HDL - cholesterol "yabwino", koma sizothandiza nthawi zonse

Matenda a mtima amathanso kuchitika mwa anthu omwe ali ndi cholesterol yambiri yomwe imatchedwa kuti yabwino. Dziwani chifukwa chake HDL nthawi zonse simatiteteza bwino ku atherosulinosis komanso zinsinsi ziti zomwe zimatibisirabe.

1. M'mawu amodzi, cholesterol imagawidwa kukhala "zabwino" ndi "zoyipa".
2. M’malo mwake, kachigawo kamodzi kamaonedwa kuti n’kosathandiza, pamene chinacho chimangonenedwa m’nkhani yabwino
3. Komabe, izi sizowona kwathunthu. Cholesterol "yabwino" imatha kukhala yovulaza
4. Zambiri zaposachedwa zitha kupezeka patsamba lofikira la Onet.

Cholesterol ili ndi mayina ambiri! Chimodzi mwazinthu zodziwika bwino zomwe zimachitika m'thupi la munthu ndi zomwe zimatchedwa HDL (chidule cha high density lipoprotein), otchulidwa ndi madokotala ngati cholesterol yabwino. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti kuchuluka kwake m'magazi kumateteza, kuchepetsa chiopsezo chokhala ndi atherosclerosis, yomwe ndi matenda aakulu a mitsempha yomwe ingayambitse matenda a mtima kapena sitiroko.

Tsoka ilo, izi sizikutanthauza kuti aliyense yemwe ali ndi tinthu tambiri ta HDL m'magazi awo amatha kupuma mosavuta ndikuyiwala za chiopsezo cha atherosulinosis palimodzi.

Cholesterol wabwino komanso chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima

Ngakhale asayansi amakono ndi madokotala amadziwa kale zambiri za HDL cholesterol, amavomereza kuti mamolekyu ake amabisabe zinsinsi zambiri.

- Kumbali imodzi, maphunziro a epidemiological ndi chiwerengero cha anthu nthawi zonse amasonyeza kuti anthu omwe ali ndi cholesterol yambiri ya HDL amakhala ndi matenda ochepa a mtima (chiwopsezo chochepa), ndipo anthu omwe ali ndi HDL yochepa amakhala ndi matenda a mtima nthawi zambiri (chiopsezo chachikulu) . Kumbali ina, tikudziwa kuchokera muzochita kuti matenda a mtima amathanso kuchitika mwa anthu omwe ali ndi HDL yambiri. Izi ndi zododometsa, chifukwa maphunziro omwe tawatchulawa akuwonetsanso zina - akutero Prof. Barbara Cybulska, dokotala yemwe wakhala akulimbana ndi kupewa matenda a mtima kwa zaka zambiri, wofufuza pa Institute of Food and Nutrition (IŻŻ).

1. Zizindikiro za cholesterol yayikulu

Kotero pamapeto pake, zonse zimatengera vuto lenileni.

- Ndipo kwenikweni pamikhalidwe ya tinthu ta HDL mwa wodwala wopatsidwa. Kwa anthu ena, HDL idzakhala yokwera kwambiri ndipo chifukwa cha izi iwo adzapewa matenda a mtima, chifukwa mapangidwe a HDL particles adzatsimikizira kugwira ntchito kwawo moyenera, ndipo mwa ena, ngakhale HDL yapamwamba, chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima chidzakhala chachikulu, chifukwa. ku dongosolo lolakwika la molekyulu ya HDL - akufotokoza Prof. Barbara Cybulska.

Kodi Pali Mankhwala Omwe Amachulukitsa Cholesterol Yabwino?

Pakadali pano, mankhwala ali ndi mankhwala omwe amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa LDL m'magazi, zomwe zimachepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda amtima, komanso zovuta zake, zomwe ndi matenda amtima.

Komabe, atapanga mankhwala otsitsa LDL, asayansi sanapume pamalingaliro awo. Akhala akuyeseranso kwa nthawi yayitali kupanga mankhwala omwe angawonjezere cholesterol yabwino.

- Mankhwalawa apangidwa, koma ngakhale kuwonjezeka kwa HDL cholesterol, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwawo sikunachepetse chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima. Iwo likukhalira kuti HDL kachigawo ndi heterogeneous kwambiri, mwachitsanzo tichipeza osiyana mamolekyu: ang'onoang'ono ndi zazikulu, munali zambiri kapena zochepa mapuloteni, mafuta m'thupi kapena phospholipids. Chifukwa chake palibe HDL imodzi. Tsoka ilo, sitikudziwabe kuti ndi mtundu wanji wa HDL womwe uli ndi antiatherosclerotic katundu komanso momwe angawonjezere kuchuluka kwake m'magazi, akuvomereza Prof. Barbara Cybulska.

