lymphoma

Kufotokozera kwathunthu kwa matendawa

Ichi ndi matenda a oncological chikhalidwe amene amakhudza zamitsempha minofu ndi ziwalo zamkati.^[3].

Dongosolo la lymphatic laumunthu limapangidwa kuchokera kumagulu a ziwiya zomwe zimadutsa ziwalo zonse zamkati ndi zamitsempha zimayenda kudzera muukondewu. Lymphatic system imagwira ntchito zotsatirazi:

• zoyendera - kunyamula zakudya kuchokera m'matumbo kupita ku ziwalo, komanso kutulutsa ngalande za minofu;
• chitetezo cha mthupi - ma lymph nodes amapanga ma lymphocyte, omwe amalimbana ndi mabakiteriya ndi ma virus;
• chotchinga - tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta maselo akufa ndi mabakiteriya amasungidwa m'mitsempha;
• hematopoietic - ma lymphocyte amapangidwa mmenemo.

Mu lymphoma, maselo amthupi amayamba kugawanitsa mwachangu ndikupanga zotupa.

Mtundu uwu wa khansa muzochitika zapadziko lonse umakhala pafupifupi 5% ya milandu. M'zaka makumi angapo zapitazi, chiwerengero cha odwala omwe adapezeka ndi matendawa chikuchulukirachulukira.

Lymphoma imatha kuwoneka ngati lymphogranulomatosis, Matenda a Hodgkin or sanali Hodgkin lymphoma.

Zifukwa za Lymphoma

Pakadali pano, palibe chomwe chadziwika chomwe chimayambitsa kukula kwa lymphoma. Komabe, pali zinthu zina zomwe zimakhala ndi phindu pakukula kwa ma pathology, awa:

1. 1 Bacteria matenda… Lymphoma nthawi zambiri limodzi ndi mabakiteriya. Mwachitsanzo, ndi chapamimba lymphoma, wodwalayo nthawi zambiri amapezeka ndi Helicobacter pylori, ichi ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tomwe sitifa mu hydrochloric acid ya m'mimba;
2. 2 Kugwiritsa ntchito ma immunosuppressants... Mankhwalawa amalimbikitsidwa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi autoimmune pathologies kuti achepetse kugwira ntchito kwa chitetezo chamthupi;
3. 3 Matenda oyambitsa matenda akhoza kuyambitsa lymphoma. Mwachitsanzo, Vuto la Epstein-Barr kuwonjezera pa lymphoma, ikhoza kuyambitsa multiple sclerosis ndi chiwindi;
4. 4 Zaka ndi chiwerewere… Gulu lazaka za anthu azaka zapakati pa 55 mpaka 60 kapena mpaka zaka 35 ndi omwe amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi matendawa. Ndipo nthawi zambiri amuna amadwala lymphoma;
5. 5 Chemical factor zimasonyeza kuwononga kwa mankhwala pa thupi la munthu kuntchito kapena kunyumba. Ogwira ntchito omwe amagwira ntchito ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo, ma vanishi, utoto, zosungunulira ndi zinthu zina zoyambitsa khansa zili pachiwopsezo.

Lymphoma imathanso kuyambitsidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa magazi a herpes simplex virus mtundu 8 ndi cytomegalovirus. Kuphatikiza apo, kutengera cholowa, kusintha kwa maselo ndi kuchuluka kwa leukocyte m'magazi ndikofunikira.

Zizindikiro za lymphoma

Lymphoma imatha kudziwonetsa ngati zizindikiro zamunthu ndi zizindikiro za ma pathologies ena. Choncho, anthu omwe ali pachiopsezo ayenera kudziwa zizindikiro zapadera za lymphoma:

• ma lymph node owonjezera - chizindikiro ichi chimapezeka kumayambiriro kwa matendawa chifukwa cha kugawanika kwa maselo a pathological. Mu 90% ya odwala omwe ali ndi lymphoma, ma lymph nodes amakulitsidwa. Choyamba, ma lymph nodes mu occiput ndi khosi akuwonjezeka. Nthawi zambiri, ma lymph nodes mu groin, m'chigawo cha collarbones ndi m'khwapa amatupa. Ma lymph nodes amawonjezeka kwambiri moti amawoneka bwino, ngati ali pafupi, amatha kugwirizanitsa ndikupanga zotupa zazikulu. Ndi zolimbitsa palpation zotupa, wodwalayo sakhala zowawa, Komabe, nthawi zina zamitsempha akhoza kukhala zowawa pambuyo kumwa mowa;
• kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha kumatsagana ndi mitundu yonse ya lymphoma. Kutentha kwapakati kumatha kupitilira miyezi ingapo. Ngati matendawa akupita patsogolo ndipo ziwalo zamkati zimakhudzidwa, ndiye kuti kutentha kumatha kufika madigiri 39;
• thukuta usiku mmene odwala Hodgkin a syndrome, pamene thukuta ali ndi fungo ndi mtundu;
• ululu syndrome ndi lymphoma, nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi mutu ngati lymphoma yakhudza ubongo. Pankhani ya kuwonongeka kwa m`mimba kapena pachifuwa ziwalo, ululu ndi ankalemekeza localized pamimba ndi pachifuwa;
• khungu kuyabwa amaonedwa kuti ndi khalidwe la lymphoma. Zitha kukhala zam'deralo kapena thupi lonse, nthawi zambiri wodwala amakhala ndi nkhawa ndi kuyabwa m'munsi mwa theka la thupi, usiku kuyabwa kumakhala kosapiririka;
• kumva kufooka khalidwe la koyamba siteji ya matenda ndipo amaoneka mopanda nzeru. Mphwayi ndi kuwodzera kowonjezereka kungachitikenso.

