Champignon Forest (Agaricus silvaticus) chithunzi ndi kufotokozera

Bowa wa m'nkhalango (Agaricus sylvaticus)

• Agaricus silvaticus
• Agaric wodulidwa
• Agaricus haemorrhoidarius
• Agaricus wamagazi
• Agaricus vinosobruneus
• Psalliota sylvatica
• Psalliota silvatica

mbiri ya taxonomic

Katswiri wodziwika bwino wa mycologist wa ku Germany Jacob Christian Schaeffer (Jacob Christian Schaeffer) adalongosola bowa mu 1762 ndikuupatsa dzina lovomerezeka la sayansi Agaricus sylvaticus.

Malembedwe ena “Agaricus sylvaticus» - «Agaricus silvaticus" ndi yofala mofanana; “kalembedwe” kumeneku kumakondedwa ndi maulamuliro ena, kuphatikizapo Geoffrey Kibby (Mkonzi Wamkulu wa magazini yasayansi ya ku Britain Field Mycology), ndipo kalembedwe kameneka kakugwiritsidwa ntchito pa Index Fungorum. Zida zambiri zapaintaneti, kuphatikiza British Mycological Society, zimagwiritsa ntchito mawonekedweilvaticus».

mutu: m'mimba mwake kuchokera ku 7 mpaka 12 masentimita, kawirikawiri mpaka 15 cm. Poyamba domed, ndiye amakula mpaka kukhala pafupifupi lathyathyathya. Mu bowa wamkulu, m'mphepete mwa kapu ikhoza kukhala yopweteka pang'ono, nthawi zina pamakhala tinthu tating'onoting'ono tachinsinsi. Pamwamba pa chipewacho ndi chofiira chofiirira, chowoneka bwino pakati komanso chopepuka cham'mphepete, chophimbidwa ndi mamba amtundu wofiirira-wofiirira, ang'onoang'ono komanso opanikizidwa mwamphamvu pakati, okulirapo komanso otsalira pang'ono - mpaka m'mphepete, kumene khungu limawonekera pakati pa mamba. Ming'alu zimawonekera nyengo youma.

Mnofu mu chipewa woonda, wandiweyani, pa odulidwa ndipo akakanikizidwa, amasanduka ofiira mwamsanga, pakapita kanthawi kufiira kumachoka, utoto wa bulauni umakhalabe.

mbale: pafupipafupi, ndi mbale, zaulere. Mu zitsanzo zazing'ono (mpaka chophimbacho chinang'ambika) okoma, opepuka kwambiri, pafupifupi oyera. Ndi zaka, iwo mwamsanga kwambiri zonona, pinki, pinki kwambiri, ndiye mdima pinki, wofiira, wofiira-bulauni, mpaka mdima kwambiri.

mwendo: chapakati, 1 mpaka 1,2-1,5 masentimita m'mimba mwake ndi 8-10 cm kutalika. Chosalala kapena chopindika pang'ono, ndikukhuthala pang'ono m'munsi. Kuwala, kopepuka kuposa kapu, koyera kapena koyera-bulauni. Pamwamba pa annulus ndi yosalala, pansi pa annulus imakutidwa ndi miyeso yaying'ono ya bulauni, yaying'ono kumtunda, yokulirapo, yodziwika bwino m'munsi. Zolimba, mu bowa wamkulu kwambiri zimatha kukhala dzenje.

Zamkati mwa mwendo wandiweyani, wonyezimira, wowonongeka, ngakhale wocheperako, amakhala wofiira, pakapita nthawi kufiira kumasowa.

mphete: yekhayekha, woonda, wolendewera, wosakhazikika. Mbali yapansi ya mpheteyo ndi yowala, pafupifupi yoyera, mbali ya pamwamba, makamaka mu zitsanzo zachikulire, imapeza mtundu wofiira-bulauni kuchokera ku spores.

Futa: zofooka, zokondweretsa, bowa.

Kukumana: zofewa.

spore powder: bulauni wakuda, bulauni wa chokoleti.

Mikangano: 4,5-6,5 x 3,2-4,2 microns, ovoid kapena ellipsoid, bulauni.

Kusintha kwa mankhwala: KOH - zoipa pamwamba pa kapu.

M'magulu olankhula, amakhulupirira kuti champignon yakutchire (mwina) imapanga mycorrhiza ndi spruce, choncho, m'malo ambiri, nkhalango zoyera kapena nkhalango za coniferous ndi spruce ndi pine nkhalango zimasonyezedwa m'madera ambiri, nthawi zina zosakanikirana, koma pafupifupi nthawi zonse. spruce.

Magwero akunja amasonyeza kuti pali mitundu yambiri: Blagushka imamera m'nkhalango zosiyanasiyana. Zitha kukhala spruce, paini, birch, thundu, beech mumitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Chifukwa chake, tiyeni tinene izi: imakonda nkhalango za coniferous ndi zosakanikirana, koma zimapezekanso m'mitengo.

Ikhoza kukula m'mphepete mwa nkhalango, m'mapaki akuluakulu ndi malo osangalalira. Nthawi zambiri amapezeka pafupi ndi nyerere.

Kuyambira theka lachiwiri la chilimwe, mwachangu - kuyambira Ogasiti mpaka pakati pa autumn, nyengo yofunda mpaka kumapeto kwa Novembala. Payekha kapena m'magulu, nthawi zina amapanga "magulu amatsenga".

Bowa amafalitsidwa kwambiri ku Ulaya konse, kuphatikizapo England ndi Ireland, ku Asia.

Bowa wabwino wodyedwa, makamaka akadakali wamng'ono. Mu bowa wokhwima kwambiri, mbale zimathyoka ndikugwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mbaleyo iwoneke mosasamala. Akulimbikitsidwa kuphika choyamba ndi chachiwiri maphunziro, oyenera marinating. Mukakazinga, ndi bwino kuwonjezera pa mbale za nyama.

Kukoma kungakambidwe mosiyana. Forest champignon ilibe kukoma kowala kwambiri kwa bowa, miyambo yaku Western Europe imawona izi ngati zabwino, chifukwa zamkati za bowa wotere zimatha kuwonjezeredwa ku mbale iliyonse popanda kuwopa kuti kukomako kungasokonezedwe. M'chikhalidwe cha Kum'mawa kwa Ulaya (Belarus, Dziko Lathu, our country), kusowa kwa kukoma kwa bowa kumaonedwa kuti ndizovuta kuposa mwayi. Koma, monga akunena, sikuli kwachabe kuti anthu anatulukira zonunkhira!

Mlembi wa cholemba ichi yokazinga ndi blashushka ndi anyezi mu mafuta masamba ndi Kuwonjezera batala kumapeto Frying, mchere pang'ono ndipo palibe zonunkhira, kunapezeka chokoma ndithu.

Funso loti ngati kuwira kusanachitike ndikofunikira likadali lotseguka.

August champignon (Agaricus augustus), yomwe mnofu wake umasanduka wachikasu ukakhudza, osati kufiira.

Video ya bowa wa m'nkhalango Bowa

Nkhaniyi imagwiritsa ntchito zithunzi za Andrey.

Maumboni operekedwa ndi Francisco m'magazini ino amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zomasulira.