Bakiteriya Klebsiella pneumoniae ndi enterobacterium yomwe imayambitsa matenda ambiri komanso oopsa, makamaka nosocomial ku France. Mitundu ingapo ya Klebsiella pneumoniae ayamba kukana maantibayotiki angapo.

Klebsiella pneumoniae, yomwe kale inkadziwika kuti Friedlander's pneumobacillus, ndi enterobacterium, kutanthauza, bacillus ya gram-negative. Mwachibadwa imapezeka m'matumbo, kumtunda kwapamwamba kwa anthu ndi nyama zamagazi otentha: amanenedwa kuti ndi bakiteriya wofanana.

Imakhazikika mpaka 30% ya anthu omwe ali m'mimba ndi nasopharyngeal mucous nembanemba. Bakiteriyayu amapezekanso m'madzi, m'nthaka, zomera ndi fumbi (kuipitsidwa ndi ndowe). Ndilonso tizilombo toyambitsa matenda toyambitsa matenda osiyanasiyana:

• chibayo,
• matenda a septicemia,
• matenda opatsirana mumkodzo,
• matenda am'mimba,
• matenda a impso.

Ku Europe, Klebsiella pneumoniae ndi chifukwa cha matenda am'deralo kupuma (m'matauni) mwa anthu osalimba (oledzeretsa, odwala matenda ashuga, okalamba kapena omwe akudwala matenda opuma kupuma) komanso makamaka matenda a nosocomial (opangidwa m'zipatala) m'chipatala (chibayo, sepsis). ndi matenda a ana obadwa kumene ndi odwala m’zipinda zosamalira odwala kwambiri).

Bakiteriya Klebsiella pneumoniae Amadziwika kuti ndi omwe amachititsa matenda a nosocomial mkodzo ndi m'mimba, sepsis, chibayo, ndi matenda opangira opaleshoni. Pafupifupi 8 peresenti ya matenda a nosocomial ku Ulaya ndi United States amayamba chifukwa cha bakiteriya ameneyu. Matenda a Klebsiella pneumoniae amapezeka m'madipatimenti obadwa kumene, makamaka m'malo osamalira odwala kwambiri komanso makanda obadwa msanga.

Zizindikiro za matenda a Klebsiella pneumoniae

Zizindikiro za matenda a Klebsiella pneumoniae ndizomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi mabakiteriya owopsa:

• kutentha thupi,
• ululu,
• kuwonongeka kwa chikhalidwe,
• kuzizira.

Zizindikiro za matenda a kupuma ndi Klebsiella pneumoniae

Zizindikiro za matenda kupuma ndi Klebsiella pneumoniae zambiri m`mapapo mwanga, ndi sputum ndi chifuwa, kuwonjezera kutentha thupi.

Zizindikiro za matenda a mkodzo chifukwa cha Klebsiella pneumoniae

Zizindikiro za matenda a mkodzo ndi Klebsiella pneumoniae ndi monga kutentha ndi kupweteka pokodza, mkodzo wonunkhira komanso wamtambo, kufunikira kokodza pafupipafupi komanso mwachangu, nthawi zina nseru ndi kusanza.

Zizindikiro za meningitis chifukwa cha Klebsiella pneumoniae

Zizindikiro za Klebsiella pneumoniae meningitis (zosowa kwambiri) ndi:

• mutu,
• malungo,
• kusintha kwa chidziwitso,
• zovuta zolimbitsa thupi,
• Septic shock.

Kuzindikira kotsimikizika kwa matenda a Klebsiella pneumoniae kumatengera kudzipatula ndikuzindikiritsa mabakiteriya kuchokera ku zitsanzo za magazi, mkodzo, sputum, zotupa za bronchial kapena minofu yomwe ili ndi kachilombo. Kuzindikira kwa bakiteriya kuyenera kutsagana ndi magwiridwe antchito a antibiotic.

Antibiogram ndi njira ya labotale yomwe imatheketsa kuyesa kukhudzidwa kwa bakiteriya molingana ndi mankhwala amodzi kapena angapo, omwe amawoneka ofunikira pamitundu ya Klebsiella pneumoniae yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala yosamva maantibayotiki ambiri.

Bakiteriya Klebsiella pneumoniae monga ena Enterobacteriaceae amanyamulidwa pamanja, kutanthauza kuti bakiteriya imeneyi akhoza kupatsirana ndi kukhudzana khungu ndi zinthu zoipitsidwa kapena malo. M’chipatala, mabakiteriyawa amapatsirana kuchokera kwa wodwala wina kupita kwa wina kudzera m’manja mwa osamalira amene angathe kunyamula mabakiteriyawo kuchokera kwa wodwala wina kupita kwa wina.

Matenda opita kuchipatala a Klebsiella pneumoniae atha kuchiritsidwa mtawuni ndi cephalosporin (mwachitsanzo ceftriaxone) kapena fluoroquinolone (mwachitsanzo levofloxacin).

Matenda ozama a Klebsiella pneumoniae amathandizidwa ndi ma antibiotic obaya. Nthawi zambiri amathandizidwa ndi cephalosporins ndi carbapenems (imipenem, meropenem, ertapenem), kapena fluoroquinolones kapena aminoglycosides. Kusankha mankhwala ophatikizira ophatikizika kungakhale kovuta chifukwa chopeza kukana.

Mitundu ya Klebsielia pneumoniae yapanga kukana kangapo kwa maantibayotiki. Bungwe la World Health Organization (WHO) limaika bakiteriya ameneyu m’gulu la “majeremusi 12 otsogola” osamva mankhwala. Mwachitsanzo, Klebsiella pneumoniae imatha kupanga enzyme, carbapenemase, yomwe imalepheretsa pafupifupi maantibayotiki onse otchedwa β-lactam.

M'mayiko ena, maantibayotiki sagwira ntchito kwa theka la odwala omwe amalandila matenda a K. pneumoniae. Kukana kopezeka kwa maantibayotiki kumakhudzanso magulu ena amankhwala monga aminoglycosides.