Momwe mungalumikizire njanji yotenthetsera thaulo ndi manja anu

Zipinda zamakono zili kale, monga lamulo, nthawi yomweyo zimakhala ndi zitsulo zonyezimira pazitsulo zomanga. Komabe, okhalamo mwina sangakonde mawonekedwe awo kapena malo awo amkati. Zingakhalenso zofunikira kukhazikitsa zipangizo zowonjezera, kuwonjezera apo, zimatha kulephera, ndiyeno m'malo mwake sikulinso zofuna, koma ndizofunikira.

Zowumitsira thaulo nthawi zambiri zimayikidwa m'mabafa kapena mabafa, koma iyi si chiphunzitso, ndipo mutha kuziyika paliponse m'zipinda zogona kapena zothandizira. Zonse zimadalira zolinga, zolinga, zothandizira komanso ngakhale malingaliro. Njanji yotenthetsera thaulo imafunikira osati zowumitsa zowuma kapena zinthu zina za nsalu, zimathandizanso kulimbana ndi chinyezi chochulukirapo, chomwe chili chofunikira kwambiri pazipinda zosambira. Zimatenthetsanso mpweya, ngakhale izi siziri cholinga chachindunji cha chipangizochi.

Njanji yotenthetsera thaulo ndi chinthu chotenthetsera chomwe chimakhala ndi mabwalo amodzi kapena angapo. Malinga ndi mtundu wa zoziziritsa kukhosi, ndi madzi, magetsi komanso kuphatikiza. Mu mtundu woyamba, monga momwe dzinalo limatanthawuzira, choziziritsa ndi madzi ochokera ku makina otenthetsera kapena madzi otentha (DHW). Zamagetsi zimakhala ndi chingwe chotenthetsera ("zowuma" zowuma towulo), kapena madzi amafuta otenthedwa ndi chinthu chotenthetsera ("chonyowa"). Zitsanzo zophatikizidwa ndizophatikiza mitundu iwiri yoyamba. Kenako, tikuwuzani momwe mungalumikizire mwaokha chilichonse mwa zida izi.

Akonzi a "Chakudya Chathanzi Pafupi Ndi Ine" amatengera chidwi chanu kuti malangizo omwe ali pansipa ndi ofotokozera, ndipo ntchito yotereyi imafunikira luso ndi chidziwitso pamipope ndi ntchito zamagetsi. Ngati mulibe chidaliro pa luso lanu, onetsetsani kuti ntchito imeneyi kwa akatswiri. Nthawi zina, kutenga nawo mbali kwa akatswiri kudzafunika.

Malangizo a pang'onopang'ono polumikiza njanji yamagetsi yamagetsi

Malangizo onse

Kulumikiza njanji yamagetsi yamagetsi ndikotsika mtengo komanso koyenera ngati sikungatheke kukhazikitsa mapaipi a chipangizo chamadzi kapena palibe chikhumbo chofuna kutero. Chida chamagetsi sichimadzaza ndi kuopsa kwa kutayikira. Komabe, lingaliro lakuti ndikokwanira kugwetsa njanji yotenthetsera chopukutira pakhoma ndikuyiyika pachotulukira ndi cholakwika kwambiri.

Zida Zofunikira

Kuti muyike njanji yotentha yamagetsi mufunika:

• Kubowola nyundo kapena kubowola kwamphamvu
• Screwdriver kapena screwdriver
• Hammer
• wolamulira
• Mulingo wa
• Pensulo kapena chikhomo
  

Kuyika ndi kuyatsa kuyenera kuchitidwa ndi akatswiri okha ndipo si nkhani ya nkhaniyi.

Kusankha malo oti muyikepo

• Kuyika njanji yamagetsi yotenthetsera njanji kumafuna kutsatiridwa mopanda malire ndi malamulo achitetezo amagetsi, kotero kuyika kwake mosasamala sikuloledwa. Ngati tikukamba za malo okhala, mwachitsanzo, chipinda, ndiye kuti zofunikira zimakhala zochepa kwambiri, ndipo pankhani ya bafa kapena khitchini, zimakhala zosadziwika bwino.
• Njanji yamagetsi yotenthetsera thaulo iyenera kutetezedwa modalirika ku chinyezi; sayenera kuikidwa pafupi ndi gwero la madzi.
• Opanga angapo amapereka mtunda wochepera wovomerezeka: 0.6 m kuchokera m'mphepete mwa bafa, beseni losambira kapena kanyumba kosambira, 0.2 m kuchokera pansi, 0.15 mita iliyonse kuchokera padenga ndi makoma.
• Chipangizocho chiyenera kuyikidwa pafupi ndi potengera magetsi. Ndizoletsedwa kukulitsa waya womwe umabwera ndi chipangizocho, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zingwe zowonjezera zosiyanasiyana.

