Osokoneza endocrine: akubisala kuti?

Osokoneza endocrine: akubisala kuti?

Endocrine disruptor: ndichiyani?

Zosokoneza za Endocrine zimaphatikizapo banja lalikulu lamagulu, lachilengedwe kapena lopangidwa, lomwe limatha kuyanjana ndi dongosolo la mahomoni. Pofotokoza zimenezi, tanthauzo la bungwe la World Health Organization la mu 2002 n’logwirizana: “Chinthu chimene chingasokoneze endocrine ndicho chinthu chachilendo kapena chosakanizika, chokhala ndi zinthu zimene zingayambitse kusokonekera kwa dongosolo la endocrine m’thupi lomwe silili bwino, mwa mbadwa zake. kapena m'magulu ang'onoang'ono. “

Dongosolo la mahomoni amunthu limapangidwa ndi tiziwalo ta endocrine: hypothalamus, pituitary, chithokomiro, thumba losunga mazira, ma testes, ndi zina zotere. Mahomoni omaliza a secrete, "mankhwala a messenger" omwe amayang'anira ntchito zambiri zathupi la chamoyo: kagayidwe, ntchito zoberekera, dongosolo lamanjenje, etc. Chifukwa chake, zosokoneza za endocrine zimasokoneza minyewa ya endocrine ndikusokoneza dongosolo la mahomoni.

Ngati kafukufuku akuwonetsa zowopsa zazinthu zambiri zosokoneza endocrine paumoyo komanso chilengedwe, ochepa mwa iwo adatsimikizira kuti ndi "osokoneza endocrine" mpaka pano. Komabe, ambiri amaganiziridwa kuti ali ndi izi.

Ndipo pazifukwa zomveka, kawopsedwe kaphatikizidwe ndi kusokonezeka kwa dongosolo la endocrine kumadalira magawo osiyanasiyana:

  • Kuwonetseredwa Mlingo: amphamvu, ofooka, aakulu;

  • Zotsatira za Transgenerational: chiwopsezo cha thanzi sichingangokhudza munthu yemwe ali pachiwopsezo, komanso ana awo;

  • Zotsatira za Cocktail: kuchuluka kwa mankhwala angapo pamiyeso yotsika - nthawi zina popanda chiwopsezo akakhala kwaokha - kungayambitse mavuto.

    • Njira zogwirira ntchito za endocrine zosokoneza

    Mitundu yonse yamachitidwe osokoneza a endocrine akadali nkhani yofufuza zambiri. Koma njira zodziwika bwino, zomwe zimasiyana malinga ndi zomwe zimaganiziridwa, zikuphatikizapo:

    • Kusintha kwa kupanga mahomoni achilengedwe - estrogen, testosterone - mwa kusokoneza njira zawo za kaphatikizidwe, zoyendetsa, kapena kutuluka;

  • Amatsanzira machitidwe a mahomoni achilengedwe powalowetsa m'machitidwe achilengedwe omwe amawongolera. Izi ndi zotsatira za agonist: izi ndizochitika ndi Bisphenol A;

  • Kuletsa zochita za mahomoni achilengedwe podziphatika ku ma receptor omwe nthawi zambiri amalumikizana nawo ndikulepheretsa kufalikira kwa chizindikiro cha mahomoni - zotsatira zotsutsana.

    • Magwero okhudzana ndi zosokoneza za endocrine

    Pali magwero ambiri okhudzana ndi zosokoneza za endocrine.

    Mankhwala ndi zopangira mafakitale

    Njira yoyamba, yotakata kwambiri ikukhudza mankhwala ndi zopangidwa ndi mafakitale. Zogulitsa zoposa chikwi, zamitundu yosiyanasiyana, zalembedwa. Zina mwazofala ndi:

    • Bisphenol A (BPA), yolowetsedwa chifukwa imapezeka m'mapulasitiki a chakudya ndi osakhala chakudya: mabotolo amasewera, makina a mano ndi zosindikizira mano, zotengera zamadzi, zoseweretsa za ana, ma CD ndi ma DVD, magalasi a maso, zida zamankhwala, ziwiya , zotengera zapulasitiki. , zitini ndi zitini za aluminiyamu. Mu 2018, European Commission idakhazikitsa malire osamukira ku BPA pa 0,6 milligrams pa kilogalamu ya chakudya. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwake ndikoletsedwanso m'mabotolo a ana;

