Tsopano Kumadzulo: ku USA ndi ku Ulaya - zasiya kukhala zapamwamba kwambiri kukhala zamasamba, ndipo zakhala "zotsatira" kukhala "vegan". Kuchokera apa kunabwera chidwi chakumadzulo: kuzunzidwa kwa mkaka. "Nyenyezi" zina zakumadzulo - zilibe kanthu kuti zili kutali kwambiri ndi sayansi ndi zamankhwala - zimalengeza poyera kuti zasiya mkaka ndikumva bwino - motero anthu ambiri amadzifunsa: mwina ine? Ngakhale, mwinamwake, kungakhale koyenera kudzinenera nokha: chabwino, wina anakana mkaka, ndiye chiyani? Ndikumva bwino - chabwino, kachiwiri, chavuta ndi chiyani? Ndipotu, osati thupi la anthu onse ndi osiyana, koma mamiliyoni a anthu ena (njira si wotchuka kwambiri) amamva bwino, ndi kudya mkaka? Koma nthawi zina ng'ombe reflex imakhala yamphamvu kwambiri mwa ife, timafuna "kukhala ngati nyenyezi" kotero kuti nthawi zina timakhala okonzeka kukana kuphunzira bwino ndi sayansi komanso chinthu chofunikira kwambiri. Anasintha kukhala chiyani? - ku "zakudya zapamwamba" zophunzitsidwa pang'ono, zodula komanso zosatsimikiziridwa - monga, mwachitsanzo, spirulina. Mfundo yakuti mkaka ndi mankhwala omwe amaphunziridwa bwino m'ma laboratories ndi m'magulu a zolemba zikuwoneka kuti sizikuvutitsanso aliyense. Panali mphekesera za "kuvulaza" kwa mkaka - ndipo pa inu, tsopano ndizowoneka kuti musamamwe. Koma kwa soya ndi mkaka wa amondi - kukhala ndi zowononga zambiri, kapena zinthu zokayikitsa, monga spirulina yemweyo, ndife adyera.
“Chizunzo cha mkaka” n’chomveka kwinakwake kumadera osauka kwambiri a ku Africa kuno ndiponso ku Arctic Circle, kumene kulibe mikhalidwe yaukhondo kapena chibadwa chofuna kumwa mkaka. Koma ku Russia ndi United States, zomwe zakhala zikuweta bwino nyama kuyambira nthawi zakale, zomwe zimatchedwa "dziko la ng'ombe" - izi ndi zachilendo. Komanso, kufalikira kwa matenda amtundu - kusagwirizana ndi mkaka, osati ku United States kapena m'dziko lathu sikudutsa 15%.
Zonse "zovulaza" kapena "zopanda pake" za mkaka kwa akuluakulu ndi nthano yopusa yomwe "imatsimikiziridwa" kokha ndi kuchuluka kwa "umboni" wovuta kwambiri, popanda kutchula kafukufuku wa sayansi kapena ziwerengero. Nthawi zambiri "umboni" woterewu umaperekedwa pamasamba a anthu omwe amagulitsa "zowonjezera zopatsa thanzi" kapena kuyesa kupanga ndalama mwa "kufunsa" anthu pazakudya (kudzera pa Skype, ndi zina). Anthu awa pafupifupi nthawi zonse amakhala kutali osati kokha ndi mankhwala azachipatala komanso zakudya, komanso kuyesa kowona mtima kufufuza nkhaniyi. Ndipo ndani, mwanjira yowoneka bwino yaku America, mwadzidzidzi adadzilemba ngati "zakudya". Zotsutsana zokomera kuvulaza mkaka nthawi zambiri zimakhala zopanda pake ndipo sizingapikisane ndi kuchuluka kwa data yasayansi pa. pindula mkaka. "Chizunzo cha mkaka" nthawi zambiri chimakhala chokhazikika komanso umboni womwe anthu amawononga "". Ku Russia, komwe kukumbukira zambiri zakale kumachitika "mopanda tanthauzo komanso mopanda chifundo", pali, mwatsoka, miliyoni imodzi yokha "yotsutsana ndi mkaka" mwaukali, masamba opangidwa mopanda kukoma.
