Momwe mungawonjezere peresenti pamtengo mu Excel (chilinganizo)

Dziko lamakono likugwirizana ndi kufunikira kofulumira kwambiri kosinthira deta. Kupatula apo, kuchuluka kwa chidziwitso kukukulirakulira, ndipo malingaliro amunthu sathanso kuwakonza. Kuphatikiza apo, lusoli limatsegula mwayi watsopano mu bizinesi, ntchito komanso moyo wamunthu. Excel ndi chida chosunthika chomwe chimakulolani kuchita pafupifupi chilichonse chomwe chingachitike ndi chidziwitso chomwe mungachiganizire. Pulogalamuyi ndi imodzi mwazinthu zazikulu ngati munthu akufuna kuphunzira kupanga ndalama.

Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri za pulogalamu ya Excel ndikukhazikitsa masamu. Chimodzi mwa izo ndikuwonjezera peresenti ku nambala. Tiyerekeze kuti tikuyang'anizana ndi ntchito yowonjezeretsa gawo linalake ku mtengo wina kuti timvetse kuchuluka kwa malonda akukula ngati peresenti. Kapena mumagwira ntchito ngati wogulitsa kubanki kapena kampani yogulitsa ndalama, ndipo muyenera kumvetsetsa momwe ma quotes kapena ndalama zasinthira katundu atakula ndi peresenti inayake. Lero muphunzira zomwe muyenera kuchita kuti muwonjezere kuchuluka kwa manambala mu spreadsheet. 

Momwe mungawonjezere peresenti ku nambala mu Excel pamanja?

Musanawonjezere peresenti ku nambala mu Excel, muyenera kumvetsetsa momwe ntchitoyi imachitikira masamu. Tonse tikudziwa kuti peresenti ndi zana limodzi mwa nambala. Kuti mumvetse kuchuluka kwa chiwerengero chimodzi kuchokera ku china, muyenera kugawa chaching'ono ndi chachikulu ndikuchulukitsa zotsatirazo ndi zana.

Popeza kuti peresenti ndi zana limodzi la nambala, tikhoza kusintha chiwerengero ku chiwerengero cha chiwerengero mwa kungogawaniza chiwerengerocho ndi 100. Mwachitsanzo, ngati tifunika kusintha 67% kukhala nambala, ndiye kuti titatha kugawa, timapeza 0,67. Choncho, nambalayi ingagwiritsidwe ntchito powerengera. 

Mwachitsanzo, ngati tikufuna kudziwa chiwerengero china cha nambala. Pankhaniyi, ndikwanira kuti tichulukitse chiwerengero A ndi mtengo wa digito wa chiwerengerocho. Ngati tifunika kumvetsetsa kuchuluka kwa 67% ya 100, ndiye kuti ndondomekoyi ndi iyi:

100*0,67=67. Ndiye kuti, 67 peresenti ya 100 ndi 67.

Ngati tikufunika kuwonjezera peresenti ku nambala, ndiye kuti ntchitoyi ikuchitika m'njira ziwiri:

1. Choyamba, timapeza nambala yomwe idzakhala peresenti ya chiwerengerocho.
2. Pambuyo pake, timawonjezera nambala yotsatila ku choyambirira.

Zotsatira zake, timapeza njira zotsatirazi:

X=Y+Y*%.

Tiyeni tifotokoze chilichonse mwa zigawo izi:

X ndiye chotsatira chomalizidwa, chopezedwa pambuyo powonjezera chiwerengero cha chiwerengerocho.

Y ndi nambala yoyamba.

% ndiye kuchuluka kwamtengo wofunikira kuwonjezeredwa.

Kuti mukwaniritse izi, muyenera kusintha masamu kukhala fomula ya Excel, ndiye kuti, bweretsani mumtundu woyenera. Mitundu iliyonse ya Excel imayamba ndi = chizindikiro, kenako manambala, zingwe, mawu omveka, ndi zina zotero. Choncho, n'zotheka kupeza mafomu ovuta kwambiri kutengera manambala omwe amapezeka chifukwa cha kuwonjezeka kwa chiwerengero china.