  • Phthalates, gulu la mankhwala a mafakitale omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mapulasitiki olimba ngati polyvinyl chloride (PVC) osavuta kusungunuka kapena kusinthasintha: makatani osambira, zoseweretsa zina, zophimba za vinilu, zikwama zachikopa ndi zovala zabodza, zamankhwala, masitayelo azinthu, chisamaliro ndi zodzikongoletsera ndi mafuta onunkhira. Ku France, kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo kwaletsedwa kuyambira Meyi 3, 2011;

  • Dioxins: nyama, mkaka, nsomba ndi nsomba;

  • Furans, kamolekyu kakang'ono kamene kamapangidwa potenthetsa chakudya, monga kuphika kapena kutseketsa: zitini zachitsulo, mitsuko yagalasi, zakudya zodzaza ndi vacuum, khofi wokazinga, mitsuko ya ana…;

  • Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), chifukwa cha kuyaka kosakwanira kwa zinthu zachilengedwe monga mafuta, nkhuni, fodya: mpweya, madzi, chakudya;

  • Parabens, zotetezera zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zambiri: mankhwala, zodzoladzola, zaukhondo ndi mafakitale a zakudya;

  • Organochlorines (DDT, chlordecone, etc.) ntchito zoteteza zomera: fungicides, mankhwala, herbicides, etc.;

  • Butylated hydroxyanisol (BHA) ndi butylhydroxytoluene (BHT), zowonjezera zakudya motsutsana ndi okosijeni: zonona, mafuta odzola, zonyowa, zopaka milomo ndi ndodo, mapensulo ndi mithunzi yamaso, kulongedza chakudya, chimanga, kutafuna chingamu, nyama, margarine, soups ndi zakudya zina zopanda madzi ...

  • Alkylphenols: penti, zotsukira, mankhwala ophera tizilombo, mapaipi a PVC, zopaka utoto tsitsi, zopaka pambuyo pometa, zopukuta zotaya, zopaka zometa, mankhwala ophera umuna…;

  • Cadmium, carcinogen yomwe imakhudzidwa ndi khansa ya m'mapapo: mapulasitiki, ceramics ndi magalasi achikuda, maselo a nickel-cadmium ndi mabatire, ma photocopies, PVC, mankhwala ophera tizilombo, fodya, madzi akumwa ndi zigawo zamagetsi zamagetsi; komanso muzakudya zina: soya, nsomba za m’nyanja, mtedza, mpendadzuwa, dzinthu zina ndi mkaka wa ng’ombe.

  • Zoletsa moto ndi mercury: nsalu zina, mipando, matiresi, zinthu zamagetsi, magalimoto, zoyezera kutentha, mababu, mabatire, mafuta ena owunikira khungu, mafuta opha tizilombo, madontho a maso, ndi zina zotero;

  • Triclosan, antibacterial multi-application antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, anti-tartar ndi preservative, yomwe ilipo muzinthu zambiri monga: sopo, mankhwala otsukira mano, chithandizo choyamba ndi mankhwala a ziphuphu, zodzoladzola, zopaka tsitsi, zopaka zonyowa, zochotsa zodzoladzola, zonunkhiritsa, shawa. makatani, masiponji akukhitchini, zoseweretsa, zovala zamasewera ndi mitundu ina ya mapulasitiki;

  • Mtsogoleli: mabatire agalimoto, mapaipi, zingwe zamagetsi, zida zamagetsi, utoto pazidole zina, utoto, PVC, zodzikongoletsera ndi magalasi akristalo;

  • Tini ndi zotumphukira zake, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu zosungunulira;

  • Teflon ndi mankhwala ena perfluorinated (PFCs): mafuta odzola amthupi, mankhwala opangira makapeti ndi nsalu, zoikamo chakudya ndi zophikira, masewera ndi zida zamankhwala, zovala zopanda madzi, ndi zina zotero;

  • Ndi zina zambiri

    • Mahomoni achilengedwe kapena opangidwa

    Gwero lachiwiri lalikulu la zosokoneza za endocrine ndi mahomoni achilengedwe - estrogen, testosterone, progesterone, etc. - kapena synthesis. Kulera, kulowetsa m'malo mwa mahomoni, chithandizo cha mahomoni… Zopanga zopanga zomwe zimatengera mphamvu ya mahomoni achilengedwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazamankhwala. Komabe, mahomoniwa amalumikizana ndi chilengedwe kudzera m'zinyalala zaumunthu kapena zanyama.