Komano, Achimereka amakonda mfundo za sayansi; apatseni deta yofufuza, malipoti, zolemba m'magazini asayansi, iwo ndi okayikira. Komabe, ku Russia ndi ku United States, anthu savutika kawirikawiri ndi vuto la lactase: malinga ndi ziwerengero, m'mayiko onsewa, 5-15% yokha ya milandu. Koma mutha kuwona kusiyana pakati pa malingaliro a Azungu pa mkaka ndi "wathu" potengera zida zochokera kumasamba a chilankhulo cha Chirasha: omalizawo amalamuliridwa ndi malankhulidwe amaliseche, monga "mkaka ndi wabwino kwa ana okha." Mfundo yakuti sitikulankhula za mkaka wa mayi, koma mkaka wosiyana kotheratu, sizikuwoneka kuti zikuvutitsa olemba a "makangano" oterowo. Pazinthu zaku America, ndi anthu ochepa omwe angakumvereni popanda zonena za kafukufuku wasayansi. Nanga n’cifukwa ciani ndife okhulupilika?
Koma asayansi a ku America omwewo alemba mobwerezabwereza kuti vuto la tsankho la mkaka limakhudza makamaka anthu, kuphatikizapo anthu a ku Africa (Sudan ndi mayiko ena) ndi anthu a ku Far North. Anthu ambiri aku Russia, monga aku America, samakhudzidwa ndi nkhaniyi nkomwe. Ndani amatenthetsa - ndi chiyani, kwenikweni zithupsa - kukana kwa anthu kwa chinthu chothandiza ngati mkaka? Kuzunzidwa kwa mkaka kumafanana ndi "matenda" amtundu waku America ku tirigu ndi shuga: 0.3% ya anthu padziko lapansi ali ndi tsankho la gluten, ndipo thupi la munthu aliyense limafunikira shuga, popanda kupatula.
Chifukwa chiyani kukana zakutchire kotereku: kuchokera ku tirigu, kuchokera ku shuga, kuchokera ku mkaka? Kuchokera pazinthu zothandiza komanso zotsika mtengo, zomwe zimapezeka nthawi zambiri? Ndizotheka kuti sewero la zomwe zikuchitika ku US, Europe ndi Russia zikuchitidwa ndi anthu omwe ali ndi chidwi pazakudya. Izi zimachitikanso, mwina mwa dongosolo la opanga "mkaka" wa soya ndi zinthu zofanana. Pankhani ya chipwirikiti chokhudza kuvulaza koyerekeza kwa mkaka ndi kusagwirizana kwa mkaka komwe kumanenedwa kuti kufalikira (komwe kumawonetsedwa ngati "chizolowezi" m'mabodza otere!) Ndikosavuta kugulitsa "zakudya zapamwamba" zotsika mtengo komanso zolowa m'malo zamkaka ndi "njira zina" - amene akadali ovuta kwambiri m'malo zothandiza makhalidwe mkaka wokhazikika!
Panthawi imodzimodziyo, pali - ndipo adawonekera ku Western komanso m'mabuku athu osindikizira a intaneti - ndi deta yeniyeni ya kuopsa kwa mkaka kwa anthu ena.
