Zamkatimu
Chifukwa chiyani ngwazi waposachedwa, wodzikonda, wosakhala wanzeru komanso waulemu wa The Big Bang Theory ndi wotchuka kwambiri ndi aliyense? Mwina anthu amakopeka ndi luso lake, lomwe mwanjira ina limakwaniritsa zophophonya zambiri, akutero pulofesa wa zamoyo Bill Sullivan. Nanga bwanji ngati pali talente yowala yobisika mwa aliyense wa ife?
Kasupe aka adamaliza nyengo yomaliza, khumi ndi iwiri ya chiphunzitso chodziwika bwino cha Big Bang Theory. Ndipo, zomwe ziri zofananira pamndandanda wokhudza asayansi, kutembenuka kwatulutsidwa kale, ndi nthabwala zomwezi kunena za ubwana wa m'modzi mwa ngwazi zachikoka kwambiri - Sheldon Cooper.
Sheldon anapambana mitima ya omvera, pokhala wosiyana kotheratu ndi mafilimu owoneka bwino. Iye alibe chifundo. Osachita zodabwitsa. Iye ndi wosaleza mtima ndipo sali wokonzeka kumvetsetsa ena. Uyu ndi egoist wowona mtima kwambiri yemwe chifundo chake ndi chovuta kuzindikira kuposa Higgs boson. Mtima wa Sheldon ukuoneka ngati uli ngati chikepe mnyumba yomwe amakhala. Amakwiyitsa ndikukwiyitsa. Ndiwowala komanso waluso modabwitsa.
Chithumwa chodzichepetsa cha talente
N’chifukwa chiyani anthu ambiri padziko lonse amaona kuti Sheldon ndi wokongola? Bill Sullivan, yemwe ndi katswiri wa sayansi ya zamoyo komanso wofalitsa nkhani, anati: “Chifukwa chakuti timachita misala ndi akatswiri. "Luso lanzeru ndi lomwe Dr. Cooper wapambana mphoto ya Nobel."
Luso lodabwitsa la kusanthula kwa Sheldon ndi luntha lake ndilapamwamba ndendende chifukwa chakusatukuka kwa luntha lamalingaliro. Kwa nyengo zonse, owonera samataya chiyembekezo kuti ngwaziyo ipeza malire pakati pa kulingalira ndi kuthekera kwakumva. Muzinthu zingapo zowawa kwambiri zawonetsero, timayang'ana ndi mpweya wabwino pamene Cooper amadutsa malingaliro ozizira ndipo mwadzidzidzi amawunikiridwa ndikumvetsetsa momwe anthu ena akumvera.
M'moyo weniweni, kusinthanitsa kofananako pakati pa luso lachidziwitso ndi kukhudzidwa kumakhala kofala mwa anthu osamva. Umu ndi momwe anthu omwe ali ndi matenda obadwa nawo kapena omwe adapeza (mwachitsanzo, chifukwa cha kuvulala) matenda amisala ndi zomwe zimatchedwa "chilumba cha genius". Ikhoza kudziwonetsera yokha mu luso lodabwitsa la masamu kapena nyimbo, zaluso zabwino, zojambula.
Bill Sullivan akufuna kuti afufuze malowa palimodzi, kuti amvetsetse chikhalidwe cha luso komanso kudziwa ngati aliyense wa ife ali ndi luso lodabwitsa lamaganizo.
Nzeru zobisika mkati mwa ubongo
Mu 1988, Dustin Hoffman adasewera gawo la Rain Man, akusewera wanzeru kwambiri. The prototype wa khalidwe lake, Kim Peak, wotchedwa «KIMputer», anabadwa popanda corpus callosum - plexus wa mitsempha ulusi kuti zikugwirizana kumanja ndi kumanzere hemispheres. Peak sanathe kudziwa bwino luso la magalimoto ambiri, sankatha kuvala yekha kapena kutsuka mano, komanso anali ndi IQ yochepa. Koma, ndi chidziwitso chenicheni cha encyclopedic, nthawi yomweyo amatimenya tonse mu "Chiyani? Kuti? Liti?".
Peak anali ndi chidwi chojambula zithunzi: adaloweza pafupifupi mabuku onse, ndipo adawerenga pafupifupi 12 a iwo m'moyo wake, ndipo amatha kubwereza mawu a nyimbo yomwe adamva kamodzi kokha. Pamutu wa munthu woyendetsa ngalawayo munasungidwa mapu a mizinda yonse ikuluikulu ya ku United States.