Pakadali pano, ndikofunikira kufotokoza chomwe kwenikweni ndi antiatherosclerotic zotsatira za HDL.

- Tinthu tating'ono ta HDL timalowanso khoma la mitsempha, koma zotsatira zake ndizosiyana kwambiri ndi za LDL. Amatha kutenga cholesterol kuchokera ku khoma la mtsempha wamagazi ndikubwerera nayo kuchiwindi, komwe imasinthidwa kukhala bile acid. Chifukwa chake HDL ndi gawo lofunikira pakuwongolera kagayidwe ka cholesterol m'thupi. Kupatula apo, HDL ilinso ndi zina zambiri zotsutsana ndi atherosclerotic. Koma chofunikira kwambiri ndikusinthanso kolesterol kuchokera ku khoma la mitsempha kupita ku chiwindi - akutsindika Prof. Barbara Cybulska.

Monga mukuonera, chiwindi chimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pa izi.

- Ma LDL amapangidwa mozungulira kuchokera ku ma lipoprotein otchedwa VLDL omwe amapangidwa m'chiwindi, pomwe HDL amapangidwa mwachindunji m'chiwindi. Choncho, samalowa m'magazi mwachindunji kuchokera ku chakudya chomwe anthu amadya, monga momwe anthu ambiri amaganizira molakwika - anatero katswiri wa IŻŻ.

Cholesterol yabwino: chifukwa chiyani sichithandiza nthawi zonse?

Tsoka ilo, pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe HDL sichigwira ntchito polimbana ndi atherosulinosis.

- Matenda osiyanasiyana ngakhale zaka zimapangitsa kuti tinthu tating'ono ta HDL zisagwire ntchito bwino komanso kuti zikhale zolakwika. Amataya katundu wawo wa antiatherosclerotic, kuphatikiza. izi ndizochitika kwa anthu odwala matenda a shuga, kunenepa kwambiri kapena matenda a mtima. Matenda ena a autoimmune amathanso kusokoneza ntchito za HDL, akuchenjeza Prof. Barbara Cybulska.

Chifukwa chake, ngakhale munthu atakhala ndi HDL yayikulu, sangamve kukhala otetezeka kwathunthu.

- Tinthu tating'ono ta HDL sitingathe kulandira mafuta m'thupi kuchokera ku khoma la mtsempha wamagazi kapena kusakhala ndi antioxidant zomwe zimalepheretsa LDL cholesterol kuti ikhale oxidizing. Monga mukudziwa, mawonekedwe ake oxidized ndi atherogenic kwambiri (atherogenic) - akutero Prof. Barbara Cybulska.

Chotsani atherosulinosis: kufunikira kochita masewera olimbitsa thupi

Mwamwayi, palinso nkhani zabwino zochokera kudziko la sayansi zokhudzana ndi HDL, monga kuti kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumapangitsa tinthu tating'ono ta HDL toyambitsa matenda a atherosclerotic.

- Kuti mukwaniritse izi, zomwe mukufunikira ndi mphindi 30 zolimbitsa thupi tsiku lililonse, monga kusambira, kuyenda mwachangu kapena kupalasa njinga. Iyi ndi nkhani yofunika kwambiri, chifukwa mpaka pano palibe mankhwala omwe angachite. Kukhazikika kwa HDL kuyenera kuwonjezeka makamaka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a mtima - akutero Prof. Barbara Cybulska.

Katswiriyu akuwonetsa kuti kuti awonjezere kuchuluka kwa HDL, kuphatikiza pakuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, European Society of Cardiology imalimbikitsanso: kuchepetsa kumwa kwa trans mafuta acid, kusiya kusuta, kuchepetsa kumwa monosaccharides ndi ma disaccharides (shuga wosavuta) komanso kulemera. kuchepetsa.

Koma malinga ndi Prof. Cybulska Munthu sangakhale pansi pa chinyengo chakuti ngakhale HDL yogwira ntchito bwino imatha kukonza zowonongeka zonse zochitidwa ndi mlingo wokwezeka wa kolesterolo wa LDL umene wakhalapo kwa zaka zambiri.

- Choncho, ndikofunika kuteteza kuwonjezeka kwa LDL cholesterol kuyambira ubwana (kudzera mu zakudya zoyenera), ndipo ngati kuwonjezereka, ndikofunikira kuchepetsa (kudzera mu kasamalidwe ka zakudya ndi mankhwala). Mankhwala amathanso kuyambitsa kutsika pang'ono, mwachitsanzo, kuchepa kwa zolembera za atherosclerotic, koma gawo lake la lipid (cholesterol) ndilokhalo lomwe limakhudzidwa. Ndiye cholesterol yochokera m'mitsempha imachepa - akutero Prof. Barbara Cybulska.

