Momwe Mungasungire Nyumba ndi Kupeza Ndalama mu 2022

Mapulogalamu a ngongole otetezedwa ndi nyumba mu 2022 ndi odziwika ndipo amapezeka pafupifupi banki iliyonse. Cholinga chawo ndi chakuti bungwe la ngongole limapereka ndalama kwa kasitomala, ndikuvomereza katundu wake ngati chikole mpaka atabweza ngongoleyo mokwanira. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, mukhoza kukhala m'nyumba, koma sizingatheke kugulitsa kapena kusinthanitsa mpaka banki itachotsa katunduyo. Tikukuuzani momwe mungabwereke nyumba ndikuchitapo kanthu sitepe ndi sitepe - kuchokera pamalingaliro a ndondomeko mpaka kulandira ndalama. 

Mfundo zazikuluzikulu za kubwereketsa nyumba 

Zofunikira za nyumba yobwereketsa

Banki iliyonse ili ndi zofunikira zake za chikole. Ena ali okonzeka kulandira zipinda zokha. Ena amawona magawo m'nyumba zogona, zipinda zogona, nyumba, nyumba zamatauni, nthawi zina ngakhale nyumba zazing'ono zachilimwe ndi magalasi. Zofunikira pa chinthucho zidzadalira mtundu wake.  

House

Nthawi zambiri, mabanki amafuna kuti ntchito yomanga ithe kumaliza, ndipo nyumbayo imakhala yokonzeka kukhalamo. Nthawi zina ntchito yomanga ikuchitika ikhoza kuvomerezedwa ngati chikole ngati mauthenga achitika kale mmenemo ndipo pali ntchito. Pankhaniyi, kukhalapo kwa gasi sikofunikira. Nyumbayo yokha iyenera kulembedwa ngati nyumba yokhalamo. Apanso, mabanki ena ali okonzeka kuganizira za "nyumba yokhalamo yopanda ufulu wolembetsa nyumba." 

Ngati nyumbayo ndi yamatabwa, mabanki ena adzaitenga ngati chikole pokhapokha ngati nyumbayo siili yakale kuposa 1985. M'mabanki ena - osapitirira zaka 2000. Kwa nyumba zomangidwa kuchokera ku zipangizo zina, palibe zofunikira zokhwima pa chaka. za zomangamanga. 

Mlingo wa kuvala ndi wofunikanso. Kwa nyumba zamatabwa, siziyenera kupitirira 40%, ndipo mtengo wapakati wa nyumba zopangidwa ndi zipangizo zina ndi 50%. Pali zofunika pa maziko a nyumbayi. Iyenera kukhala yolimba komanso yopangidwa ndi konkriti, njerwa kapena mwala. Kuyika nyumba yoyima pa maziko a mulu sikungagwire ntchito m'mabanki ambiri. 

Bungwe lazachuma limayang'ananso malo omwe nyumbayi ili. Nthawi zambiri, izi ziyenera kukhala kukhazikika komwe, kuwonjezera pa nyumba yobwereketsa, pali nyumba zosachepera zitatu. Kuonjezera apo, pofuna kubwereketsa nyumba mu 2022, iyenera kukhala ndi mwayi wopita chaka chonse, komanso makina osungira madzi osungira, magetsi ochokera ku kampani yamagetsi, kutentha, madzi, chimbudzi ndi bafa. 

Nyumba ya nyumba

Mbali yakutali ya nyumba yogonamo idzatengedwa ngati chikole ngati ili ndi khomo losiyana, adiresi yake ya positi ndi khoma wamba lomwe lili ndi chipika choyandikana nacho chomwe mulibe chitseko. Malinga ndi zolembazo, malowa ayenera kulembedwa ngati chinthu chaumwini. Zosankha zingapo zopangira ndizotheka:

• gawo la nyumba yokhalamo;
• nyumba yomanga matabwa;
• gawo la block;
• gawo la nyumba yokhalamo yocheperako;
• nyumba;
• malo okhala;
• gawo la nyumbayo.

Zofunikira zonse za banki inayake komwe mukufuna kutenga ngongole zitha kupezeka patsamba lake lovomerezeka. Komanso, chidziwitsochi chikhoza kupezeka kwa woyang'anira banki kapena katswiri wothandizira pa foni kapena pa macheza. 

Ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti, mwachiwonekere, sangatenge katundu ngati chikole chomwe chalemedwa kale kapena chomwe chili m'magulu a nyumba zowonongeka kapena zowonongeka. Komanso, banki akhoza kukana ngati eni nyumba anapanga redevelopment ndipo sanali mwalamulo izo. Poganizira za chinthu cholonjeza, banki imayang'anitsitsa kwambiri nyumba zomwe zitha kugwetsedwa m'zaka zikubwerazi. Choyamba, zimakhudza nyumba zamatabwa. 

