Kupanga chikhalidwe chachikazi mu atsikana akusekondale ngati njira imodzi yopewera nkhanza

Pakadali pano, pali zochitika zingapo zamaganizidwe ndi zikhalidwe zomwe zitha kukhala zopatuka kosayenera:

• choyamba, ndizodziwikiratu komanso zikuchulukirachulukira kukula kwachimuna kwa atsikana ndi ukazi wa anyamata;
• chachiwiri, kuonekera kwa chiwerengero chowonjezereka cha khalidwe loipa, losafunika la achinyamata a kusekondale: nkhawa imayambitsidwa osati chifukwa cha kupatukana kwapang'onopang'ono, nkhawa yowonjezereka, kusowa kwauzimu, komanso nkhanza ndi nkhanza;
• chachitatu, kuwonjezereka kwa vuto la kusungulumwa ali wamng'ono komanso kusakhazikika kwa maubwenzi a m'banja m'mabanja aang'ono.

Zonsezi zimaonekera kwambiri pamlingo wa kusintha kwa mwana kuchokera paubwana kufika pauchikulire—paunyamata. The microenvironment yomwe wachinyamata wamakono amazungulira ndi yosasangalatsa kwambiri. Amakumana pamlingo wina ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya makhalidwe opotoka panjira yopita kusukulu, pabwalo, m'malo opezeka anthu ambiri, komanso kunyumba (m'banja), komanso kusukulu. Malo osayenera makamaka omwe amachititsa kuti pakhale zopotoka m'gawo la makhalidwe ndi khalidwe ndikumasulidwa ku miyambo yachikhalidwe, makhalidwe, kusakhalapo kwa machitidwe olimba a makhalidwe ndi malire a makhalidwe, kufooka kwa ulamuliro wa chikhalidwe cha anthu, zomwe zimathandizira kukula kwa zopotoka. ndi khalidwe lodziononga pakati pa achinyamata.

Zolinga zosamvetsetseka zomwe zimaperekedwa ndi masiku ano "anthu opulumuka" omwe amakakamizidwa, mwachitsanzo, mkazi kuti adziteteze ndi kukwaniritsa zolinga zachimuna yekha, potero kuchititsa kupatuka pakukula kwa kugonana m'maganizo, kupanga chidziwitso cha jenda. M'mbiri, akazi achi Russia, mokulirapo kuposa akazi aku Western, sanafune kungopeza amuna malinga ndi mawonekedwe a thupi (chilengezo chodziwika bwino cha pa TV, pomwe azimayi okalamba ovala malaya alalanje a ogwira ntchito ku njanji amagona ogona njanji, palibe aliyense kupatulapo. akunja, sanawoneke kukhala odabwitsa pa nthawiyo), komanso kutengera khalidwe lachimuna, kuti adziwe khalidwe lachimuna kwa dziko. Pazokambirana zaumwini, atsikana amasiku ano akusekondale amatcha mikhalidwe yotereyi kukhala yofunika kwa akazi monga umuna, kutsimikiza mtima, mphamvu zakuthupi, kudziyimira pawokha, kudzidalira, kuchita zinthu, komanso kuthekera "kolimbana". Mikhalidwe imeneyi (mwamwambo yachimuna), ngakhale kuti ili yoyenerera kwambiri mwa iyo yokha, imalamulira mwamwambo yachikazi.

Mchitidwe wa ukazi wa amuna ndi akazi wakhudza kwambiri mbali zonse za moyo wathu, koma umatchulidwa makamaka m'banja lamakono, kumene ana amalamulira maudindo awo. Amapezanso chidziwitso chawo choyambirira chokhudza zitsanzo zamakhalidwe aukali m'banja. Monga ananenera R. Baron ndi D. Richardson, banjalo lingasonyeze panthaŵi imodzi zitsanzo za khalidwe laukali ndi kulilimbitsa. Kusukulu, izi zimangowonjezereka:

• Atsikana a m'makalasi otsika amakhala patsogolo pa anyamata pakukula kwawo ndi zaka pafupifupi 2,5 ndipo sangathe kuwona owateteza pamapeto pake, choncho amasonyeza tsankho la ubale kwa iwo. Zomwe zachitika m'zaka zaposachedwa zimathandizira kuzindikira kuti nthawi zambiri atsikana amalankhula za anzawo m'mawu oti "moons" kapena "suckers", ndikuchita zankhanza kwa anzawo a m'kalasi. Makolo a anyamata amadandaula kuti ana awo amapezereredwa ndi kumenyedwa ndi atsikana kusukulu, zomwe zimachititsa kuti anyamata azikhala ndi khalidwe lodzitchinjiriza, zomwe zimachititsa kuti mikangano ikhale yokulirapo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zotheka kusonyezana mawu kapena kumenyana;
• cholemetsa chachikulu cha maphunziro m'banja m'nthawi yathu nthawi zambiri chimanyamulidwa ndi mkazi, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito njira zolimbikitsira za maphunziro a ana (zowonera pamisonkhano ya makolo ndi aphunzitsi kusukulu zidawonetsa kuti kupezeka kwa abambo pawo kumakhala kosowa kwambiri. chodabwitsa);
• magulu ophunzitsa m'masukulu athu amakhala makamaka akazi, nthawi zambiri kukakamizidwa, osafuna, kukhala aphunzitsi opambana, kutenga udindo wamwamuna (dzanja lolimba).

