Tikamakula kwambiri, m'pamenenso timakhala anzeru: mwambiwo siwowonetsa zenizeni. Kukalamba sikuti nthawi zonse kumatsimikizira kukula. Akuluakulu ena amakhalabe okhwima pamoyo wawo wonse ana akadzakula msanga msinkhu. Akatswiri omwe amafunsidwa amasiyanitsa mitundu iwiri yakusakhwima: kusakhwima kwamalingaliro ndi kusakhazikika kwamaganizidwe, komwe kumatchedwanso "infantilism" mpaka koyambirira kwa zaka za m'ma XNUMX. Kukhala mwana moyo wanu wonse kumatchedwanso matenda a Peter Pan.

Kuti muzindikire kusakhwima, m'pofunika kukhala ndi gawo lofananitsa ndi chikhalidwe cha munthu yemwe akuti "wokhwima" m'malo mwake. Koma kukhwima kumatanthauzanji? Zovuta kuwerengera, ndikuyamikira komwe nthawi zambiri sikumabwera chifukwa chakuwoneka bwino.

A Peter Blos, wama psychoanalyst, adayang'ana kwambiri pa kafukufuku kuyambira zaka zaunyamata kufikira munthu wamkulu komanso funso loti akwaniritse izi. Malinga ndi zomwe anapeza, adafotokoza kukula ngati:

• kutha kudziletsa;
• kuletsa zikhumbo ndi chibadwa;
• kuthekera kolingalira ndi kuthetsa mikangano yamkati ndi nkhawa yaying'ono ndikuigonjetsa;
• kuthekera kokhazikitsa ubale ndi ena mgulu pomwe mukukhala ndi mphamvu zambiri.

Kukula kotero kumafanana ndi kuthekera komwe kumadziwika m'badwo uliwonse wamunthu. Kwa mwana wazaka 5 zakubadwa, kukhala wokhwima kumatanthauza kusiya bulangeti kunyumba kuti mupite kusukulu, mwachitsanzo. Kwa mwana wazaka 11, azitha kusatengeka ndikumenya nkhondo kusukulu. Ndipo kwa wachinyamata, zimawerengedwa kuti atha kuchita homuweki popanda kholo lake lililonse kulowererapo kuti amusonyeze kuti nthawi ndiyotheka.

Mutha kukhala okhwima moyo wanu wonse. Kukula msinkhu kwa munthu wamkulu kumatha kuchepa m'malo ena: ena amatha kukhala ndiukadaulo wabwinobwino koma amakhudzidwa ndimakhalidwe.

M'malo mwake, amuna ena amawona akazi awo ngati mayi wachiwiri, ena sanapitirire zovuta za oedipal: amagwera m'maganizo ndi chilumikizano chakugonana.

Kusakhwima mwauzimu kumatanthauzidwa ndi a Peter Blos ngati: "kuchedwetsa kukulitsa ubale wapabanja, wokhala ndi chizolowezi chodalira komanso kuthekera komwe kumapangitsa chidwi cha makanda, kusiyanitsa ndi akulu omwe ali ndi gawo lachitukuko cha magwiridwe antchito anzeru. . "

Kusakhwima kwamalingaliro kapena kuweruza ndiko kusowa kwenikweni kwakuzindikira komanso kuzindikira kwamakhalidwe abwino omwe chisankho chilichonse chimafunikira. M'malo mwake, munthuyo sangathe kupanga chisankho chaulere komanso chodalirika.

Kusakhwima kwamphamvu ndi kusakhazikika waluntha kumalumikizidwa kwambiri chifukwa gawo loyanjana limalumikizana nthawi zonse ndi gawo lanzeru.

Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kukhwima amapewa kutenga nawo mbali. Amachedwetsa nthawi yomwe akufuna. Komabe, amatha kudzuka ali ndi zaka 35 kapena 40 kuti atuluke muubwana: kukhala ndi mwana, kukwatiwa kuti akhazikike ndikusiya kuyendayenda pakugonana.

Zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana

Kukhwima m'matenda si matenda koma zizindikilo zingapo kapena zikhalidwe zimatha kuchenjeza omwe ali pafupi nanu:

• kukokomeza kwazithunzi pazithunzi za makolo;
• Kufunika kotetezedwa: Kukoma mtima ndi chizindikiro cha kufunika kotetezedwa;
• kudalira kwamalingaliro;
• malire a zofuna zawo;
• makamaka egoism ndi kuuma, narcissism;
• kulephera kuthana ndi mikangano;
• tsankho la zokhumudwitsa;
• Kusakhwima pakugonana, kusowa mphamvu, kufota sizachilendo: sanasinthanitse. Titha kuzindikiranso zolakwika zina zakugonana kapena zosokonekera (zachiwerewere, ndi zina);
• chitani zachibwana: amafuna kupeza chilichonse chomwe akufuna nthawi yomweyo ngati ana;
• kupupuluma: osalamulira malingaliro ndi malingaliro apompopompo amatuluka mwamphamvu;
• kukana kudzipereka: kukhala munthawiyo, mwachangu, kaundula wa zachilendo zonse.

Mwa munthu wosakhwima m'maganizo, munthu amatha kuzindikira kuti ochita zisudzo pa TV ndikuwonetsa akatswiri azamabizinesi ndizofunikira kwambiri kuposa anthu atsiku ndi tsiku. Chilengedwe chopangira chinsalu chaching'ono kapena kompyuta chimalowetsa zenizeni.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mwamphamvu komanso mosasankha masewera apakompyuta, intaneti ndi makompyuta kumawalola anthuwa kuti adzichepetse enieni kuti alowe mu chilengedwe, chomwe chimakhala chilengedwe chawo chatsopano, popanda zopinga komanso kukakamizidwa kutsatira njira zakukhwima zomwe zenizeni zimafuna.

Kusakhwima kwamalingaliro kapena kusakhwima kwa chiweruzo kumabweretsa kusowa kwa kuzindikira kapena chikumbumtima chamakhalidwe kuti athe kusankha moyo. Munthuyo sangathe kupanga chisankho chayekha kapena cha ena.

Kusakhwima kwamalingaliro kumawonedwa ngati kuchepa kwamaganizidwe komwe kumatha kukhala kwakukulu, kwapakatikati kapena kofatsa.

Pangani matenda

Kupanga kuzindikira ndikufotokozera kusakhwima kwa wodwala ndiye ntchito yovuta chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa zomwe zimayambitsa ndi zizindikilo.

Ndikofunikira kuti madotolo apabanja apemphe ukatswiri wazamisala. Katswiri wazamisala atha kudziwa ngati:

• Kulephera kwa wodwalayo kumakhala koopsa ndipo adachedwetsedwa kapena kusinthidwa ndi chochitika chakunja ali mwana kapena mwana;
• kapena ngati kusakhwima kumeneku kumadza chifukwa chakuchepa kwamaluso, omwe atha kukhala chifukwa cha matenda, kapena ndi chilema chibadwa.

Pazochitika zonsezi, pakakhazikika chilema, munthuyo samatha kuweruza bwino zomwe zingamupatse moyo wonse. Chifukwa chake iyenera kusamalidwa mwachangu kaya modzipereka kapena banja.