Zizindikiro zenizeni za ma pathology ndi edema yomwe imawoneka chifukwa cha kusokonezeka kwa kayendedwe ka magazi. Ndi lymphoma m'dera la chifuwa, wodwalayo akuda nkhawa ndi chifuwa chouma, chotopetsa. Kutsekula m'mimba, kudzimbidwa, ndi nseru zimachitika chifukwa cha lymphoma m'dera la m'mimba.

Mavuto a lymphoma

Kukula kwa lymph node kungayambitse kutsekeka kwa mpweya, m'mimba, kum'mero. Kuchuluka kwa psinjika kumadalira kukula kwa chotupacho. Zotsatira zake, kutuluka magazi, kuphulika kumatha kuyamba, ndipo kutsekeka kwa thirakiti la biliary kungayambitse jaundice.

Kuwonongeka kwa CNS kumatha kuyamba chifukwa cha kupsinjika kwa ubongo. Pankhaniyi, kukula kwa meningitis, encephalopathy, polymyositis ndi neuropathy ndizotheka. Mapapo akawonongeka, chibayo chimayamba. Ngati lymphoma yakhudza khungu, ndiye kuti kuwonjezera pa kuyabwa, urticaria, dermatomyositis, ndi erythema.

Kusintha kwa magazi kungayambitse kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, nthawi zina, thrombocytosis. Matenda a metabolic omwe amapezeka kwambiri mu lymphoma ndi hypercalcemia ndi hyperuricemia.

Kupewa kwa Lymphoma

Zifukwa za chitukuko cha lymphoma sizinadziwikebe. Choncho, pofuna kupewa, muyenera kulimbikitsa chitetezo cha m'thupi ndi kukayezetsa kuchipatala kamodzi pachaka. Pofuna kuchepetsa chiopsezo chokhala ndi zotupa m'ma lymph nodes, zotsatirazi ziyenera kutsatiridwa:

1. 1 kuchepetsa kukhudzana ndi poizoni;
2. 2 gwiritsani ntchito njira zolerera zotchinga pogonana ndi mnzanu wamba;
3. 3 kuchita vitamini mankhwala osachepera 2 pa chaka;
4. 4 musaiwale za masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse;
5. 5 osagwiritsa ntchito matawulo, malezala ndi misuwachi ya anthu ena.

Chithandizo cha Lymphoma m'mankhwala apamwamba

Thandizo la Lymphoma limachitika pambuyo pozindikira komanso kufotokozera za matendawa ndipo zimatengera kuopsa kwa matendawa. Choyamba, m'pofunika kuchiza matenda tizilombo ngati anakhala muzu wa chitukuko cha matenda.

Chithandizo chachikulu komanso chothandiza kwambiri ndi chithandizo cha ma radiation, mankhwala amphamvu, nthawi zina kuyika mafupa... Opaleshoni alowererepo kawirikawiri ntchito, kokha pamene lalikulu chotupa kumasokoneza ntchito ya ziwalo.

Mankhwala olembedwa bwino amakhala ndi anti-relapse effect. Mankhwala a Chemotherapy amaledzera kwa nthawi yayitali, kuyambira miyezi 3 mpaka 5. Pochiza mitundu yowopsa ya lymphoma, mankhwala amphamvu kwambiri a chemotherapy ndi transplantation ya tsinde la hematopoietic amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Chenjerani!

Otsogolerawo sali ndi udindo uliwonse poyesa kugwiritsa ntchito zomwe zaperekedwa, ndipo sizikutsimikizira kuti sizikukuvulazani. Zipangizozo sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuperekera chithandizo chamankhwala ndikupanga matenda. Nthawi zonse muzifunsa dokotala wanu!