Motero, atsikanawo amatengera njira ya amuna “yamphamvu” yothetsa mikangano, yomwe pambuyo pake imapanga malo achonde a makhalidwe opotoka. Muunyamata, zopotoka za chikhalidwe chaukali zimapitirira kukula ndikudziwonetsera okha muzochita zotsutsana ndi munthu (chipongwe, nkhanza, kumenyedwa), ndi gawo la kulowerera mwamphamvu kwa atsikana achichepere amapita kupyola kalasi ya sukulu, chifukwa cha makhalidwe a msinkhu. Pamodzi ndi njira yodziwira maudindo atsopano, atsikana akusekondale amakhalanso ndi njira zatsopano zofotokozera maubwenzi apakati pa anthu. M’ziŵerengero za ndewu zaunyamata, atsikana akuyamba kuloŵerera kaŵirikaŵiri, ndipo chisonkhezero cha ndewu zoterozo, malinga ndi otenga nawo mbaliwo eni, ndicho kuteteza ulemu wawo ndi ulemu wawo ku miseche ndi miseche ya mabwenzi awo apamtima omwe kale anali nawo.

Tikulimbana ndi maudindo omwe anthu sakuwamvetsetsa. Pali chinthu chonga gawo la jenda, ndiko kuti, gawo lomwe anthu amachita tsiku lililonse ngati amuna ndi akazi. Udindo umenewu umatsimikizira maonekedwe a chikhalidwe cha anthu okhudzana ndi chikhalidwe cha chikhalidwe cha anthu. Chidaliro poyankhulana ndi iwo eni ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, kudzidalira kwa amayi kumadalira momwe atsikana achichepere amaphunzirira molondola machitidwe a khalidwe la kugonana kwa akazi: kusinthasintha, kuleza mtima, nzeru, kusamala, kuchenjera ndi kufatsa. Zimatengera momwe ubale ungakhalire wokondwa m'banja lake lamtsogolo, momwe mwana wake adzakhala wathanzi, popeza lingaliro lachimuna-chikazi likhoza kukhala chiwongolero cha khalidwe lake.

Mosakayikira, ntchito yopanga chikhalidwe chachikazi cha khalidwe pakati pa ophunzira a kusekondale ndi yofunika kwambiri kwa sukulu komanso kwa anthu onse, chifukwa zimathandiza «kukula munthu» kupeza «zoona «Ine», kusintha m'moyo. , kuzindikira kukhwima kwake ndi kupeza malo ake m’dongosolo la maunansi a anthu.

Mndandanda wa mabuku

1. Bozhovich LI Mavuto a umunthu mapangidwe. Fav. psycho. ntchito. - M.: Moscow Psychological and Social Institute; Voronezh: NPO "MODEK", 2001.
2. Buyanov MI Mwana wochokera kubanja losagwira ntchito. Zolemba za psychiatrist ya ana. -M .: Maphunziro, 1988.
3. Baron R., Richardson D. Aggression. — St. Petersburg, 1999.
4. Volkov BS Psychology ya wachinyamata. - 3rd ed., yokonzedwa. Ndipo zowonjezera. - M .: Pedagogical Society of Russia, 2001.
5. Garbuzov VI Practical psychotherapy, kapena Momwe mungabwezeretsere kudzidalira, ulemu weniweni ndi thanzi kwa mwana ndi wachinyamata. - St. Petersburg: Kumpoto - Kumadzulo, 1994.
6. Olifirenko L.Ya., Chepurnykh EE, Shulga TI , Bykov AV, Zatsopano mu ntchito ya akatswiri m'mabungwe a chikhalidwe cha anthu ndi maganizo. - M.: Ntchito ya Polygraph, 2001.
7. Smirnova EO Vuto la kulankhulana pakati pa mwana ndi wamkulu mu ntchito za LS Vygotsky ndi MI Lisina // Mafunso a psychology, 1996. No. 6.
8. Shulga TI Gwirani ntchito ndi banja lomwe silikuyenda bwino. - M.: Bustard, 2007.

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