Kugwiritsa ntchito netiweki

• Chotenthetsera thaulo chamagetsi chimatha kulumikizidwa ku chotengera chamagetsi kapena pa bolodi pogwiritsa ntchito chingwe cha mawaya atatu.
• Ngati tikukamba za bafa, ndiye kuti zitsulo kapena chishango chiyenera kukhazikitsidwa pamtunda wa masentimita 25 kuchokera pansi.
• Onetsetsani kuti soketi kapena chishango chikugwirizana ndi RCD (chida chotsalira chamakono) ndipo chili ndi nthaka.
• Mawaya obisika okhawo amaloledwa, makamaka akafika ku bafa.
• Musayike chipangizocho pansi pa magetsi. Socket iyenera kukhala pambali kapena pansi pamtunda wa 20-30 cm kuchokera pa njanji yopukutira.
• Kugwiritsa ntchito chipangizocho mu bafa kapena khitchini ndi kotheka kokha ndi socket-proof socket. Kutuluka koteroko kumapita mkati mwa khoma, ndipo chophimba chapadera chimapangidwira kuti madzi asalowemo.

unsembe

• Onetsetsani kuti pakuyika njanji yotenthetsera thaulo, zonse zomwe zili pamwambapa zitha kukwaniritsidwa.
• Musanayambe unsembe, kuyatsa chipangizo mu maukonde ndi kuonetsetsa kuti ntchito.
• Gwirizanitsani mabulaketi ku njanji yotentha.
• Gwirizanitsani chipangizocho ndi mabakiteriya ku khoma, fufuzani kufanana kwa malo ake mu ndege yopingasa ndi mlingo.
• Pangani zolemba zofunika pakhoma ndi pensulo kapena cholembera chomveka ndikubowola mabowo.
• Ikani ma dowels ndikuyika chipangizocho pakhoma.

Malangizo a pang'onopang'ono polumikiza njanji yamadzi otentha

Malangizo onse

• Miyezo yonse yofunikira, kugula zida zosinthira, ma adapter, ma couplings ndi mbali zina ziyenera kupangidwa mosamalitsa isanayambe ntchito.
• Kulumikizana ndi makina otenthetsera nthawi zambiri sikutheka popanda kutengapo mbali kwa akatswiri. Chowonadi ndi chakuti pakuyika njanji yotenthetsera madzi (komanso kugwetsa zida zakale), ndikofunikira kutseka madzi otentha mudongosolo, ndipo izi sizingachitike nokha.
• Zolumikiza zonse za ulusi ziyenera kusindikizidwa ndi bafuta kapena ulusi wa mabomba; mphamvu yochulukirapo siyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pomangitsa zolumikizira.
• Dera lililonse lamadzi (njanji yotenthetsera thaulo ndizosiyana) ndi chiopsezo cha kutayikira. Makampani ena a inshuwaransi amati kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka kwa katundu chifukwa cha kutayikira kumaposa kutayika kwa kuba. Tikukulimbikitsani kukhazikitsa njira yotetezera kutayikira - "imangozindikira" kutuluka ndipo, ngati kuli kofunikira, kutseka madzi.
• Musanayambe ntchito, musanayambe kudula mu chokwera kapena chitoliro chachikulu, tikulimbikitsidwa kupanga "zaukali" kukhazikitsa kuti mumvetse kuti mbali zonse zimagwirizana. Mfundo yoti “yezerani maulendo zana limodzi” ndiyofunika kwambiri pano.
• Musanalembe pakhoma ndi kubowola mabowo m'mabokosi, kuyika "kwaukali" kumalimbikitsidwanso kuti mumvetsetse momwe njanji yotenthetsera idzakhalire komanso komwe mabowo ayenera kubowoledwa.