Maluso odabwitsa a savants amatha kukhala osiyanasiyana. Ellen Boudreau, yemwe ali wakhungu, yemwe ali ndi vuto la autism, amatha kuimba nyimbo mosalakwitsa atangomvetsera kamodzi kokha. Stephen Wiltshire, yemwe ali ndi vuto lodzimva, amakoka malo aliwonse pamtima atayang'ana kwa masekondi angapo, ndikumupatsa dzina loti "Live Camera".
Muyenera kulipira mphamvu zazikulu
Tikhoza kusirira maulamuliro amphamvu amenewa, koma nthawi zambiri amabwera pamtengo wokwera kwambiri. Dera limodzi laubongo silingatukuke popanda kutenga zofunikira kuchokera kwa ena. Ma savants ambiri amakumana ndi zovuta zolumikizana ndi anthu, amasiyana ndi mawonekedwe omwe ali pafupi ndi autistic. Ena amavulala kwambiri muubongo moti sangathe kuyenda kapena kudzisamalira okha.
Chitsanzo china ndi savant Daniel Tammlet, autistic wochita bwino kwambiri yemwe amachita ndikuwoneka ngati munthu wabwinobwino mpaka atayamba kunena kuti pi mpaka 22 malo okumbukira kapena amalankhula chimodzi mwa zilankhulo 514 zomwe amadziwa. Ena «ma calculator amoyo», monga German masamu «wizard» Rutgett Gamm, samawoneka ngati savants ndi ubongo anomalies konse. Mphatso ya Gamma imatsimikiziridwa ndi kusintha kwa majini.
Chodabwitsa kwambiri ndi anthu omwe sanawonekere kwa moyo wawo wonse mpaka adawonekera ngati savants atavulala mutu. Asayansi amadziwa za 30 milandu yotereyi pamene munthu wamba amalandira mwadzidzidzi talente yachilendo pambuyo pa kugunda, kugunda kapena mphezi. Mphatso yawo yatsopano ikhoza kukhala kukumbukira zithunzi, nyimbo, masamu kapena luso laluso.
Kodi n'zotheka kukhala katswiri?
Nkhani zonsezi zimakupangitsani kudabwa kuti talente yobisika ili mu ubongo wa aliyense wa ife. Nanga chingachitike n’chiyani akatulutsidwa? Kodi tidzaimba ngati Kanye West, kapena tipeza pulasitiki ya Michael Jackson? Kodi tidzakhala Lobachevskys watsopano mu masamu, kapena tidzakhala otchuka mu luso, monga Salvador Dali?
Chosangalatsanso ndi ubale wodabwitsa pakati pa kutuluka kwa luso lazojambula ndi chitukuko cha mitundu ina ya dementia - makamaka, matenda a Alzheimer's. Pokhala ndi zotsatira zowononga pakuzindikira magwiridwe antchito apamwamba, matenda a neurodegenerative nthawi zina amabweretsa talente yodabwitsa pakujambula ndi zojambulajambula.
Kufanana kwina pakati pa kuwonekera kwa mphatso yatsopano yojambula mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a Alzheimer's ndi savants ndikuti mawonetseredwe a talente yawo amaphatikizidwa ndi kufowoketsa kapena kutayika kwa luso lachiyanjano ndi kulankhula. Kuwona milandu yotereyi kunapangitsa asayansi kunena kuti kuwonongeka kwa madera aubongo okhudzana ndi kulingalira ndi kulankhula kumatulutsa luso lobisika.
Tidakali kutali kuti timvetsetse ngati pali Mvula yaing'ono mwa aliyense wa ife ndi momwe tingamumasulire.
Katswiri wa sayansi ya zamoyo Allan Schneider wa ku yunivesite ya Sydney akugwira ntchito yosagwirizana ndi njira yochepetsera "kukhalitsa chete" mbali zina za ubongo pogwiritsa ntchito magetsi oyendetsedwa kudzera pamagetsi omwe amaikidwa pamutu. Pambuyo anafooketsa nawo kuyesera, ntchito ya madera omwewo amene anawonongedwa mu matenda a Alzheimers, anthu anasonyeza zotsatira zabwino kwambiri kuthetsa ntchito kwa kulenga ndi sanali muyezo kuganiza.
"Tidakali kutali kuti timvetsetse ngati pali Mvula yaing'ono mwa aliyense wa ife ndi momwe tingamutulutsire ku ukapolo," Sullivan akumaliza. "Koma chifukwa cha mtengo wokulirapo woti ndilipire maluso odabwitsawa, sindingafune kukhala wanzeru pompano."
Za Wolemba: Bill Sullivan ndi pulofesa wa biology komanso wolemba wogulitsa kwambiri wa Nice to Know Yourself! Majini, tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, ndi mphamvu zodabwitsa zomwe zimatipanga kukhala chomwe tili."