Ndikoyeneranso kulingalira kuti banki, isanapereke ngongole, ikhoza kulumikizana ndi katswiri wowerengera. Ngati katswiri akupereka malingaliro abwino pa chikhalidwe cha chinthu, mlingo wa kuvala kwake ndi kung'ambika, komanso samaphatikizapo kufunikira kwa kukonzanso ndi zotheka zadzidzidzi, chinthucho chidzavomerezedwa kukhala chikole. Komabe, wobwereka amalipira ntchito za wowerengera, ndipo ndalamazi ziyenera kukonzedweratu pasadakhale.

Malangizo a pang'onopang'ono pakubwereketsa nyumba

Kubwereketsa nyumba ndikupeza ndalama ndikovuta pang'ono kuposa kutenga ngongole ya ogula. Zolemba zambiri zidzafunika ndipo ndondomekoyi idzatenga nthawi yaitali. Ndi njira ziti zomwe wobwereka akuyenera kudutsa?

1. Lemberani ngongole yotetezedwa patsamba la banki kapena panthambi yake.
2. Ndi ulendo wachindunji ku banki - pezani zambiri kuchokera kwa katswiri, ndi pulogalamu yapaintaneti - dikirani kuyimba kwa manejala ndikupeza mndandanda wazolemba. Zofunikira pa chinthucho ziyeneranso kufotokozedwa. 
3. Tumizani zikalata ku banki nokha kapena pa intaneti. Apa ndi zofunika kuchita zonse mwamsanga, popeza zolemba zina zimakhala ndi nthawi yochepa yovomerezeka. Mwachitsanzo, chochokera ku USRN sichikhala chokonzeka pasanathe masiku 7 kuyambira tsiku lomwe adayitanitsa. Ngati mutapempha mochedwa, ndipo Rosreestr akuchedwetsa kuperekedwa, ndiye kuti chiphaso cha ndalama kapena chikalata cha ntchito chikhoza kukhala chosavomerezeka (nthawi yawo yovomerezeka ndi masiku 30 okha).
4. Yembekezerani chisankho cha banki pa chikole ndi ngongole. Ngati avomerezedwa, sainani mgwirizano wa ngongole ndikumaliza mgwirizanowo. 
5. Kupereka chikole pa katundu mu USRN, kuyika chilemelero pa izo. M'mabanki ena, sitepe iyi ikhoza kudumpha, pamene amalembetsa pawokha ntchitoyo ndi Rosreestr. M'mabungwe ena angongole, mudzafunika kubwera ku Rosreestr kapena MFC limodzi ndi wogwira ntchito kubanki.
6. Dikirani mpaka Rosreestr agwiritse ntchito ndikubwezeretsa zikalatazo, ndikuyika chizindikiro pazotsatira. Zolemba izi ziyenera kutengedwa ku banki.
7. Yembekezerani mpaka banki ikayang'ane zikalata zomwe zatumizidwa, kenako ndikubwereketsa.

Kutengera ndi zomwe mgwirizano uli nawo, ndalamazo zitha kutumizidwa ku akaunti yomwe yanenedweratu, kapena woyang'anira banki adzakuyimbirani ndikukuyitanirani ku ofesi. 

Kusintha Zolemba

Ponena za zikalata, bungwe lililonse lidzakhala ndi mndandanda wake, womwe uyenera kufotokozedwa pasadakhale. Komabe, zolemba zotsatirazi ndizofunikira kwambiri:

• the passport of the citizen of the Federation;
• zikalata zotsimikizira umwini wa malo ogulitsa (chochokera ku USRN ndi eni ake omwe awonetsedwamo kapena satifiketi yolembetsa);

Malemba otsatirawa athanso kufunsidwa:

• ndondomeko ya ndalama;
• kope lovomerezeka la bukhu la ntchito;
• SNILS;
• pasipoti yapadziko lonse lapansi;
• layisensi ya dalayivala;
• mgwirizano waukwati, ngati ulipo;
• lipoti la komiti yowunika pakuwunika kwa katunduyo;
• chilolezo chovomerezeka cha mwamuna kapena mkazi ku lonjezo la malo enieni, omwe ali nawo limodzi.

Kodi malo abwino obwereketsa nyumba ndi ati?

Mutha kubwereketsa nyumba osati m'mabanki okha, komanso m'mabungwe ena azachuma. Ganizirani zomwe ali nazo kuti muwone komwe kuli kopindulitsa kwambiri kubwereketsa nyumba ndi nyumba.