Zida Zofunikira

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito, mufunika zida zotsatirazi (mndandandawu siwokwanira):

• Hacksaw
• Chibugariya
• Akufa
• Gasi ndi ma wrenches osinthika kapena ma plumbing pliers
• Kubowola nyundo kapena kubowola kwamphamvu kokhala ndi konkriti ndi matailosi
• Screwdriver yokhala ndi Phillips ndi ma bits olowa kapena screwdriver
• Lumo lodula mapaipi a polypropylene
• Chitsulo chowotchera cha mapaipi a polypropylene
• Mapulogalamu
• Hammer
• Mulingo wa
• roleti
• Pensulo kapena chikhomo
• Tow, ulusi wa plumbing ndi ma plumbing phala.
  

Musanayambe kuyika, onetsetsani kuti mwagula zida zonse zofunika, zolumikizira, zopindika, ma stopcocks, zomangira ndi zida zina zosinthira.

Kusankha njira yolumikizira

• Njanji yotenthetsera yopukutira imalumikizidwa mwina ndi makina a DHW kapena makina otenthetsera apakati, kukhala gawo lake.
• Kulumikizana ndi dongosolo la DHW ndikosavuta kuchita nokha. Pankhaniyi, chipangizochi chikugwirizana ndi mndandanda kapena mofanana, zomwe pamapeto pake zingakhudze kuthamanga ndi kutentha kwa madzi otentha. Mukalumikizidwa mndandanda, zimagwira ntchito pokhapokha madzi otentha akagwiritsidwa ntchito.
• Kulumikizana ndi makina otentha apakati. Ndi kugwirizana kwamtunduwu, chipangizo chatsopanocho chimayikidwa, monga lamulo, mofanana ndi chitoliro chapakati chotenthetsera pogwiritsa ntchito ulusi ndi matepi, ndipo nthawi zambiri - kuwotcherera.

Kugwetsa zida zakale

• Ngati njanji yakale yotenthetsera thaulo imapanga choyimira chimodzi ndi chokwera, ndiye kuti imadulidwa ndi chopukusira. Mukamadula, kumbukirani kuti mbali zotsalira za mapaipi ziyenera kukhala zotalika mokwanira kuti zitheke (ngati mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito ulusi).
• Ngati chipangizocho chili pa kugwirizana kwa ulusi, ndiye kuti chiyenera kuchotsedwa mosamala. Pazochitika zonse zoyamba ndi zachiwiri, choyamba ndikofunika kutseka madzi mu chokwera (kukhudzana ndi kampani yoyang'anira kuti mumve zambiri).
• Ngati pali ma valve a mpira polowera ndi kutuluka kwa njanji yotenthetsera thaulo, ndiye kuti sikoyenera kuzimitsa madzi muzokwera - zimitsani zolowera ndi zotulutsa. Ndiye mosamala kusagwirizana ndi wononga kugwirizana kapena kudula mkangano chopukutira njanji. Kumbukirani kuti ngati mulibe cholowera (chodumpha kutsogolo kwa mapaipi olowera ndi otuluka a njanji yotenthetsera thaulo), ndiye kuti potseka polowera ndi potuluka, mudzatsekereza chokwera. Ngati simukudziwa zomwe mwachita, onetsetsani kuti mwalumikizana ndi kampani yoyang'anira.
• Kenako, chipangizo chakale chiyenera kuchotsedwa kapena kudulidwa kuchokera m'mabulaketi.

Kuyika njanji yatsopano yotenthetsera pamipando yakale

• Chitani "zaukali" kukhazikitsa njanji yotenthetsera chopukutira ndikuyika mabulaketi ake pakhoma, ndikuyang'ana kwambiri kufananiza kwa chipangizocho mopingasa.
• Chotsani njanji yopukutira yopukutira ndikubowola mabowo ndi puncher kapena kubowola, ikani ma dowels mmenemo.
• Ngati malo olowera ndi kutulutsa mapaipi a njanji yotenthetsera yopukutira ikugwirizana ndi malo omwe adaphwanyidwa, ndiye kuti alumikizane ndi malo ogulitsira kuchokera ku chokwera pogwiritsa ntchito maulalo a ulusi. Timalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito maulalo a ulusi chifukwa cha kusamalidwa bwino.
• Ngati akale mkangano chopukutira njanji anali welded pa, ndipo mukufuna kuika latsopano pa ulusi kugwirizana, m`pofunika kudula chitoliro ulusi pa malo ogulitsira kuchokera riser.
• Pamene kugwirizana kwa nozzles wa mkangano chopukutira njanji ndi malo ogulitsira kuchokera riser watha, mwamphamvu kukoka chipangizo pakhoma.

