Malamulo okolola bowa: chikumbutso chachidule

Kuthyola bowa m'nkhalango sikuti kumangofunafuna matupi a fruiting kuti agwiritse ntchito pophikira. Kumakhalanso kumasuka, zosangalatsa, njira yothera maola angapo mwakachetechete, kusangalala ndi kukongola kwa chilengedwe, kulota, kuganiza za chinthu chapamwamba. Kapena, m'malo mwake, mutha kusankha bowa monga momwe amalangizira ena amateurs - mu kampani yachimwemwe, ndi nyimbo ndi nthabwala.

anthu okhalamo akhala akusonyeza chikondi nthaŵi zonse pa chilengedwe. Zokolola za bowa, kapena "bowa", zaka sizikondwerera nyengo iliyonse - zonse zimadalira nyengo ya nyengo. Aliyense ayenera kutsatira malamulo osavuta otola bowa, omwe angakutetezeni ku poizoni ndikubweretsa chisangalalo chachikulu kuchokera ku "kusaka mwabata".

Muphunzira kuthyola bowa m'nkhalango powerenga zomwe zili patsamba lino.

Momwe mungathyole bowa m'nkhalango

Kukumbutsa mwachidule lamulo lothyola bowa ndi motere:

• Mulimonsemo, tayani bowa wosadziwika bwino, ngakhale mutakhala ndi kukaikira pang'ono, kumbukirani kuti ngakhale bowa limodzi lokayikitsa limatha kukuwonongerani moyo wanu.
• Kwa nthawi yoyamba kapena osadziwa zambiri, pitani kunkhalango ndi otchera bowa odziwa zambiri omwe mumawadziwa bwino, gwiritsani ntchito mabuku ofotokozera.
• Potsatira malamulo oyambira, kutola bowa kuyenera kuchitidwa m'malo oyera, kutali ndi mizinda ndi mabizinesi akuluakulu, pamtunda wa pafupifupi 500 metres kuchokera kumisewu yayikulu.
• Musatenge bowa akale ndi zitsanzo ngakhale ndi zizindikiro zochepa za nkhungu.
• Bowa ayenera kukolola, kusungidwa ndi kusungidwa motsatira maphikidwe a akatswiri odziwa zambiri.
• Osagula bowa kwa ogulitsa osadziwika komanso pakalibe sitolo yovomerezeka.

Onani chithunzi cha momwe mungathyole bowa m'nkhalango:

Pitani kunkhalango muzovala zolimba, zotsekedwa, onetsetsani kuvala chipewa, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera udzudzu ndi nkhupakupa, gwedezani zovala mutayenda m'nkhalango, funsani dokotala nthawi yomweyo ngati nkhupakupa zimapezeka pathupi lanu (m'madera ena, nkhupakupa sizili. encephalitic ndi zizindikiro zoyamba za poyizoni fruiting matupi.

Kanemayu akufotokoza za kuthyola koyenera kwa bowa m'nkhalango:

Zida zoyenera kunyamula

Sikokwanira kudziwa kuthyola bowa molondola. Popita kunkhalango, otola bowa amafunika kukhala ndi zida zoyenera. Apo ayi, maulendo a m'nkhalango angabweretse mavuto a thanzi.

Malinga ndi malamulo othyola bowa m'nkhalango, chovomerezeka chiyenera kukhala ndi:

• suti yopanda madzi panyengo yamvula;
• jeans yolimba ndi jekete ngati chowombera mphepo chomwe sichiluma ndi udzudzu komanso ngakhale mavu, chifukwa cha nyengo youma ndi dzuwa;
• nsapato mu nyengo yamvula ndi yonyowa, komanso m'mawa pamene udzu wanyowa ndi mame;
• nsapato zamasewera zomasuka komanso zolimba monga sneakers for dry weather;
• dzanja kapena thumba kampasi, musaiwale kudziwa mbali ina pamene kulowa m'nkhalango;
• mankhwala oletsa udzudzu;
• mpeni wakuthwa wa bowa, makamaka pindani;
• dengu likufunika, musatenge matumba apulasitiki: mkati mwake, bowa amaphwanyidwa ndikuwonongeka pasadakhale;
• Ngati musonkhanitsa bowa zamitundu yosiyanasiyana, pakati pawo pali ma raincoats ndi hedgehogs, momwe misana imagwera ndikumamatira ku bowa ena onse, kapena mokruhi, yomwe imatha kuwononga mitundu ina yonse, komanso tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ta ndowe, ndiye kuti muyenera kupanga chimodzi kapena ziwiri mu magawo a dengu kapena kutenganso dengu laling'ono;
• chipewa kapena mpango m'nkhalango ndikofunikira.

Okolola bowa ambiri akuyembekezera kuyamba kwa nyengo ya autumn. Sizongochitika mwangozi kuti autumn amaimbidwa ndi olemba ndakatulo ambiri, kodi munthu angagwirizane bwanji modekha ndi masamba okongola a golide ndi kukongola kwapadera kwa nkhalango ya autumn! Pali bowa wambiri m'dzinja. Komabe, bowa amatha kukolola nthawi iliyonse pachaka. Mukungofunika kudziwa komwe mungayang'ane komanso nthawi yake. Ndipo, ndithudi, musaiwale za malamulo oyambirira osonkhanitsa bowa wodyedwa.