Tiyeni tiyese kufotokoza mwachidule mfundo zenizeni za kuopsa kwa mkaka:
1. Kumwa mkaka nthawi zonse kumakhala kovulaza anthu omwe ali ndi matenda apadera - kusagwirizana kwa lactose. Kusalolera kwa Lactose ndi matenda amthupi omwe siachilendo kwa okhala ku Russia (kapena USA). Matendawa amapezeka nthawi zambiri pakati pa Amwenye a ku North America, ku Finland, m'mayiko ena a ku Africa, ku Thailand ndi angapo. Kusalolera kwa lactose ndi matenda omwe thupi silingathe kugaya lactose, mtundu wa shuga womwe umapezeka mu mkaka ndi mkaka. Matendawa amayamba chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa lactase, puloteni yomwe imathandiza kugaya lactose. Pafupifupi, mwachibadwa, anthu okhala ku Russia sakonda kusowa kwa lactase. Mwayi wokhala ndi "matenda a Finnish" akuyerekezedwa ndi 5% -20% mwayi wokhala m'dziko lathu. Nthawi yomweyo, pa intaneti (pamasamba owopsa kwambiri azakudya zamasamba ndi zakudya zaukali) nthawi zambiri mumatha kupeza 70%! - koma izi, kwenikweni, chiwerengero cha anthu padziko lonse lapansi (potengera Africa, China, etc.), osati ku Russia. Kuphatikiza apo, "kutentha kwapakati m'chipatala", kwenikweni, sikumapereka chilichonse kwa odwala kapena athanzi: mwina muli ndi kusagwirizana kwa lactose kapena mulibe, ndipo maperesenti onsewa sadzakupatsani chilichonse, nkhawa yokha! Monga mukudziwira, pali anthu osagwirizana m'maganizo omwe, powerenga za matenda aliwonse: kusagwirizana kwa lactose, matenda a celiac kapena mliri wa bubonic, nthawi yomweyo amapeza zizindikiro zake zoyambirira mwa iwo okha ... , atsimikiza kale kuti akhala akuvutika nalo kwa nthawi yaitali ! Kuonjezera apo, nthawi zina ngakhale pali "zizindikiro za kusagwirizana kwa mkaka", vutoli likhoza kukhala mu banal indigestion, ndipo lactose sangakhale nayo kanthu. Kuchokera pazochitika zanga, ndingawonjezere kuti kudya masamba atsopano tsiku ndi tsiku ndi nyemba zambiri - zomwe zimakhala zofala pakati pa anthu omwe angoyamba kumene kudya zakudya zosaphika komanso zamasamba - ndizo zimayambitsa kupsa mtima m'mimba kuposa mkaka.
Komabe, zikhale choncho, ndizotheka kudzizindikira nokha (komwe) kuperewera kwa lactazone, pakali pano, komanso popanda madokotala aliwonse! Ndi zophweka:
Imwani kapu ya mkaka wamba, womwe umagulitsidwa m'masitolo (pasteurized, "kuchokera pa phukusi") - mutatha kuubweretsa kwa chithupsa, ndikuwuzizira kutentha kovomerezeka;
Dikirani mphindi 30 mpaka 2 hours. (Panthawi yomweyi, ndinagonjetsa chiyeso choponya gawo la saladi ndi nyemba ndi nandolo). Zonse!
Ngati panthawiyi mukuwonetsa zizindikiro: intestinal colic, kuphulika koonekera, nseru kapena kusanza, kutsegula m'mimba (kuposa maulendo atatu a chimbudzi chosasinthika kapena chosasinthika patsiku) - ndiye inde, mwinamwake muli ndi vuto la lactose.
Osadandaula, chokumana nacho choterocho sichingawononge thanzi lanu. Zizindikiro zidzasiya ndi kusiya kumwa mkaka.
Tsopano, tcherani khutu: Kusalolera kwa Lactose sikutanthauza kuti simungamwe mkaka konse! Zimangotanthauza kuti mkaka watsopano ndi woyenera kwa inu. Kodi mkaka watsopano ndi chiyani - waiwisi, "wochokera pansi pa ng'ombe", kapena chiyani? Bwanji, ndizowopsa, ena anganene. Ndipo inde, ndikoopsa kumwa mkaka mwachindunji pansi pa ng'ombe masiku ano. Koma mkaka watsopano, wowotcha kapena "waiwisi" umaganiziridwa pa tsiku la mkaka, m'maola oyambirira pambuyo pa kutentha koyamba (kuwira) - zofunikira kuti zitetezedwe ndi mabakiteriya a pathogenic omwe angakhale nawo! Mwasayansi: mkaka woterewu uli ndi ma enzymes onse ofunikira kuti azigaya chakudya (kupangitsa autolysis)! M'malo mwake, ndi mkaka "wauwisi". Chifukwa chake, ngakhale kusalolera kwa lactose, "famu", mkaka "watsopano", womwe sunaphikebe, ndiwoyenera. Muyenera kugula pa tsiku la kukama ndi kubweretsa izo kwa chithupsa nokha, ndi kudya izo posachedwapa.