Tiyerekeze kuti tifunika kupeza nambala pambuyo poti maperesenti awonjezedwa. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kuyika fomula mu cell kapena formula bar. Timapereka template, muyenera kusinthanitsa mtengo womwe umagwirizana ndi nkhaniyo. 

= mtengo + nambala * mtengo waperesenti%

Monga mukuonera, kugwiritsa ntchito fomula sikovuta nkomwe. Choyamba muyenera kulemba chizindikiro chofanana, ndiyeno lowetsani deta. Ndondomekoyi kwenikweni ndi yofanana ndi imene inalembedwa m’mabuku a kusukulu. Tiyeni titenge chitsanzo chosavuta kuti tifotokozere. Tinene kuti tili ndi nambala 250. Tiyenera kuwonjezera 10% kwa iyo. Pankhaniyi, njira yowerengera idzakhala motere:

=250+250*10%.

Tikasindikiza batani la Enter kapena dinani pa selo ina iliyonse, tidzakhala ndi mtengo 275 wolembedwa mu selo yoyenera.

Mutha kuyeserera pa nthawi yopuma ndi manambala ena aliwonse. Mwambiri, maphunziro akulimbikitsidwa kuphatikiza chidziwitso pamutu uliwonse. Zimakuthandizani kuti mumvetsetse bwino ngakhale mbali zovuta kwambiri zogwiritsira ntchito ma spreadsheets.

Kuonjezera chiwerengero ku nambala pogwiritsa ntchito fomula

Inde, mukhoza pamanja kuchita masamu. Koma ndi bwino kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito chilinganizo, chifukwa mu nkhani iyi mukhoza kuchita masamu ndi mfundo zimene zili kale mu tebulo.

Choyamba muyenera kumvetsetsa mu cell yomwe fomulayo idzasinthira chidziwitsocho ndikuwonetsa zotsatira zomaliza.

Pambuyo pake, timayamba kulowetsa chilinganizo, kusonyeza = chizindikiro. Pambuyo pake, timadina pa selo lomwe lili ndi mtengo woyambirira. Kenako, timalemba chizindikiro +, pambuyo pake timadinanso pa selo lomwelo, yonjezerani chizindikiro chochulukitsa (asterisk *), ndikuwonjezera pamanja chizindikiro cha peresenti. 

M'mawu osavuta, kugwiritsa ntchito fomula ndikosavuta monga kugwiritsa ntchito pamanja. Zambiri zikasintha m'maselo, detayo idzawerengedwanso.

Zimangokhala kukanikiza Enter, ndipo zotsatira zake zidzawonetsedwa mu selo.

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa mafomula m'maspredishiti ndi masamu chabe? Choyamba, kuti amagwiritsa ntchito zomwe zili m'maselo ena, ndipo zotsatira zake zikhoza kupezedwa osati kuchokera ku masamu, komanso kuchokera kuzinthu zomveka. Komanso, ma fomula a Excel amatha kugwira ntchito pamawu, deti, ndikusintha pafupifupi njira iliyonse yomwe imabweretsa zotsatira zake. Ndiko kuti, iwo amadziwika ndi chilengedwe chonse. Chinthu chachikulu musaiwale kulemba mtundu wolondola wa deta.

Musanagwiritse ntchito mafomu aliwonse okhala ndi maperesenti, muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti maselo akugwiritsa ntchito mtundu wolondola wa data. Ndiye kuti, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito, kutengera mtundu wa data, kaya nambala kapena kuchuluka.

Momwe mungawonjezere peresenti kuzinthu zonse mugawo lonse

Pali zochitika tikakhala ndi tebulo lomwe limadzaza kwambiri ndi deta, ndipo momwemo, kuwonjezera pa zikhalidwe zoyambira, maperesenti amawonetsedwanso mugawo lina. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, maperesentiwo amatha kusiyana malinga ndi mzere. Pankhaniyi, muyenera kuchita zotsatirazi:

1. Ndipotu palibe chovuta. Mayendedwe a zochita ndi ofanana, koma m'malo mwa kuchuluka kwake, muyenera kupereka ulalo ku selo.
   