Malumikizidwe atsopano, kuwotcherera mapaipi ndi zolembera m'mabulaketi

• Ngati mukuyika kuyambira pachimake kapena magawo a njanji yotenthetsera thaulo amasiyana ndi yakale, choyamba dulani chokweracho mpaka kutalika kofunikira. Kutalika kuyenera kuwerengedwa poganizira kutalika kwa zolumikizira ndi ma adapter omwe mapaipi olowera ndi otuluka a njanji yotenthetsera amatha kulumikizidwa ndi chokwera.
• Pakalipano, mapaipi a polypropylene afala kwambiri m'mapaipi, ndipo ndi ma plumbers awo omwe amalangiza kuti azigwiritsa ntchito chifukwa chosavuta kukhazikitsa ndi kudalirika. Mapaipi oterowo amalumikizidwa ndi mipope kapena mapaipi achitsulo pogwiritsa ntchito zolumikizira, ndipo pakati pawo - zowongoka zowongoka ndi ngodya pogwiritsa ntchito chitsulo chapadera cha soldering (kutentha kovomerezeka - 250-280 ° C). Komabe, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mapaipi achitsulo okhazikika.
• Powerengera malo a mapaipi olowera ndi kutulutsa, pitilizani kuti akuyenera kukhala osalala, opanda hump ndi mapindika (amasokoneza mayendedwe amadzi), komanso amakhala ndi otsetsereka osachepera 3 mm pa mita.
• Ndibwino kuti muyike njanji yotenthetsera thaulo pafupi ndi chokwera kapena chitoliro chachikulu kuti muchepetse kutentha. Kuyika pa mtunda wa mamita oposa awiri sikungatheke.
• Chitani "zaukali" kukhazikitsa kuti mumvetse bwino lomwe muyenera kulemba mabowo a zomangira.
• Chongani khoma, kubowola mabowo ndikuyikamo ma dowels. Samalani kwambiri kuti chipangizocho chiyenera kukhala mu ndege yopingasa.

Kuyika kwa bypass, mavavu a mpira ndi crane ya Mayevsky

• Bypass ndi chodumphira kutsogolo kwa mapaipi olowera ndi otuluka a njanji yotenthetsera thaulo. Imayikidwa kutsogolo kwa mavavu a mpira, omwe amaikidwa mwachindunji pamphuno za njanji yopukutira. Njira yothetsera vutoli imakulolani kuti mutseke kutuluka kwa madzi mu njanji yotentha ya thaulo, popanda kusokoneza ntchito ya riser yokha. Kuyika kwa matepi olowera ndi kutulutsa popanda chodutsitsa kumakhumudwitsidwa kwambiri, chifukwa kumatha kusokoneza magwiridwe antchito a kutentha.
• Njira yodutsayo imawotchedwa kapena yopukutidwa ndi chokwera kapena chitoliro chachikulu; ulusi "matees" ali oyenererana ndi ulusi wolumikizana. Ndi bwino kuti kulambalala chitoliro awiri kukhala ang'onoang'ono kuposa waukulu chitoliro awiri.
• Kutalika kwa mavavu a mpira pamalo olowera ndi potuluka kuyenera kufanana ndi mainchesi a njanji yopukutira thaulo. Kuphatikiza pa ma valve a mpira, ma valve opopera amatha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa madzi omwe akubwera.
• Chowonjezera chothandizira pa njanji yotenthetsera njanji ndi faucet ya Mayevsky. Imayikidwa kumtunda kwa chipangizocho (mwachitsanzo, kutsogolo kwa valavu yapamwamba ya mpira) ndipo imathandizira kuchotsa mpweya wochuluka kuchokera ku dongosolo. Maloko a mpweya amalepheretsa kufalikira kwa madzi ndipo, chifukwa chake, kutentha kwabwino kwa chipangizocho.
• Pamene maulumikizidwe onse apangidwa, njanji yotenthetsera thaulo iyenera kukhazikika pakhoma.

Kusankha njira yolumikizirana

Udindo wofunikira umaseweredwa ndi chiwembu cholumikizira. Pali mitundu itatu yayikulu yolumikizira: mbali, pansi, diagonal. Kusankhidwa kwa chiwembu makamaka kumadalira chitsanzo cha chipangizocho, komanso momwe mapaipi adayikidwa poyamba m'chipindamo. Chowonadi ndi chakuti ma adapter ambiri amawonjezera chiopsezo cha kutayikira, ndipo kupindika kwina kulikonse kumasokoneza kayendedwe ka madzi.