2. Si zachilendo kuwerenga kuti pali umboni wa sayansi wakuti kumwa mkaka kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha khansa ya m'mimba ndi khansa ya m'mawere. Palibe maphunziro okhutiritsa omwe achitika pa izi, ku chidziwitso changa. Zomwe zimatsutsana komanso zoyambira zasayansi zalandiridwa mobwerezabwereza. Zonsezi zili pa siteji ya zongopeka, ntchito, koma zosatsimikizika hypotheses.
3. Mkaka - ndi wochuluka, wopatsa mphamvu. Inde, ku United States, kumene mmodzi mwa atatu alionse ndi onenepa, zaka 30 zapitazo anayamba kugwedeza mkaka, umene amati umanenepa. Ndipo fashoni ya mkaka wosakanizidwa kapena "wopepuka" ndi yoghurt yamafuta ochepa yapita (kaya mankhwalawa ali athanzi kapena ovulaza ndi kukambirana kosiyana). Ndipo bwanji osangochepetsa kudya kwa calorie, kusiya mkaka muzakudya zomwe zili zathanzi pazifukwa zina zambiri? Ndizotheka kuti opanga "mkaka wa amondi" ndi soya "mkaka", womwe umatsogolera kukula kwa mabere mwa amuna, sangakhale opindulitsa ...
4. Pambuyo pa zaka 55, kumwa mkaka sikuvulaza, koma kuyenera kukhala kochepa (1 galasi patsiku. Chowonadi ndi chakuti patapita zaka 50, mwayi wa atherosulinosis ukuwonjezeka kwambiri, ndipo mkaka si wothandizira pano. Nthawi yomweyo, sayansi imawona kuti mkaka ndi madzimadzi achilengedwe omwe munthu amatha kudya moyo wake wonse: palibe "malire" okhwima.
5. Kuipitsidwa kwa mkaka ndi zinthu zapoizoni ndi ma radionuclides kumabweretsa chiwopsezo chenicheni ku thanzi la munthu. Nthawi yomweyo, m'maiko onse otukuka padziko lapansi, mkaka umakhala ndi chiphaso chovomerezeka, pomwe mkaka umayesedwa, mwa zina, chifukwa cha radiation, chitetezo chamankhwala ndi zachilengedwe, komanso zomwe zili mu GMO. Ku Russian Federation, mkaka sungathe kulowa mu network yogawa popanda kupititsa chiphaso chotere! Kuopsa kwa mkaka wosagwirizana ndi ukhondo kulipo, mwachidziwitso, makamaka m'mayiko a ku Africa, ndi zina zotero: m'mayiko ena osatukuka, otentha komanso osauka kwambiri padziko lapansi. Ayi ndithu ku Russia...
Tsopano - mawu achitetezo. Ponena za kumwa mkaka, pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zitha kutchulidwa, zomwe, zilinso pazabodza zotsutsana ndi mkaka! - nthawi zambiri amakhala chete kapena kuyesa kutsutsa:
ndi mitundu ina ya mkaka wopangidwa m’mafakitale inaphunziridwa bwino ndi sayansi kalelo m’zaka za zana la 40-20. Ubwino wamkaka wa ng'ombe watsimikiziridwa mobwerezabwereza komanso mosatsutsika ndi sayansi: m'maphunziro a labotale komanso moyesera, kuphatikiza m'magulu a anthu opitilira XNUMX, omwe adawonedwa kwa zaka zopitilira XNUMX (!). Palibe “cholowa m’malo mwa mkaka” monga soya kapena “mkaka wa amondi” umene ungadzitamandire ngati umboni wa sayansi wothandiza.