Good bowa otola m'dzinja kukonzekera zambiri m'matangadza a kuzifutsa, mchere, mazira, zouma bowa, amene mokwanira mpaka nyengo yotsatira.

Sakani malo a bowa

Nyengo imakhudza kwambiri nthawi ya fruiting ndi kuchuluka kwa kusonkhanitsa. Mwachitsanzo, m'chilimwe chamvula kwambiri cha 2008 m'chigawo chapakati cha Dziko Lathu, kukolola kwakukulu kwa bowa wa autumn kunawonedwa mwezi umodzi kale kuposa nthawi zonse - kuyambira pa August 15 mpaka 25. Kusokonezeka kwa nyengo kunakhudzanso zokolola: nsonga inali yamphamvu, koma yochepa. - adakhala, m'masiku 10 bowa onse a uchi adatsika. Kusokonezekaku kudakhudzanso mfundo yakuti m'zaka zoyamba zokolola bowa wa m'dzinja, bowa lililonse linali ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ta bulauni. Komanso, mu 2008 panali pachimake yokolola bowa yozizira. Ambiri okongola kwambiri a ngale-ofiira ndi bulauni-chikasu chonyezimira bowa anali pa spruces, ndipo mu 2009 ndi 2010 - chikasu-bulauni m'mapaki. Mu 2011, panali bowa ochepa, koma m'malo achinyezi munali bowa wambiri ndi bowa waku Poland. Mu 2012, panali bowa ochepa, russula ndi chanterelles ochepa, koma chilengedwe sichikhala "chopanda kanthu", m'chaka chomwecho munali bowa ambiri okondedwa oyera.

Ngati tilingalira za mabanja osiyanasiyana a bowa wodyedwa, ndiye kuti tikhoza kunena motsimikiza kuti pali malo abwino a bowa kumene mitundu ya bowa wamtengo wapatali imamera nthawi zosiyanasiyana kapena zaka zosiyanasiyana.

Ngati mwazindikira malo atatu kapena anayi otere a bowa, ndiye kuti mungakhale otsimikiza kuti sadzakukhumudwitsani ndipo adzapitiriza kukusangalatsani ndi mitundu yatsopano ya bowa, malingana ndi nyengo ndi nyengo.

Choncho, mawu odziwika bwino amawonekeratu kuti ndikofunikira, choyamba, kufufuza malo a bowa, ndiye kuti padzakhala bowa okha.

Nthawi zina, kuyang'ana koyenera kumakwanira kuzindikira malo abwino a bowa. Chifukwa chake, nkhalango ya paini imawoneka kutali, nthawi zambiri m'mphepete mwa mitsinje ndi malo osungira, nthawi zambiri pamakhala agulugufe, shampignons, bowa wa porcini, bowa, bowa wamasika. Koma malo a "chisa" (kumene bowa wa autumn ndi chilimwe amamera) nthawi zambiri amakhala m'malo otchinga mphepo, komwe kuli mitengo yambiri yakugwa ndi zitsa. Kuwonjezera apo, pali ambiri a iwo pafupi ndi nyumba zazing'ono zachilimwe ndi midzi, kumene kuli mitengo yambiri yodulidwa ndi yosweka ndi zitsa.

Apa mutha kuwona zithunzi zingapo zakuthyola bowa m'nkhalango»:

Kufalikira kwa fungal spores

Pophunzira kuthyola bowa moyenera, mutha kubweretsa chisangalalo kwa ena ngati mufalitsa spores pafupi ndi nyumba zogonamo. Kuchita zimenezi sikutengera khama lalikulu. Muyenera kudziwa kuti porcini, boletus, boletus, bowa, bowa wamkaka ndi bowa zina zomwe mumakonda zimakula bwino mu symbiosis ndi mizu ya zomera ndi mitengo ina. Zitha kukhala spruce, birch, phulusa lamapiri, paini, alder, ferns, mosses ndi zina zotero.

Ngati m'munda wanu waubwenzi kapena m'mudzi muli kanjira ka birch, firs, pine, ndiye kuti mutha kuthira madzi osakanikirana ndi bowa akale pafupi ndi mizu. Nthawi zambiri amataya bowa wakale wa porcini, boletus, boletus. Tengani pansi kuchokera kwa iwo, kapena gawo la tubular pansi pa chipewa. Lili ndi spores zambiri. Muziganiza m'madzi ofunda, ndipo apa muli ndi njira yothetsera kubzala. Kenako, kutsanulira yankho pansi pa mitengo ya Khirisimasi, birches, phiri phulusa ndi mitengo ina. Chotsatira chake, ndi aulesi okhawo omwe samasonkhanitsa boletus, boletus ndi bowa zina zamtengo wapatali mumsewu pafupi ndi nyumba.