    Ku France, National Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health Safety (ANSES) yayamba kufalitsa pofika 2021 mndandanda wa onse omwe asokoneza endocrine ...

    Zotsatira ndi zoopsa za zosokoneza za endocrine

    Zotsatira zomwe zingachitike mthupi, makamaka kwa aliyense wosokoneza endocrine, ndi zambiri:

    • Kuwonongeka kwa ntchito zoberekera;

  • Kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo zoberekera;

  • Kusokonezeka kwa ntchito ya chithokomiro, chitukuko cha mitsempha ndi chitukuko cha chidziwitso;

  • Kusintha kwa chiwerengero cha kugonana;

  • shuga;

  • Kunenepa kwambiri ndi matenda a m'mimba;

  • Khansa yodalira mahomoni: kukula kwa zotupa mu minofu yomwe imatulutsa kapena kuwongolera mahomoni - chithokomiro, bere, testes, prostate, chiberekero, ndi zina zambiri;

  • Ndi zina zambiri

    • Chiwonetserochi mu utero akhoza kukhala ndi zotsatira zoopsa kwa moyo wonse:

    • Pa kapangidwe ka ubongo ndi magwiridwe antchito;

  • Kumayambiriro kwa kutha msinkhu;

  • Pakuwongolera kulemera;

  • Komanso pa ntchito zobereka.

    • Osokoneza Endocrine ndi Covid-19

    Pambuyo pa kafukufuku woyamba waku Danish wowonetsa gawo la munthu yemwe ali ndi vuto la Covid-19, lachiwiri likutsimikizira kukhudzidwa kwa osokoneza endocrine pakuwopsa kwa mliri. Lofalitsidwa mu Okutobala 2020 ndi gulu la Inserm motsogozedwa ndi Karine Audouze, likuwonetsa kuti kukhudzana ndi mankhwala omwe amasokoneza dongosolo la endocrine kumatha kusokoneza mazizindikiro osiyanasiyana achilengedwe m'thupi la munthu omwe amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakuwopsa kwa matendawa. Matenda a covid19.

    Zosokoneza endocrine: momwe mungapewere?

    Ngati zikuwoneka zovuta kuthawa zosokoneza za endocrine, zizolowezi zingapo zabwino zingathandize kuteteza kwa iwo ngakhale pang'ono:

    • Mapulasitiki okondedwa amaonedwa kuti ndi otetezeka: Polyethylene High Density Or High Density Polyethylene (HDPE), Low Density Polyethylene Kapena Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE), Polypropylene (PP);

  • Kuletsa mapulasitiki okhala ndi zosokoneza za endocrine zomwe chiopsezo chatsimikiziridwa: Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET), Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC);

  • Pewani mapulasitiki okhala ndi pictograms: 3 PVC, 6 PS ndi 7 PC chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwawo kovulaza chifukwa cha kutentha;

  • Kuletsa mapoto a Teflon ndikukonda zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri;

  • Gwiritsani ntchito magalasi kapena zotengera za ceramic mu uvuni wa microwave ndikusungirako;

  • Tsukani zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba kuti muchotse mankhwala ophera tizilombo ambiri momwe mungathere ndikukonda zinthu zochokera ku ulimi wa organic;

  • Pewani zowonjezera E214-219 (parabens) ndi E320 (BHA);

  • Werengani mosamala zolemba zaukhondo ndi kukongola, kondani zolemba za organic ndikuletsa zomwe zili ndi zinthu zotsatirazi: Butylparaben, propylparaben, sodium butylparaben, sodium propylparaben, potaziyamu butylparaben, potassium propylparaben, BHA, BHT, Cyclopentasiloxane, Cyclopentasiloxane, cyclomexathilcyclone, cycloneetholomexicone, Benzophenone-1, benzophenone-3, Triclosan, etc.;

  • Chotsani mankhwala ophera tizilombo (fungicides, herbicides, insecticides, etc.);

  • Ndi zina zambiri

    • Siyani Mumakonda