Anthu omwe amadya zakudya zosaphika komanso zamasamba nthawi zambiri amawona mkaka ngati "acidifying" mankhwala, pamodzi ndi mazira ndi nyama. Koma sichoncho! Mkaka watsopano umakhala ndi acidity pang'ono komanso acidity ya pH = 6,68: poyerekeza ndi "zero" acidity pa pH = 7, imakhala pafupifupi madzi osalowerera ndale. Kutentha mkaka kumachepetsanso oxidizing katundu. Ngati muwonjezera katsitsumzukwa ka soda ku mkaka wotentha, chakumwa choterocho ndi alkalizing!
Ngakhale "mafakitale" pasteurized mkaka muli chotero, Komanso, mu mawonekedwe mosavuta digestible kuti munthu akhoza kulemba encyclopedia kuti alembe zopindulitsa zake. Mkaka wokazinga ndi wosavuta komanso wachangu kuti thupi la munthu ligayidwe kuposa zinthu zambiri "zauwisi" komanso "zanyama". Ndipo ngakhale mkaka wogulidwa m'sitolo ndi mkaka wonse wa kanyumba tchizi zimagayidwanso kuposa, mwachitsanzo, soya. Ngakhale mkaka "woipitsitsa" umaphwanyidwa kwa maola awiri: mofanana ndi saladi ya masamba ndi masamba, mtedza wothiridwa kale ndi mphukira. Chifukwa chake "kugaya kwambiri mkaka" ndi nthano yazakudya zopanda nyama.
Mkaka - katulutsidwe kabwino ka thupi kanyama kanyama kanyama (kuphatikiza ng'ombe ndi mbuzi). Chotero mwachisawawa sichingatchedwe chotulukapo cha chiwawa. Nthawi yomweyo, 0.5 malita a mkaka amakhutiritsa 20% ya zomwe thupi limafunikira tsiku lililonse: chifukwa chake, mkaka ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu zazakudya zamakhalidwe abwino, "zopanda kupha". Mwa njira, 0.5 malita omwewo a mkaka patsiku amachepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima ndi 20% - kotero mkaka (mosiyana ndi nyama) suphabe anthu, osati ng'ombe zokha.
Miyezo yeniyeni ya thanzi labwino, kumwa mkaka wathanzi, kuphatikizapo. ng'ombe, munthu pa chaka. Russian Academy of Medical Sciences (RAMS) amalimbikitsa kumwa 392 makilogalamu mkaka ndi mkaka pachaka (izi, ndithudi, zikuphatikizapo kanyumba tchizi, yoghurt, tchizi, kefir, batala, etc.). Ngati mukuganiza mozama kwambiri, muyenera kumwa lita imodzi ya mkaka ndi mkaka tsiku lililonse kuti mukhale ndi thanzi. Osati mkaka watsopano wa ng'ombe wothandiza, komanso.
Malinga ndi ziwerengero, kumwa mkaka ndi mkaka m'masiku athu "olimbana ndi zovuta" kwatsika ndi pafupifupi 30% (!) Poyerekeza ndi zaka za m'ma 1990… , kuphatikizapo kuwonongeka kwa mano ndi mafupa, zomwe madokotala amakonda kunena? Izi ndizomvetsa chisoni kwambiri, chifukwa lero ku Moscow ndi mizinda ina ikuluikulu yapamwamba, kuphatikizapo mkaka watsopano ndi "zaulimi" zatsopano za mkaka zilipo kale kwa anthu ambiri, ngakhale ndi ndalama zochepa komanso zochepa. Mwina tisunge "zakudya zapamwamba" zotsogola ndikuyamba kumwanso - ngakhale zitakhala zosasinthika, koma zathanzi - mkaka?