Banks

Poganizira za pempho la ngongole, mabanki amalabadira chikole pokhapokha atayang'ana solvency ya kasitomala. Choncho, ndikofunika kuti wobwereka akwaniritse zofunikira, ndipo ndalama zake sizikhala zochepa kusiyana ndi zomwe banki inalimbikitsa. Nthawi yomweyo, kuphatikiza kosatsutsika pakubwereketsa kubanki ndikuwonetsetsa kwazomwe zikuchitika. Pambuyo posainidwa mgwirizano, malipirowo sadzawonjezeka, ndipo sipayenera kukhala ma komiti owonjezera kapena kulemba. 

Ngongole zamabanki ndi zina mwazotsika kwambiri poyerekeza ndi mabungwe ena azachuma. Pafupifupi, amachokera ku 7 mpaka 15% pachaka. Kuonjezera apo, ngati wobwereka asiya kupereka malipiro, mabanki amasonkhanitsa ngongoleyo motsatira malamulo. 

Komabe, palinso kuipa kofunsira ngongole yotetezedwa kubanki. Choyamba, bungwe la ngongole limapanga chisankho malinga ndi mbiri ya ngongole ya wobwereka. Ngati idasokonezedwa kapena palibe, pempholo silingavomerezedwe. Kutsimikizira kwa chinthu chobwereketsa kumatenga nthawi yambiri, izi ziyenera kuganiziridwa mukamagwiritsa ntchito. Pa avareji, zimatenga pafupifupi sabata kuchokera nthawi yotumiza fomu yofunsira ndi zolemba zonse kuti mulandire zotsatira zoganiziridwa. Koma wobwerekayo sanalandirebe ndalamazo. Izi zidzachitika pokhapokha akamaliza kutsekereza katunduyo ndikutumiza zikalata zoyenera ku banki. 

Zidzatenganso nthawi kuti muwone chinthucho ndi bungwe loyesa. Kuphatikiza apo, wobwereka amalipira ntchitoyo, ndipo izi ndizowonjezera ma ruble 5-10. M'pofunika kuganizira kuvomerezedwa inshuwalansi ya chinthu ambiri mabanki. Nthawi zina mukhoza kukana, koma chiwongoladzanja chidzawonjezeka ndi mfundo za 1-2. Mtengo wa inshuwaransi ndi ma ruble 6-10 pachaka. 

Ogulitsa payekha

Mosiyana ndi mabanki, obwereketsa apadera amaganizira kwambiri za ndalama zomwe amapeza. The solvency ya kasitomala zimazimiririka kumbuyo, ngakhale sanalembedwe kwathunthu. Choncho, n'zosavuta kubwereketsa nyumba ndikupeza ndalama, koma zodula kwambiri. Mawu oti aganizire za pempho la "ochita malonda achinsinsi" ndiafupi, nthawi zambiri chigamulocho chidzalengezedwa pa tsiku lolemba pempho kapena lotsatira. Chiwongola dzanja chapakati ndi pafupifupi 7% pamwezi, ndiye kuti, mpaka 84% pachaka. Chifukwa chake, kutenga ndalama zambiri kwa nthawi yayitali sikungopindulitsa. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mutenga ma ruble 3 miliyoni kwa zaka 3 pa chiwongola dzanja cha 5% pamwezi, kubweza kwa nthawi yonseyi kudzakhala ma ruble oposa 3,5 miliyoni. Ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti osunga ndalama ambiri payekha amalowetsa mgwirizano kwa chaka chimodzi. Mwachidziwitso, m'chaka ikhoza kukulitsidwa, koma palibe amene amatsimikizira kuti mikhalidwe sidzasintha kuti ikhale yoipitsitsa m'tsogolomu. 

MFIs

Malinga ndi malamulo apano, mabungwe ang'onoang'ono ndi ma microfinance sangathe kupereka ngongole zotetezedwa ndi chitetezo, ngati ndi malo okhala anthu. Komabe, amatha kupereka ndalama zotetezedwa ndi malo ogulitsa nyumba. 

Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi obwereketsa payekha, poyang'ana pempho, MFIs amasamala kwambiri osati mbiri ya ngongole ndi solvency ya wobwereketsa, koma ku ndalama za chinthu chobwereketsa. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, ntchitoyo yokha idzaganiziridwa mwamsanga, nthawi zina mkati mwa maola ochepa. Komabe, chiwongoladzanja sichidzakhalanso chaching'ono - mpaka 50% pachaka. Mulimonsemo, musanasainire zikalata za ngongole ndi chikole, muyenera kuziphunzira mosamala. Chabwino, ngati pali mwayi wosonyeza loya. Mwa njira iyi, chiopsezocho chikhoza kuchepetsedwa kwambiri m'tsogolomu. 