Njira yam'mbali ndiyomwe imakonda kwambiri "njoka", njanji za M- ndi U-zoboola pakati, pomwe kulumikizana ndi madzi kumakhala pambali. Kwa "makwerero" sankhani kulumikizana kwa diagonal, mbali kapena pansi.

Mawonekedwe a kulumikiza njanji yophatikizana yotenthetsera thaulo

Njanji yosakanikirana yotenthetsera imapangidwa molingana ndi mfundo ya "ziwiri mwa imodzi": imakhala ndi gawo la madzi ndi magetsi. Mtundu uwu wa njanji yowotchera ndi yabwino kwambiri: simudalira kukhalapo kwa madzi otentha mu mipope, kuthamanga, ndi zina zotero. Izi ndi zoona makamaka ngati zigawo zamagetsi ndi madzi a chipangizocho ndi odziimira okha.

Njanji zotenthetsera thaulo zotere ndizokwera mtengo, kuwonjezera apo, zofunikira ndi ma aligorivimu olumikizira omwe amafanana ndi zida zamagetsi ndi zamadzi zimagwira ntchito kwa iwo. Akatswiri amalangiza kutsatira ndondomeko zotsatirazi:

• Choyamba, ntchito zonse zokhudzana ndi kugwirizana kwa makina otenthetsera kapena madzi otentha, zomwe zafotokozedwa m'mutuwu pazitsulo zamadzi otentha, zimachitidwa.
• Pambuyo cheke wathunthu operability ndi chitetezo kugwirizana madzi, m`pofunika kupitiriza ndi mawaya.

Malangizo a Katswiri

Chakudya Chathanzi Pafupi Ndi Ine chinatembenukira kwa injiniya wotsogolera Yuri Epifanov ndi pempho kuti afotokoze mfundo zovuta posankha ndikuyika njanji zotenthetsera zopukutira, komanso kuyankha mafunso otchuka.

Mtundu wa njanji yotenthetsera matawulo ndi gawo lofunikira lomwe mungayambe kusankha. Ngati chipinda chanu chakhala chikugwirizana ndi njanji yamoto, kapena ngati n'zosavuta kuchita, ndiye kuti ndizomveka kulumikiza chitsanzo cha madzi. Ngati kupanga eyeliner ndi okwera mtengo (mwachitsanzo, chokwera kapena chitoliro chachikulu chimamangidwa pakhoma), ndiye chitsanzo chamagetsi ndicho kusankha kwanu. Kuchita ntchito yofunikira yamagetsi pankhaniyi ndikuwonekeratu kuti ndizoipa kwambiri.

Opanga magetsi otenthetsera matawulo amagetsi nthawi zambiri amawonetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kwa chipangizocho, pomwe mphamvu yeniyeni yowotcha imatha kukhala yotsika.

M'pofunikanso kuganizira zina kamangidwe. Mwachitsanzo, ngati njanji yotenthetsera thaulo ikhala yoyima kapena yokhala ndi magawo osuntha. Ngati mukufuna njira yachiwiri, ndi bwino kusankha chitsanzo chamagetsi.

Malingana ndi momwe mapaipi alili m'chipinda chanu, mukhoza kusankha khoma kapena chitsanzo chapansi. Pomaliza, muyenera kusankha pa mawonekedwe ndi kukula kwake. Kukula kumasankhidwa potengera miyeso ya chipindacho, ndipo mawonekedwe ("njoka", "makwerero", U, M, E) ndi nkhani yabwino komanso yokoma. Koma kukula kwake ndi kumtunda kwafupipafupi kwa mapaipi kapena kupindika kwa chitoliro chimodzi, chipangizochi chimatulutsa kutentha kwambiri (izi ndi zoona kwa madzi ndi zitsanzo zophatikizidwa).

Pankhani ya zinthu zopangira, zowotchera thaulo zopangidwa ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, mkuwa ndi mkuwa zadziwonetsa bwino kwambiri. Muyenera kuyesa kusankha chitsanzo chomwe mapaipi amapangidwa popanda seams longitudinal (akhoza kuwoneka ngati muyang'ana mkati mwa chitoliro). Kukula koyenera kwa makoma a chitoliro kumayambira 2 mm. Musanagule, muyenera kufufuza mosamala mankhwalawo: zowotcherera ziyenera kukhala zofanana, zopindika ziyenera kukhala zosalala, popanda deformation.

Mafunso ndi mayankho otchuka