Astigmatism: ndichiyani?

Astigmatism ndi vuto la cornea. Pakachitika astigmatism, cornea (= nembanemba ya diso) imakhala yozungulira m'malo mokhala yozungulira kwambiri. Tikukamba za cornea yooneka ngati "mpira wa rugby". Chifukwa chake, kuwalako sikumayendera mbali imodzi ya retina, yomwe imapanga chithunzi chopotoka kotero kuti maso apafupi ndi akutali. Masomphenya amakhala osalongosoka pa mtunda uliwonse.

Astigmatism ndi yofala kwambiri. Ngati chilema choonekachi ndi chofooka, maso sangasokonezeke. Pankhaniyi, astigmatism sikutanthauza kudzudzulidwa ndi magalasi kapena magalasi. Imawerengedwa kuti ndi yofooka pakati pa 0 ndi 1 diopters komanso yamphamvu pamwamba pa 2 diopters.

Astigmatism imatha kuchitika kuyambira pakubadwa. Pambuyo pake, zitha kulumikizidwa ndi zolakwika zina zosokoneza monga myopia kapena hyperopia. Astigmatism imatha kuwonekanso potsatira keratoconus, matenda osokonekera omwe nthawi zambiri amawonekera paunyamata ndipo pomwe cornea imatenga mawonekedwe a cone, zomwe zimayambitsa astigmatism yayikulu ndikuchepetsa kuwona bwino. Dziwani kuti astigmatism siyakanthawi ndipo imatha kuipiraipira pakapita nthawi.

Anthu omwe ali ndi astigmatism amatha kusokoneza zilembo zina monga H, M ndi N kapena E ndi B. Choncho, astigmatism iyenera kudziwika mwamsanga komanso makamaka, musanaphunzire kuwerenga.

Ngakhale kuti cornea astigmatism ndiyofala kwambiri, pali astigmatism yamkati pomwe kusinthika sikumakhudza cornea koma mandala omwe ali mkati mwa diso. Ngati zopindika ziwirizo zikugwirizana, ndiye timalankhula za astigmatism yonse.

Kukula

Astigmatism ndi yofala kwambiri. Anthu opitilira 15 miliyoni aku France akuti ndi astigmatic. Phunziro¹ Zomwe zidachitika ku United States pofotokoza kuchuluka kwa zolakwika za refractive zidawonetsa kuti opitilira 30% mwa omwe adatenga nawo gawo adadwala astigmatism. Kufalikira kudzakhala chimodzimodzi ku Canada.

matenda

Kuzindikira kwa astigmatism kumapangidwa ndi ophthalmologist kapena optometrist. Wotsirizirayo amayang'ana masomphenya, pafupi ndi kutali, kenako pogwiritsa ntchito refractometer, amayesa ma radii a kupindika kwa cornea komwe kumatsimikizira kukhalapo kwa astigmatism.

Zimayambitsa

Astigmatism nthawi zambiri imachitika kuyambira pakubadwa. Zomwe zimayambitsa maonekedwe ake panthawiyi sizikudziwika. Nthawi zina, opaleshoni ya ng'ala mwachitsanzo, kapena kupatsirana kwa cornea kumatha kuwononga ndikuchisokoneza ndipo motero kumayambitsa astigmatism. Matenda kapena kuvulala m'maso kungakhalenso ndi vuto.

Mavuto

Astigmatism ingayambitse amblyopia, mwachitsanzo, kuchepa kwa maso m'modzi mwa maso awiri omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kusokonekera kwa kakulidwe kaubwana (mwachitsanzo, strabismus, congenital cataract, etc.).