Leukopenia ndi yodziwika ndi akusowa mu mlingo wa mtundu wa kuzungulira magazi selo yotchedwa leukocytes. Choncho amatchedwa hematological pathology. Maselo amenewa makamaka ndi mbali ya maselo oyera a magazi. (1)

Maselo oyera amwaziwa ndi omwe amapangidwa ndi chitetezo chamthupi mwa anthu ndipo ali amitundu ingapo:

- ma neutrophils: omwe amalola thupi kudziteteza ku mabakiteriya ndi matenda oyamba ndi fungus.

- ma lymphocyte: omwe amapanga ma antibodies kuti athe kulimbana ndi zinthu zakunja m'thupi la munthu.

- ma monocytes: omwe amathandizanso kupanga ma antibodies.

- ma eosinophils: omwe amalola thupi kulimbana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

- basophils: zomwe zimayankha kuzinthu za allergenic.

Leukopenia ikhoza kukhala chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwachilendo kwa magulu onsewa.

M'lingaliro lakuti pali kuchepa kwa chiwerengero cha leukocytes m'thupi, chitetezo cha mthupi cha munthu chimakhudzidwa ndipo motero chimakhala ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha matenda. (2)

Mlingo "wabwinobwino" wa leukocyte m'magazi nthawi zambiri uyenera kusachepera 3,5 * 10 (9) pa lita imodzi ya magazi. Mlingo wotsika nthawi zambiri umakhala chifukwa cha leukopenia. (4)

Leukopenia nthawi zambiri imasokonezeka ndi neutropenia. Molakwika, popeza neutropenia imadziwika ndi kuchepa kwa kupanga kwa maselo oyera a magazi ndi kuwonjezeka kwa ntchito yawo ndi thupi pamene akumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, chotupa choopsa, etc. (1)

Zizindikiro zokhudzana ndi leukopenia zimasiyana malinga ndi mtundu wa leukocyte womwe umapezeka kuti ulibe. (2)

Kuperewera kwa magazi m'thupi kumakhalabe chizindikiro chomwe nthawi zambiri chimagwirizanitsidwa ndi leukopenia. Munthu amene ali ndi vuto la kuchepa kwa magazi amamva kutopa kwambiri, kugunda kwa mtima, kupuma movutikira pochita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kuvutika kukhazikika, khungu lotumbululuka, kukokana kwa minofu kapena kusowa tulo. (3)

Menorrhagia mwa amayi, yofanana ndi kutuluka kwa magazi kwachilendo pa nthawi ya kusamba. Msambo umatalika. Pankhani ya menorrhagia, ndi bwino kuti mkaziyo akambirane ndi dokotala mwamsanga. Zowonadi, izi zitha kukhalanso chizindikiro cha matenda oopsa, ngakhale khansa. (3)

Zizindikiro zina, monga kutopa kwambiri, kupsa mtima, kupweteka mutu, ndi mutu waching'alang'ala ndi khalidwe la leukopenia.

Komanso, wofooka chitetezo cha m`thupi, wodwala leukopenia ali pachiopsezo cha kukhala matenda ena. Matendawa amatha kukhala a bakiteriya, ma virus, parasitic kapena chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa bowa.

Kutupa m'mimba, matumbo, etc. kungakhalenso zizindikiro za leukopenia. (3)

Pa milandu yoopsa kwambiri ya leukopenia, munthu amatha kuwona kutentha thupi, kutupa kwa glands, chibayo, thrombocytopenia (kuchuluka kwa mapulateleti amagazi) kapena zotupa za chiwindi. (2)

Leukopenia imatha chifukwa cha zinthu zambiri. (2)

Zitha kukhala matenda, obadwa nawo kapena opezeka, okhudza mafupa. Pamene mafupa amakhudzidwa, maselo opangidwa kumeneko (ma cell a hematopoietic stem cell), omwe ndi magwero a kupanga maselo a magazi, sangathenso kupangidwa. M'lingaliro limeneli, zimapanga kuchepa kwa kupanga maselo a magazi m'nkhani yomwe yakhudzidwa ndipo zingayambitse mavuto aakulu.

Ena mwa matenda amenewa ndi khalidwe la chitukuko cha leukopenia, monga:

- myelodisplastic syndrome;

- Kostmann's syndrome (neutropenia yoopsa ya chibadwa);

- hyperplasia (kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa maselo omwe amapanga minofu kapena chiwalo);

- matenda a chitetezo cha m'thupi, ambiri omwe ndi Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS);

- matenda omwe amakhudza mafupa;

- kulephera kwa chiwindi kapena ndulu.

Leukopenia imathanso kuyambitsa kumwa mankhwala ena. Zina mwa izi ndi mankhwala a khansa (makamaka omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito polimbana ndi khansa ya m'magazi). Kuphatikiza apo, tingatchule mankhwala ochepetsa kupsinjika, maantibayotiki ena, antiepileptics, immunosuppressants, corticosteroids kapena antipsychotics.

Zinthu zina zingayambitsenso kuchepa kwa leukocyte. Izi ndi kusowa kwa vitamini ndi / kapena mchere, kusakwanira kapena kupsinjika.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda amtunduwu ndi matenda omwe tawatchula pamwambapa, makamaka omwe amakhudza mafupa kapena chiwindi ndi ndulu.

Zinthu zina za moyo watsiku ndi tsiku zimatha chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa leukocyte, monga moyo wongokhala, kudya mopanda malire kapena kusadya bwino, ndi zina zambiri.

Kuzindikira kwa leukopenia kumatha kupangidwa kuchokera pakuwunika kosavuta kwa thupi, kudzera muzovuta za ndulu ndi / kapena ma lymph nodes (malo omwe leukocytes amapangidwa).

Koma komanso chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa magazi, kukhumba kwa mafupa kapena lymph node biopsy (2)

Chithandizo cha leukopenia zambiri zimachitika ndi zolimbikitsa kupanga maselo oyera. Kapena, mwa kukondoweza kwa mafupa. Steroids (mahomoni opangidwa ndi endocrine glands) nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kulimbikitsa kupanga kwa selo lamtunduwu. (3)

Kudya kwa vitamini B (vitamini B) kungalangizidwenso pankhani ya leukopenia. Izi zili choncho chifukwa mavitaminiwa amagwirizana kwambiri ndi kupanga maselo a m'mafupa.

Kapena mankhwala ozikidwa pa ma cytokines, puloteni yomwe imayang'anira ntchito zama cell. (2)

Kuwonjezera pa kukondoweza kwa mafupa a m'mafupa, wodwala matenda a leukopenia ayenera kutsatira mankhwala omwe amamulola kulimbana ndi matenda opatsirana (mankhwala opha tizilombo, chemotherapy). Mankhwala amtunduwu nthawi zambiri amaphatikizidwa ndi kukondoweza kwa chitetezo chamthupi. (3)