PDA

Ma CPC ndi mabungwe ogula ngongole. Chofunikira cha bungweli ndikuti omwe ali ndi masheya amalowa nawo - anthu ndi mabungwe azovomerezeka. Amapanga zopereka zanthawi imodzi kapena zanthawi zonse. Ndipo, ngati kuli kofunikira, akhoza kutenga ngongole, ndikulipira pang'onopang'ono, poganizira chiwongoladzanja. Ngati munthu sali membala wa CCP, sangatenge ngongole kumeneko. Ntchito za mabungwe oterowo zimayendetsedwa ndi lamulo. Ngati chisankho chapangidwa kuti alowe nawo CCP, ndi bwino kuwonetsetsa kuti ndi yodalirika. Izi zitha kuchitika poyang'ana umembala wa cooperative mu SRO. Zambiri zokhuza kukhala m'bungwe lina lodzilamulira ziyenera kuwonetsedwa patsamba la CPC. 

Ubwino wa njirayi ndikuti kulingalira kwa ntchitoyo sikutenga nthawi yochuluka, ndipo ndalamazo zikhoza kuperekedwa popanda kuyembekezera mpaka chiwonongeko chikayikidwa pa katunduyo. Chiwongola dzanja nthawi zambiri chimakhala chotsika poyerekeza ndi mabungwe ena azachuma. Pa nthawi yomweyi, ndalama zokwanira zokwanira zingaperekedwe pa ngongole, ndipo panthawi yopangira chisankho, kukhalapo kwa ndalama zotsimikiziridwa za wobwereka ndi mbiri yake ya ngongole sizikuganiziridwa. 

Zingakhale zopindulitsa kwambiri kupeza ngongole yotetezedwa ndi nyumba ku KPC, koma ngati ndinu membala kale kapena muli ndi nthawi yoti mukhale membala, ndikulembetsa. Apo ayi, ndi bwino kulankhula ndi banki.

Malamulo a nyumba yobwereketsa

Kubweza ngongole yomwe idatetezedwa ndi malo ndi malo kumachitika chimodzimodzi ndi kubweza ngongole ya ogula. Izi zikhoza kukhala annuity kapena malipiro osiyana. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, zofanana mu nthawi yonse ya ngongole kapena kutsika pa nthawi yolipira. 

Ndikoyenera kukumbukira za inshuwaransi yeniyeni yovomerezeka ya chinthu chokhazikika. Mabanki ena amafuna inshuwaransi ya moyo ndi thanzi kwa wobwereka. Nthawi zina mutha kukana inshuwaransi yonse, koma banki idzakweza chiwongola dzanja ndi 1-5%. 

M'pofunikanso kuganizira kuti pambuyo pa kuikidwa kwa chivundikiro panyumba, mwiniwakeyo sangathe kutaya zonse. Ndiko kuti, sikungatheke kupereka malo, kugulitsa, kusinthanitsa kapena kupereka chikole china. 

Choyamba, muyenera kulumikizana ndi banki komwe mumalandira malipiro anu. Pankhaniyi, zolemba zochepa zidzafunika, kuwonjezera apo, chiwongoladzanja chidzachepetsedwa ndi 0,5-2%. 

Kodi wobwereka angayembekezere zingati? Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zochepa chabe za ndalama zomwe katunduyo adawerengera. Mu banki iliyonse, gawo ili lidzakhala losiyana ndipo lidzayambira 50 mpaka 80%. Ndiye kuti, ngati nyumbayo inali yamtengo wapatali pa ma ruble 5 miliyoni, apereka ngongole kuchokera ku 2,5 mpaka 4 miliyoni. 

Kubweza ngongole zotetezedwa ndizovuta, chifukwa mabanki ochepa angafune kuthana ndi njira yobwezeranso chikole. Izi ziyenera kuganiziridwa posankha malo omwe ntchitoyo idzatumizidwa. 

Ndikofunikiranso kupewa ziwembu zachinyengo ngati mwaganiza zofunsira ngongole kunja kwa banki. Mwachitsanzo, m’malo mwa pangano la ngongole, wobwereka angapatsidwe pangano la zopereka kapena pangano logulitsa ndi kugula kuti asayine. Adzafotokoza motere: wobwereka akalipira ngongole yonse, izi zidzathetsedwa. Komabe, ngati wobwereka asayina mgwirizano woterewu, zidzatanthauza kusamutsa kwathunthu ndi mwaufulu ufulu wawo ku malo ogulitsa nyumba. 

Kuti muchepetse chiopsezocho, muyenera kulumikizana ndi mabungwe akuluakulu odziwika bwino ndi mabanki. Ndikoyeneranso kusonyeza pangano la ngongole kwa loya kuti aone ngati ndi lovomerezeka.

Mafunso ndi mayankho otchuka

Akatswiri adayankha mafunso odziwika kwambiri kuchokera kwa owerenga: Alexandra Medvedeva, loya wa Moscow Bar Association и Svetlana Kireeva, wamkulu wa ofesi ya real estate agency MIEL.

Magwero a

1. https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_19396/36a6e71464db9e35a759ad84fc765d6e5a03a90a/