Izi ndizofunikira makamaka pokhudzana ndi zolembera zazing'ono za atherosclerotic, chifukwa nthawi zambiri zimathyoka ndikuyambitsa magazi owopsa (omwe amatha kuletsa kutuluka kwa magazi ndikuyambitsa matenda a mtima kapena sitiroko).

“Izi zili choncho chifukwa chakuti ma plaque ang’onoang’ono amakhala ndi cholesterol yambiri, koma alibe zotchingira ulusi wowateteza ku magazi. Ponena za ma plaque akale, owerengeka, a fibrous, amathanso kuchepa, koma m'gawo la cholesterol - akutero katswiri wa IŻŻ.

Mosapeŵeka, mwa achinyamata, zolembera za atherosclerotic nthawi zambiri zimakhalanso zazing'ono. Koma pali zosiyana ndi lamuloli. Tsoka ilo, amathanso kukhala ndi zolembera za atherosulinotic.

- Kudwala kwamtima msanga mwa anthu adakali aang'ono kungakhale zotsatira za hypercholesterolemia ya banja. Mwa anthu otero, atherosulinosis imayamba kuyambira ali mwana, chifukwa mitsempha imakhala ndi mphamvu ya cholesterol yambiri. Ichi ndichifukwa chake aliyense, makamaka anthu omwe amadwala matenda amtima msanga, ayenera kuyezetsa magazi awo a cholesterol, amalimbikitsa Prof. Barbara Cybulska.

1. Zizindikiro za hypercholesterolemia ya m'banja zomwe aliyense ayenera kudziwa [KUFOTOKOZA]

Cholesterol yabwino ndi yoyipa: milingo ndi yotani?

Mukazindikira kuopsa kokhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yokwanira, ndikofunikira kudziwa ma alarm omwe amalumikizidwa nawo.

- Zimaganiziridwa kuti mulingo wa LDL cholesterol m'magazi ndiwotetezeka ku thanzi ndi pansi pa 100 mg / dL, mwachitsanzo pansipa 2,5 mmol / L. dL. Pankhani ya matenda amtima, kuphatikiza matenda amtima (mbiri ya infarction ya myocardial kapena sitiroko), shuga kapena matenda a impso osatha, ndikofunikira kusunga LDL cholesterol pansi pa 70 mg / dL - amalangiza Prof. Barbara Cybulska.

Zofunikirazo ndizokulirapo, kuopsa kwa matenda oopsawa kapena zovuta zawo ndi wodwalayo.

- Pankhani ya cholesterol ya HDL, mtengo wochepera 40 mg / dL, mwachitsanzo, pansi pa 1 mmol / L mwa amuna ndi pansi pa 45 mg / dL, mwachitsanzo, pansi pa 1,2 mmol / L mwa akazi, amawonedwa kuti ndi oyipa, osakwanira kuganizira - amakumbutsa Prof. Barbara Cybulska.

Kodi muli ndi cholesterol yoyipa? Sinthani moyo wanu ndi zakudya zanu

Ngati mukufuna kupewa matenda a lipid ndi atherosulinosis, gwiritsani ntchito malangizo awa momwe mungathere pamoyo wanu watsiku ndi tsiku:

1. masewera olimbitsa thupi (osachepera mphindi 30 masiku 5 pa sabata),
2. zakudya zamasamba (200 g kapena kupitilira apo) ndi zipatso (200 g kapena kupitilira apo)
3. kuchepetsa kudya kwamafuta okhathamira (omwe amakhala olemera kwambiri mumafuta anyama) - makamaka pansi pa 10% mphamvu yatsiku ndi tsiku yomwe amadya ndi chakudya,
4. m'malo mafuta odzaza ndi polyunsaturated mafuta acids (gwero lawo makamaka mafuta amasamba, komanso nsomba zamafuta),
5. kuchepetsa kudya kwamafuta a trans (amaphatikizapo confectionery okonzeka, zakudya zokonzeka pompopompo ndi zakudya zofulumira),
6. sungani mchere wanu pansi pa 5 g patsiku (supuni imodzi yokha),
7. Idyani 30-45 g wa fiber patsiku, makamaka kuchokera kumbewu zonse zambewu,
8. Idyani nsomba 1-2 pa sabata, kuphatikiza yamafuta (monga mackerel, herring, halibut),
9. Idyani 30 g ya mtedza wosadulidwa patsiku (mwachitsanzo, mtedza)
10. kuchepetsa kumwa mowa (ngati mumamwa konse), amuna - mpaka 20 g wa mowa weniweni patsiku, ndi akazi - 10 g,
11. Ndikwabwinonso kuchita popanda zakumwa za shuga palimodzi.