Hyperlaxity ndi kusuntha kwamagulu mopitirira muyeso.

Kukaniza ndi mphamvu ya minyewa yamkati ya thupi imayendetsedwa ndi mapuloteni ena olumikizana. Pankhani ya kusintha kwa mapuloteniwa, zolakwika zokhudzana ndi ziwalo zoyendayenda za thupi (malo olumikizirana, tendon, cartilage ndi ligaments) zimakhudzidwa kwambiri, kukhala pachiwopsezo komanso kufooka kwambiri ndipo zimatha kuyambitsa zotupa. Chifukwa chake ndi articular hyperlaxity.

Izi hyperlaxity kumabweretsa zosavuta ndi zopweteka hyper-extension ena a thupi. Kusinthasintha kumeneku kwa miyendo ndi zotsatira zachindunji za chiwopsezo kapena ngakhale kusowa kwa mitsempha komanso nthawi zina kufooka kwa mafupa.

Matendawa amakhudza kwambiri mapewa, zigongono, manja, mawondo ndi zala. Hyperlaxity nthawi zambiri amawonekera paubwana, pakukula kwa minofu yolumikizana.

Mayina ena okhudzana ndi matendawa ndi awa: (2)

- hypermobility;

- matenda a minyewa yotayirira;

- hyperlaxity syndrome.

Anthu omwe ali ndi hyperlaxity amakhala okhudzidwa kwambiri ndipo amakhala ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha fractures ndi ligament dislocation panthawi ya sprains, sprains, etc.

Njira zimathandizira kuchepetsa chiwopsezo cha zovuta muzochitika za matenda awa, makamaka:

- zolimbitsa thupi zolimbitsa minofu ndi ligament;

- phunzirani "mayendedwe abwinobwino" kuti mupewe kukulitsa:

- kutetezedwa kwa mitsempha panthawi yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kugwiritsa ntchito makina a padding, mawondo a mawondo, ndi zina zotero.

Chithandizo cha matendawa chimaphatikizapo kuchepetsa ululu ndi kulimbikitsa ligament. M'nkhaniyi, kulembedwa kwa mankhwala (zopaka, zopopera, ndi zina zotero) nthawi zambiri zimagwirizanitsidwa ndikutsatiridwa ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi ochiritsira. (3)

Hyperlaxity ndi kusuntha kwamagulu mopitirira muyeso.

Kukaniza ndi mphamvu ya minyewa yamkati ya thupi imayendetsedwa ndi mapuloteni ena olumikizana. Pankhani ya kusintha kwa mapuloteniwa, zolakwika zokhudzana ndi ziwalo zoyendayenda za thupi (malo olumikizirana, tendon, cartilage ndi ligaments) zimakhudzidwa kwambiri, kukhala pachiwopsezo komanso kufooka kwambiri ndipo zimatha kuyambitsa zotupa. Chifukwa chake ndi articular hyperlaxity.

Izi hyperlaxity kumabweretsa zosavuta ndi zopweteka hyper-extension ena a thupi. Kusinthasintha kumeneku kwa miyendo ndi zotsatira zachindunji za chiwopsezo kapena ngakhale kusowa kwa mitsempha komanso nthawi zina kufooka kwa mafupa.

Matendawa amakhudza kwambiri mapewa, zigongono, manja, mawondo ndi zala. Hyperlaxity nthawi zambiri amawonekera paubwana, pakukula kwa minofu yolumikizana.

Mayina ena okhudzana ndi matendawa ndi awa: (2)

- hypermobility;

- matenda a minyewa yotayirira;

- hyperlaxity syndrome.

Anthu omwe ali ndi hyperlaxity amakhala okhudzidwa kwambiri ndipo amakhala ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha fractures ndi ligament dislocation panthawi ya sprains, sprains, etc.

Njira zimathandizira kuchepetsa chiwopsezo cha zovuta muzochitika za matenda awa, makamaka:

- zolimbitsa thupi zolimbitsa minofu ndi ligament;

- phunzirani "mayendedwe abwinobwino" kuti mupewe kukulitsa:

- kutetezedwa kwa mitsempha panthawi yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kugwiritsa ntchito makina a padding, mawondo a mawondo, ndi zina zotero.

Chithandizo cha matendawa chimaphatikizapo kuchepetsa ululu ndi kulimbikitsa ligament. M'nkhaniyi, kulembedwa kwa mankhwala (zopaka, zopopera, ndi zina zotero) nthawi zambiri zimagwirizanitsidwa ndikutsatiridwa ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi ochiritsira. (3)

Nthawi zambiri za hyperlaxity sizigwirizana ndi zomwe zimayambitsa. Pankhaniyi, ndi benign hyperlaxity.

Kuphatikiza apo, ma pathologies awa amathanso kulumikizidwa ndi:

- zolakwika m'mafupa, mawonekedwe a mafupa;

- zolakwika za kamvekedwe ndi kuuma kwa minofu;

- kukhalapo kwa hyperlaxity m'banja.

Mlandu womalizawu ukuwonetsa kuthekera kwa cholowa pakufalitsa matendawa.

Nthawi zambiri, hyperlaxity imachitika chifukwa cha zovuta zachipatala. Izi ndi izi: (2)

- Down syndrome, yodziwika ndi kulumala;

- cleidocranial dysplasia, yodziwika ndi matenda obadwa nawo pakukula kwa mafupa;

- Matenda a Ehlers-Danlos, omwe amadziwika ndi kusungunuka kwakukulu kwa minofu yolumikizira;

- Marfan syndrome, womwenso ndi matenda olumikizana ndi minofu;

- Morquio syndrome, matenda obadwa nawo omwe amakhudza metabolism.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa sizidziwika bwino.

Zina zomwe zimayambitsa matenda zingakhale zowonjezera zowonjezera pa chitukuko cha matendawa, monga; Down syndrome, cleidocranial dysplasia, etc. Komabe, izi zimakhudza ochepa odwala okha.

Kuonjezera apo, asayansi akukayikira kuti matendawa amafalikira kwa ana. M'lingaliro limeneli, kukhalapo kwa kusintha kwa majini kwa majini ena, mwa makolo, kungawapangitse kukhala pachiwopsezo chowonjezera cha matendawa.

Kuzindikira kwa matendawa kumapangidwa mosiyanasiyana, poganizira zamitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Mayeso a Beighton ndiye amachititsa kuti athe kuyesa momwe matendawa amakhudzira kayendetsedwe ka minofu. Mayesowa amakhala ndi mayeso asanu otsatizana. Izi zikugwirizana ndi:

- malo a chikhatho cha dzanja pansi pamene miyendo ikuwongoka;

- pindani chigongono chilichonse kumbuyo;

- pindani bondo lililonse kumbuyo;

- pindani chala chachikulu chakumanja;

- pindani chala chaching'ono kumbuyo ndi 90 °.

Pankhani ya chiwerengero cha Beighton chachikulu kuposa kapena chofanana ndi 4, mutuwu ukhoza kukhala ndi vuto la hyperlaxity.

Kuyezetsa magazi ndi x-ray kungakhalenso kofunikira pozindikira matendawa. Njirazi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zotheka makamaka kuwonetsa kukula kwa nyamakazi ya nyamakazi.