Mu 2015, chiwerengero cha pachaka cha matenda atsopano a khansa omwe amagwirizanitsidwa ndi papillomaviruses ya anthu anayesedwa ku France kuposa 6. Koma pali njira zosavuta zodzitetezera ku matenda opatsirana pogonana: katemera ndi kufufuza.

Human papillomavirus, yomwe imatchedwanso HPV, ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda opatsirana pogonana, kapena matenda opatsirana pogonana, omwe angayambitse njerewere zamtundu wosiyanasiyana. Amadziwika kwambiri chifukwa choyambitsa matenda a khansa monga a khomo pachibelekero, omwe amapha pafupifupi azimayi 1000 chaka chilichonse. Pali mitundu pafupifupi 150 ya papillomavirus. Kwa Delphine Chadoutaud, wazamankhwala, kachilomboka kangayambitsenso "khansa mu rectum kapena pakamwa potsatira machitidwe ogonana omwe amakhudza madera awa", komanso khansa ya mbolo, vulva, nyini kapena mmero. .

Makhansa awa amatenga zaka kapena makumi angapo kuti apangike mosazindikira. Malinga ndi tsamba la papillomavirus.fr, "Mbiri yachilengedwe ya khansa ya pachibelekero imayamba ndi matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha chiopsezo chachikulu cha khansa ya papillomavirus yamunthu. Pafupifupi 10% ya milandu, kachilomboka kamachotsedwa m'thupi mwangozi. Matendawa amakhala mosalekeza ndipo angayambitse kuchulukirachulukira kwa maselo achilendo komanso kuwonongeka kwa majini. Ndiye pali chiwopsezo chosaneneka chopitilira zilonda zam'mimba kenako, nthawi zina, ku khansa ”.

"Katemera wotsutsa papillomaviruses (HPV) amapangitsa kuti athe kupewa matenda omwe amapezeka kawirikawiri papillomaviruses, omwe ali ndi udindo, mwa amayi, kwa 70 mpaka 90% ya khansa ya pachibelekeropo" akufotokoza webusaiti ya inshuwalansi ya umoyo. Komabe, katemera yekha samateteza ku khansa zonse kapena ku zilonda zonse za khansa. Pofuna kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha khansa ya khomo lachiberekero, amayi ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa nthawi zonse poyesa khomo lachiberekero, kuyambira zaka 25. Mu kafukufuku wofalitsidwa mu October 2020 ndi New England Journal of Medicine, ochita kafukufuku adatsatira amayi pafupifupi 1 miliyoni a zaka 10. mpaka 30 pazaka 10. Zotsatira zikuwonetsa kuti mwa amayi omwe adalandira katemera, chiwopsezo cha khansa ya pachibelekeropo chinali 47 mwa anthu 100 pomwe anali 000 mwa amayi 94 omwe alibe katemera. Zimasonyezanso kuti amayi omwe adalandira katemera wa papillomavirus anali ndi chiopsezo chochepa cha 100% chotenga khansa ya pachibelekero kusiyana ndi amayi omwe alibe katemera.

"Panthawi ya katemera, antigen amabayidwa kuti athe kupanga ma antibodies m'thupi" akutero wamankhwala. Monga momwe tsamba la papillomavirus.fr likufotokozera, "Ma antibodies awa amapezeka makamaka kumaliseche, pamwamba pa khomo pachibelekeropo. Pogonana ndi mnzanu yemwe wanyamula kachilombo ka papilloma komwe katemera katemerayu, ma antibodies a munthu yemwe ali ndi katemera amamanga papillomavirus ndipo nthawi zambiri amawalepheretsa kulowa m'maselo, motero amamulepheretsa kutenga kachilomboka ”.

Makatemera omwe alipo

Pakalipano pali katemera atatu omwe alipo papillomavirus yaumunthu:

• katemera wa bivalent (womwe amateteza ku ma virus amtundu wa 16 ndi 18): Cervarix®,
• katemera wa quadrivalent (womwe amateteza ku ma virus amtundu wa 6, 11, 16 ndi 18): Gardasil®,
• katemera wa nonavalent (omwe amatetezanso ku ma virus amtundu 31, 33, 45, 52 ndi 58): Gardasil 9®.

Katemera sasinthana ndipo katemera aliyense woyambitsidwa ndi mmodzi wa iwo ayenera kumalizidwa ndi katemera yemweyo. Bungwe la High Council for Public Health (HAS) limalimbikitsanso kuti katemera aliyense watsopano ayambitsidwe ndi katemera wa Gardasil 9® wosasinthika.

Kwa Delphine Chadoutaud, "katemera ayenera kuchitidwa moyo wa kugonana usanayambe kuti ukhale wogwira mtima". Kwa atsikana ndi anyamata azaka zapakati pa 11 ndi 14, katemera amaperekedwa m'majekeseni awiri otalikirana kwa miyezi 6 mpaka 13. Pakati pa zaka 15 ndi 19, m'pofunika kupanga jakisoni atatu: jekeseni yachiwiri imachitika miyezi iwiri itatha yoyamba, ndipo yachitatu miyezi isanu ndi umodzi itatha yoyamba. Pambuyo pa zaka 19, katemera sakubwezeredwanso ndi chitetezo cha anthu. "Katemera ayenera kukambidwa ndi dokotala chifukwa mkhalidwewu ndi wosiyana pakati pa wazaka 25 akadali namwali kapena wazaka 16 yemwe wayamba kale moyo wake wa kugonana" akuwonjezera wamankhwala.

“Monga katemera onse, pali zotsatirapo zake. Koma kwa ichi, chiwopsezo cha phindu ndi chabwino kwambiri "akutsimikizira Delphine Chadoutaud. Pambuyo katemera, ndi mwachitsanzo zotheka kumva dzanzi m'manja, kuvulala, redness kumene kulumidwa. Nthawi zambiri, odwala ena amadwala mutu, malungo kapena kupweteka kwa minofu. Zotsatira zoyipa izi nthawi zambiri zimatha pakangopita masiku ochepa. Ngati apitiliza, musazengereze kufunsa dokotala.

Contraindications

Tsamba la papillomavirus.fr limachenjeza odwala kuti: "Zotsatira zoyipa siziyenera kusokonezedwa ndi zotsutsana ndi katemera zomwe ndizosowa kwambiri. Anthu ena sangathe kulandira katemera pazifukwa zokhudzana ndi matenda awo. Izi contraindications (matenda, mimba kwa katemera ena, ziwengo, etc.) odziwika bwino ndi zogwirizana aliyense katemera: pamaso mankhwala ndiyeno asanachite katemera, dokotala kapena mzamba amafufuza ngati munthu akhoza katemera kapena ayi. pa nthawi yoikika”.

Katemera wolimbana ndi kachilombo ka papillomavirus atha kuchitidwa ndi dotolo, mzamba, kapena namwino panjira yaulere pazidziwitso zaulere, malo owunika ndi kuzindikira matenda (Cegidd), malo olerera komanso malo ena otemera. anthu onse. Katemerayu amatetezedwa ku 65% ndi chitetezo cha anthu pakupereka malangizo. Katemera angakhalenso waulere m'malo ena.