2. Tikasindikiza batani la Enter, timapeza zotsatira zotsatirazi.
   

3. Tikayika fomula mu selo limodzi, titha kufalitsa ku mizere yonse yotsalayo pogwiritsa ntchito chogwirira cha autocomplete. Ili ndi lalikulu mu ngodya yakumanja ya cell. Mukachikokera kumanzere kapena pansi, chilinganizocho chimasamutsidwa kumaselo ena onse. Izi zimangolowetsa maulalo onse ndi olondola. Zosavuta, sichoncho?

Chiwembuchi ndi chosavuta ngati mutaphunzira kugwiritsa ntchito cholembera cha autocomplete. Tikuwona kuti ndizotheka kusunga zofunikira zonse m'maselo. Lamuloli limagwiranso ntchito pamitundu ina yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Cholembera cha autocomplete chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kukulunga fomula iliyonse.

Zitsanzo zowonjezera peresenti ku nambala mu Excel

Zitsanzo zenizeni zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kumvetsetsa momwe kuwonjezera peresenti ku nambala kumagwirira ntchito. Simuyenera kupita kutali chifukwa cha iwo. Tiyerekeze kuti ndinu wowerengera ndalama, ndipo mwapatsidwa ntchito yowerengera kuchuluka kwa malipiro omwe awonjezeka. Kapena muyenera kuyang'ana phindu la gawo lomaliza, yerekezerani ndi zomwe zilipo panopa, ndiyeno, pogwiritsa ntchito deta iyi, muwerengere kuwonjezeka kapena kuchepa kwa phindu ngati peresenti.

Tiyeni tipereke zitsanzo zingapo za momwe kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa manambala mu Excel kumagwirira ntchito pamanja komanso pang'onopang'ono. Tsoka ilo, njirayi singakhale yokha yokha pokhapokha ngati njira zina zitagwiritsidwa ntchito. Koma mukhoza kupanga selo kukhala ndi peresenti kapena kutenga kuchokera ku maselo ena powerengera.

Chitsanzo chowerengera ma cell

Tiyeni tipereke chitsanzo cha mawerengedwe omwe amachitidwa mwachindunji mu selo. Ndiko kuti, njira yamanja. Zidzakhala zothandiza ngati zomwe mukufuna sizipezeka mu selo. Chabwino, kapena ngati deta iyi yaperekedwa mu mawonekedwe osiyana, mwachitsanzo, m'malemba. Pankhaniyi, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito ndondomeko zotsatirazi:

1. Tsegulani spreadsheet yomwe mukufuna kuwerengera. Mtundu wovomerezeka ndi xlsx, chifukwa ndi womwe umagwirizana kwambiri ndi mitundu yaposachedwa ya Excel ndipo umathandizira zonse zomwe zili m'matembenuzidwe aposachedwa a pulogalamuyi. Ndikothekanso kupanga spreadsheet kuyambira poyambira. 
2. Dinani kawiri kumanzere pa selo. Ikhoza kukhala chirichonse, chofunika kwambiri ndi chakuti ilibe chidziwitso chilichonse. Komanso, ndikofunikira kulingalira kuti zilembo zina ndi zosawoneka. Mwachitsanzo, pakhoza kukhala mipata, mizere yatsopano, ndi zilembo zina zosasindikiza. Choncho, ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito selo yotereyi kuntchito, zolakwika ndizotheka. Kuti muchotse, muyenera kukanikiza Del kapena Backspace key.
3. Matani fomula yofananira ndi chithunzi pamwambapa mu selo. Ndiye kuti, choyamba muyenera kuyika chizindikiro chofanana, kenako lembani nambala, kenaka yikani +, kenako nambala yomweyo, kenaka ikani chizindikiro chochulukitsa (*), ndiyeno mwachindunji peresenti yokha. Musaiwale kuyika chizindikiro pamapeto pake, apo ayi pulogalamuyo siyingamvetsetse kuti muyenera kuwonjezera kuchuluka ndikuwonjezera nambala yomwe yalembedwa pamenepo. Mwachibadwa, izi zidzasokoneza zotsatira zomaliza. 
4. Tiyerekeze kuti tili ndi nambala 286 ndipo tifunika kuwonjezera 15% kuti tipeze zotsatira zake. Pankhaniyi, mu selo lopanda kanthu, muyenera kulowa chilinganizo = 286 + 286 * 15%.
   

