Bowa: magulu amtengo wapatali ndi ntchito

Ngakhale kuti mycology ngati nthambi ya biology yomwe imaphunzira bowa idachokera m'zaka za zana la XNUMX, padakali mafunso ambiri osayankhidwa. Choncho, sizikudziwikiratu ngati chinthu chophunziridwacho ndi cha zomera kapena zinyama. Sizinatsimikizidwe ngati matupi a fruiting, omwe amaonedwa kuti ndi oopsa, ndi owopsa kwambiri. Sizikudziwika bwino momwe bowa wodyeramo angagwiritsire ntchito. Palinso mfundo zina zambiri zomwe sanazidziwe zokhudza chiyambi cha bowa ndi momwe anthu amagwiritsira ntchito.

M'mbuyomu, ankakhulupirira kuti mbiri ya maphunziro a bowa inachokera ku China ndipo ili ndi zaka zoposa zikwi ziwiri. Komabe, posachedwapa, chochitika chomwe chakhala chochititsa chidwi chadziwika m'mayiko a ku Ulaya. M’mapiri a Alps a ku Tyrolean, mwamuna wina wozizira anapezedwa m’malo oundana oundana, wotchedwa Otsi. Zinali zotheka kukhazikitsa ndi njira ya radiocarbon kuti munthu wakale wapadziko lathu lapansi adagwera mu ukapolo wa ayezi zaka 5300 zapitazo. Chodabwitsa kwambiri pazomwe adapeza ndikuti bowa adapezeka ndi munthu wakale uyu. Imodzi mwa izo inali ntchentche yoyera, yomwe inkakhala ngati chithumwa cha munthu. Bowa zina zitatu zouma ndi zowuma zinali ndi asidi yemwe anali wofanana ndi mankhwala ophera maantibayotiki pochiritsa.

Magulu a bowa ndi momwe angagwiritsire ntchito moyenera akufotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane m'nkhaniyi.

Ndi magulu ati omwe ali bowa wamtchire

Poyamba, bowa ankadziwika kuti ndi zomera, koma m'zaka za m'ma 1990 ndi kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 2000, zambiri zinalembedwa kuti bowa ndi nyama. Zimenezi n’zosadabwitsa chifukwa katundu wambiri amaziphatikiza ndi nyama. Mwachitsanzo, majeremusi maselo a bowa mu mawonekedwe a plasmodium pa nyengo kuswana akhoza kuyenda pa liwiro la 5 mm pa ola.

Bowa amagawidwa m'magulu 4 malinga ndi zakudya:

• Gulu loyamba - mitundu ya nkhalango yamtengo wapatali komanso yokoma, yopatsa bowa wabwino kwambiri (woyera, bowa wamkaka, bowa, bowa wa Kaisara).
• Gulu lachiwiri - bowa wabwino komanso wamtengo wapatali wapamwamba, koma osati wabwino kwambiri (boletus, boletus, boletus, chanterelles, champignons, volnushki, bowa wa uchi).
• Gulu lachitatu - bowa wodyedwa wapakatikati komanso kukoma (bowa wa moss, russula, bowa wakuda, chanterelles, valui),
• Gulu la 4 - bowa wamtchire wamtengo wapatali (mizere, ma cobwebs ndi ena).

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti magulu a mitundu ikuluikulu ya bowa amatanthauzidwa ndikuvomerezedwa mu "Malamulo aukhondo okolola, kukonza ndi kugulitsa bowa SP 2.3.4.009-93". Podziwa kuti ndi bowa wanji, mutha kukonzekera momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito.

Gawo lotsatira la nkhaniyi likufotokoza za mmene munthu amagwiritsira ntchito bowa.

Zophikira ndi mankhwala ntchito bowa

Ndizodabwitsanso kuti kugwiritsa ntchito bowa watsopano wa m'nkhalango ndizotheka chaka chonse, kuphatikizapo nyengo yachisanu.

Bowa ndi zodabwitsa zachilengedwe, cholinga chawo chachikulu pa moyo wa munthu ndi motere:

• Kugwiritsa ntchito bowa pokonzekera zakudya zokoma, zathanzi komanso zotsika mtengo (kwanthawi yayitali m'Dziko Lathu, pakusala kudya, amadya bowa wamkaka, chanterelles, agariki wa uchi, bowa ndi bowa).
• Kuphika ndi zakudya zamtengo wapatali zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa maphwando komanso pamisonkhano yapamwamba.
• Kupanga machiritso ndi mankhwala owerengeka, mwachitsanzo, kuchokera ku raincoats (chifukwa cha hemostatic), etc.
• Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa bowa mu mankhwala opangira mankhwala ndi mankhwala pamagulu a mafakitale, mwachitsanzo, kupanga flammulin kuchokera ku bowa yozizira, yomwe imakhala ndi anti-inflammatory and antitumor effect.
• Bowa ndi wapadera mu zosiyanasiyana katundu wawo. Zinthu izi ziyenera kuphunziridwa mozama. Pali lingaliro la asayansi kuti bowa ali ndi zofunikira zonse zothandiza ndi mankhwala kwa anthu, koma ena mwa iwo adaphunzira kwathunthu. M'zaka zaposachedwapa, chidwi mankhwala a bowa chawonjezeka nthawi zambiri. Chifukwa cha izi chagona pakupeza zinthu zingapo zatsopano ndi bowa zomwe zili ndi anti-cancer ndi anti-infective properties zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga mankhwala omwe amathandiza nthawi iliyonse ya matendawa, mwachitsanzo, mankhwala opangidwa ndi mankhwala. birch chaga. Komabe, pali mbali ina. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa bowa onse mosasankha kumayambitsa poizoni, mawonetseredwe a hallucinogenic komanso imfa.
• Kupeza chisangalalo kuchokera ku "kusaka bowa". Masiku ano, mitundu yoposa miliyoni imodzi ya bowa imadziwika, ndipo mitundu 100 yokha ndiyomwe yaphunziridwa. Chilengedwe, titero, chimatiuza: phunzirani ndikugwiritsa ntchito bowa mokwanira, koma mwaluso! Anthu a ku Japan amakhulupirira kuti ngati mumadya magalamu 100 a bowa tsiku lililonse, ndiye kuti munthu sadzakhala ndi matenda a oncological. Bowa amatha kuchiza, mankhwala ambiri othandiza apezeka kwa iwo, ndipo enanso sanafufuzidwebe. Atha kukhala ndi poizoni, koma amathanso kuchiritsidwa. Bowa ndi wosiyana kwambiri ndi katundu wawo kotero kuti zikuwoneka kuti munthu angapeze mankhwala ochizira matenda aliwonse mwa iwo, koma chifukwa cha izi ndikofunikira kupitiliza kafukufuku wambiri. Munthu akhoza kutsutsana kapena kuvomerezana ndi maganizo a asayansi ponena za katundu wa mitundu yambiri ya zamoyo, koma chinthu chimodzi ndi chodziwikiratu: kuthekera kothandiza kwa bowa ndi kwakukulu. Derali lili ndi tsogolo labwino!

Kodi munthu angagwiritse ntchito bwanji bowa wa m’nkhalango moyenera

Pankhani ya zakudya zamtengo wapatali komanso zakudya zopatsa thanzi, bowa sali otsika kwa nyama, koma mapuloteni awo ndi ovuta kukumba ndipo amafuna chithandizo cha kutentha kwa nthawi yaitali ndi kugaya. Izi zimagwiranso ntchito kwa mitundu yambiri, koma osati mafangasi onse. Koma kuyamwa kwa macro- ndi ma microelements omwe ali mkati mwake kumabweretsa zabwino zosakayikitsa, makamaka m'nyengo yozizira. Kukhalapo kwa mavitamini ndi ma amino acid ofunikira, kusowa kwake komwe kumakhudza kwambiri magwiridwe antchito a thupi, makamaka, kumapangitsa kugwiritsa ntchito bowa kukhala kosangalatsa, komanso kothandiza.

Kuletsa kungakhale ndi exacerbation wa matenda a m`mimba thirakiti, kutali ndulu, aakulu kapamba ndi cholecystitis. Muyenera nthawi zonse kuyerekezera zomverera kuchokera ku chakudya chomwe mumadya ndi mkhalidwe wamkati mwanu ndikuyandikira zokonda zapagulu. Kenako zokometsera za bowa zidzabweretsa chisangalalo chachikulu ndikupindula.

Kuchiza kutentha m'njira iliyonse yomwe bowa amaphikira sikuti nthawi zonse kumapangitsa bowa kukhala wotetezeka kudya. Choncho, nkhumba zowonda zimadziunjikira zinthu zapoizoni. Zoonadi, kuchokera ku ntchito imodzi, zotsatira zoipa sizikuwoneka, koma nthawi yayitali imayambitsa kusintha kwa magazi ndi kuwonongeka kwa maselo a chiwindi. Ndicho chifukwa chake nkhumba zowonda zimatchedwa bowa wakupha.

Mkhalidwewo ndi wofanana ndi mizere wamba. Kuwiritsa mwachizolowezi kwa mphindi 15-20 ndikukhetsa madzi kumakupatsani mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito kamodzi pang'ono. Komabe, kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo mobwerezabwereza kumabweretsa zotsatira zoipa m'mimba ndi maonekedwe a ululu, choncho amakhalanso owopsa.

Anthu ndi odziwa kuphika. Maphikidwe amaperekedwa ku mibadwomibadwo pakati pa anthu akumidzi. Anthu okhala m'mizinda amawonjezera maphikidwe achikhalidwe chodyeramo zakudya zakunja, makamaka za ku Italy ndi ku Japan.