Ku France, pafupifupi achinyamata 600 ndi achinyamata azaka zapakati pa 000 ndi 12 amadwala matenda ovutika kudya (ADD). Mwa iwo, 35% ndi atsikana kapena atsikana. Kuwongolera koyambirira ndikofunikira kuti chiwopsezo cha matendawa chisapitirire kukula. Koma kuchita manyazi ndi kudzipatula kaŵirikaŵiri kumalepheretsa ozunzidwawo kulankhula za izo ndi kupempha thandizo. Ndiponso, sadziŵa nthaŵi zonse kumene angatembenukire. Pali zinthu zingapo zimene angathe kuchita.

Timalankhula za vuto la kadyedwe pamene kadyedwe kozolowereka ka munthu kasokonezedwa ndi khalidwe loipa lomwe limakhala ndi zotsatirapo zoipa pa thanzi ndi maganizo ake. Pakati pa zovuta za kadyedwe, pali:

• Anorexia nervosa: munthu wodwala anorexia amadziletsa kudya chifukwa choopa kunenepa kapena kunenepa ngakhale kuti ndi wochepa thupi. Kuphatikiza pa kuletsa kudya, anthu odwala anorexia nthawi zambiri amasanza atadya kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ofewetsa thukuta, okodzetsa, ochepetsa chilakolako cha chakudya komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kuti asawonde. Amavutikanso ndi kusintha kwa kawonedwe ka kulemera kwawo ndi mawonekedwe a thupi lawo ndipo samazindikira kuopsa kwa kuwonda kwawo.
• Bulimia: munthu wodwala bulimia amamwa chakudya chochuluka kuposa wamba, ndipo izi, m'kanthawi kochepa. Amasamalanso kuti asanenepe mwakuchita zinthu zobwezera monga kusanza, kumwa mankhwala ofewetsa thukuta ndi okodzetsa, kusachita masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso kusala kudya.
• Kudya kwambiri kapena kudya kwambiri: munthu amene amadwala kudya kwambiri amadya chakudya chochuluka kuposa pafupifupi mu nthawi yochepa (osakwana 2 hours mwachitsanzo) ndi kulephera kulamulira kuchuluka kwa kumeza. Kuonjezera apo, pali osachepera 3 mwa makhalidwe awa: kudya mwamsanga, kudya mpaka mutakhala ndi vuto la m'mimba, kudya kwambiri osamva njala, kudya nokha chifukwa mukuchita manyazi ndi kuchuluka kwa zomwe mwadya, kudzimva kuti ndinu olakwa komanso okhumudwa mutadya. Mosiyana ndi anorexia ndi bulimia, odwala hyperphagic sakhazikitsa makhalidwe obwezera kuti apewe kulemera (kusanza, kusala kudya, etc.).
• Zina zomwe zimatchedwa "chakudya kumeza" zovuta: orthorexia, pica, merycism, kuletsa kapena kupewa kudya, kapena kudya mokakamiza.

Mafunso a SCOFF, opangidwa ndi asayansi, amatha kuzindikira kukhalapo kwa vuto la kudya. Ili ndi mafunso a 5 omwe amapangidwira anthu omwe angavutike ndi TCA:

1. Kodi munganene kuti chakudya ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pa moyo wanu?
2. Kodi mumadzipangitsa kuti mutulutse pamene mukumva kuti mimba yanu yadzaza?
3. Kodi mwataya 6kg posachedwa pasanathe miyezi itatu?
4. Kodi mukuganiza kuti ndinu wonenepa kwambiri ena akakuuzani kuti ndinu woonda kwambiri?
5. Kodi mukuona ngati mwalephera kulamulira kuchuluka kwa chakudya chimene mumadya?

Ngati mwayankha kuti “inde” ku mafunso awiri kapena kupitilira apo, ndiye kuti mutha kukhala ndi vuto la kudya ndipo muyenera kulankhula ndi omwe ali pafupi nanu kuti akuthandizireni. Mchitidwe wa ACT ukhoza kukhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri paumoyo ngati ukhala wosakhazikika.

Kasamalidwe ka TCA sikophweka chifukwa odwala sayerekeza kuyankhula za izo, kudyedwa ndi manyazi. Madyedwe awo osazolowereka amawalimbikitsanso kudzipatula kuti adye. Zotsatira zake, maubwenzi awo ndi anthu ena amafooka pamene matendawa ayamba. Motero manyazi ndi kudzipatula ndizo zopinga zazikulu ziŵiri zomwe zimalepheretsa chisamaliro cha anthu odwala matenda ovutika kudya.