5. Mukalowa fomula, dinani batani la Enter. Mu selo lomwelo momwe ndondomekoyi idalowetsedwa, zotsatira zomaliza zidzawonetsedwa, zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuwerengera kwina.

Chitsanzo chogwira ntchito ndi ma cell

Ngati muli ndi tebulo lomwe limatchula deta, ndiye kuti zinthu zimayenda mosavuta. Njirayi imakhala yofanana, m'malo mwa manambala, mutha kupereka maulalo kuma cell oyenera. Tiyeni tipereke chitsanzo chosavuta cha momwe izi zingagwiritsidwire ntchito. 

1. Tiyerekeze kuti tili ndi tebulo lomwe limafotokoza ndalama zogulitsa zinthu zina kwa nthawi inayake. Ntchito yathu ndikupeza phindu lofanana la ndalama, koma panthawi imodzimodzi ndi kuwonjezeka ndi peresenti inayake. Mofanana ndi chitsanzo chapitachi, kulemba chilinganizo kumayamba ndi kusankha selo limene lidzalembedwemo, kudina kawiri pa mbewa ndi kulemba fomula pamanja. Pankhaniyi, simungathe kungodinanso ma cell, komanso lembani adilesi yoyenera pamanja. Izi zidzapulumutsa nthawi yambiri ngati munthuyo ali womasuka ndi kiyibodi. 
2. Mu chitsanzo chathu, formula ingakhale: =C2+C2*20%. Fomu iyi imapangitsa kuti zitheke kuwonjezera 20% pamtengowo. 
3. Pomaliza, kuti muwerenge, muyenera kukanikiza batani la Enter. 

Zofunika! Ngati chiwerengerocho chili mu selo, ndiye musanalowe mu fomuyi, muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti ili mumtundu uliwonse. Apo ayi, padzakhalanso kupotoza.

Chifukwa chake, muyenera kudziwa momwe mungapangire selo ngati peresenti. Kuti muchite izi, tsatirani izi:

1. Sankhani gawo lonse lomwe lili ndi zambiri zama cell. Kuti muchite izi, dinani mutu wake, kenako dinani pagawo lomwe mwasankha ndi batani lakumanja la mbewa. Kenako, mndandanda wa ntchito udzawonekera, koma tili ndi chidwi ndi yomwe yasainidwa ngati "Cell Format".
2. A zenera ndi zoikamo maonekedwe adzaoneka. Pali ma tabo ambiri, koma tiyenera kuonetsetsa kuti tabu "Nambala" yatsegulidwa. Monga lamulo, idzatsegulidwa kale nthawi yomwe mutsegula bokosi la zokambirana. Kumanzere kwa chinsalu padzakhala gulu la "Mawonekedwe a Nambala", komwe timakondwera ndi mtundu wa "Percentage".
3. Wogwiritsanso ali ndi kuthekera kokhazikitsa kuchuluka kwa zilembo kuti ziwonetsedwe pambuyo pa decimal. Ndiye kuti, mutha kuzungulira gawo laling'ono kukhala manambala ena.

Tikuwona kuti palibe zovuta. Mukungoyenera kumvetsetsa momwe deta imapangidwira mu Excel, mawonekedwe omwe alipo komanso zomwe angakhale nazo. Ngati muchita izi, simungafunikire kudziwa zonse. Kupatula apo, ndikokwanira kumvetsetsa malingaliro a njira za Excel, ndipo zotsatira zake sizingakupangitseni kuyembekezera.