Amadziŵa bwino lomwe kuti zimene akudzichitira okha nzolakwa. Ndipo komabe sangathe kuyima popanda thandizo. Manyazi samangokhalira kucheza, ndiko kunena kuti odwala amadziŵa kuti kadyedwe kawo kamalingaliridwa ndi ena. Koma komanso mkati, ndiko kunena kuti anthu omwe akuvutika nawo samagwirizana ndi khalidwe lawo. Ndimanyazi awa omwe amabweretsa kudzipatula: pang'onopang'ono timakana kuyitanira ku chakudya chamadzulo kapena chamasana, timakonda kukhala kunyumba kuti tidye chakudya chambiri komanso / kapena kusanza, kupita kuntchito kumakhala kovuta ngati vutoli likukula ...

Kwa dokotala wake

Dokotala wopezekapo nthawi zambiri amakhala woyamba interlocutor zachipatala m'mabanja. Kulankhula za vuto lake la kadyedwe ndi dokotala wake wamkulu kumawoneka kosavuta kuposa ndi sing'anga wina yemwe satidziwa komanso yemwe sitinakhazikitse naye mgwirizano wokhulupirirana. Matendawa akangopangidwa, dokotala wamkulu adzapereka njira zingapo zoyendetsera matendawa, malingana ndi momwe wodwalayo alili.

Kwa banja lake kapena achibale ake

Banja ndi okondedwa a munthu wodwala ali m’malo abwino kwambiri ozindikira vutolo chifukwa angapeze kuti khalidwe lawo siliri lachilendo panthaŵi yachakudya kapena kuti kuwonda kapena kuwonda kwawo kwakula mopambanitsa m’miyezi yaposachedwapa. Asazengereze kukambitsirana za vutolo ndi munthu wokhudzidwayo ndi kumthandiza kupeza chithandizo chamankhwala ndi chamaganizo. Mofanana ndi zimenezi, munthu asazengereze kupempha thandizo kwa amene ali pafupi naye.

Ku mayanjano

Mabungwe ndi mabungwe angapo amathandizira odwala ndi mabanja awo. Pakati pawo, National Federation of associations zokhudzana ndi vuto la kudya (FNA-TCA), bungwe la Enfine, Fil Santé Jeunes, bungwe la Autrement, kapena French Anorexia Bulimia Federation (FFAB).

Kwa anthu ena omwe akukumana ndi zomwezo

Mwina iyi ndiyo njira yosavuta yovomerezera kuti muli ndi vuto la kudya. Ndani angamvetse bwino munthu yemwe akudwala TCA, kuposa wina yemwe akudwala TCA? Kugawana zomwe mwakumana nazo ndi anthu omwe akudwala TCA tsiku lililonse (odwala komanso pafupi ndi odwala) akuwonetsa kuti mukufuna kutulukamo. Pali magulu okambilana ndi mabwalo okhudzidwa ndi zovuta zakudya pa izi. Kondwerani ndi mabwalo operekedwa ndi mabungwe omwe akulimbana ndi vuto la kadyedwe momwe zokambirana zimayendera. Zowonadi, nthawi zina munthu amapeza pa intaneti amphaka ndi mabulogu akupepesa chifukwa cha anorexia.

Ili ndi magulu osiyanasiyana operekedwa ku TCA

Mabungwe ena azaumoyo amapereka dongosolo lothandizira kuthana ndi vuto la kudya. Izi ndizochitika:

• The Maison de Solenn-Maison des adolescents, yolumikizidwa ku chipatala cha Cochin ku Paris. Madokotala omwe amapereka chithandizo cha somatic, psychological and psychiatric management of anorexia ndi bulimia kwa achinyamata azaka zapakati pa 11 mpaka 18.
• Jean Abadie Center yolumikizidwa ndi gulu lachipatala la Saint-André ku Bordeaux. Kukhazikitsidwa kumeneku kumagwira ntchito polandirira ndi kusamalira ana ndi achinyamata osiyanasiyana.
• TCA Garches Nutrition Unit. Ichi ndi gawo lachipatala loperekedwa ku kasamalidwe ka somatic complications ndi kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi kwa odwala omwe ali ndi TCA.

Magawo apaderawa nthawi zambiri amakhala olemedwa komanso ochepa malinga ndi malo. Koma dziwani kuti ngati mukukhala ku Ile-de-France kapena pafupi, mutha kupita ku TCA Francilien Network. Zimasonkhanitsa akatswiri onse a zaumoyo omwe amasamalira TCA m'derali: akatswiri a zamaganizo, akatswiri a maganizo a ana, madokotala a ana, ogwira ntchito zachipatala, akatswiri a maganizo, akatswiri a zakudya, madokotala odzidzimutsa, otsitsimula, akatswiri a zakudya, aphunzitsi, ogwira ntchito zamagulu, mayanjano odwala, ndi zina zotero.