Bowa waukulu womwe umamera pano ndi: boletus, bowa wa aspen (pang'ono), bowa wa batala, bowa wa tsabola, russula ndi bowa wachikasu wa sulfure.
Bowa wa Boletus ndi wofunika kwambiri pakati pa bowa wodyedwa. Awa ndi bowa wokhala ndi zipewa zofiirira zamitundu yosiyanasiyana, zoyera zotuwa zokongoletsedwa ndi mawonekedwe a zikwapu zakuda m'munsi "kuti zifanane ndi miyendo ya birch" ndi wosanjikiza wonyezimira-woyera; Mapangidwe apamwamba. Anthu ambiri amakhulupirira mosasamala kuti mitengo ya boletus imamera pansi pa mitengo ya birch. Koma izi siziri zoona. Palibe ambiri mwa iwo pansi pa mitengo ya birch. Iwo amakula momasuka mu dambo wosanganiza otsika nkhalango; koposa zonse zimachitika: pansi pa misondodzi yoyera, misondodzi, aspens, m'madera achithaphwi. Ena amaganiza chilichonse chomwe mungafune pa iwo: bowa wa aspen, ngakhale bowa wa porcini. Koma: bowa wa aspen amamera kwenikweni m'nkhalango za aspen (pansi pa aspens) ndipo amadziwika ndi chipewa cha mithunzi yofiira [kawirikawiri, yomwe imamera m'malo ena - pine, magazi ofiira]; bowa wa porcini ayenera kukhala ndi tsinde wandiweyani nthawi imodzi osasintha mtundu wa thupi pa odulidwa / kupuma. Inde, mitengo yaing'ono ya boletus imafanana ndi yoyera m'mawonekedwe awo, koma, pokhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira (mtundu wobiriwira) pa odulidwawo, amalankhula okha. Anthu akhoza kufika misinkhu yokulirapo. Chifukwa chake, kumapeto kwa Seputembala chaka chino, ndapeza bowa woyenera kwathunthu wokhala ndi kapu m'mimba mwake kuposa masentimita 20 ndi kulemera kwa theka la kilogalamu. Ndikufuna kukuchenjezani: musakhale aumbombo ndikusankha bowa wokhwima. Amakhala ndi fungo loyipa komanso kukoma kosasangalatsa, ndipo amatha kuwononga mbiri yawo yolemekezeka ndi omwe amakumana nawo. Pali mitundu pafupifupi khumi ndi iwiri yamtunduwu. Chifukwa chake, boletus wamba (woyimira bwino kwambiri) amamera pansi pa mitengo ya birch, ndipo ena onse (imvi boletus (hornbeam), wakuda, wowawa, madambo (woyera), akuda ...) - m'malo ena. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti bowa wa boletus ndi bowa omwe amakula padera, choncho amafunikabe kuyang'aniridwa.
Boletus - bowa wamkulu komanso wandiweyani kuposa boletus. Amakula pang'ono m'dera lofotokozedwa. Amapezekanso m'mitundu khumi ndi iwiri. Kotero, ndinapeza: boletus wofiira (chipewa chofiira lalanje), chofiira-bulauni (chipewa chofiira), kawirikawiri choyera (chipewa cha kirimu). Kumayambiriro kwa June chaka chino, ndinapeza boletus imodzi yofiira magazi pansi pa mtengo wa oak: tsinde lake ndi lalitali kwambiri, koma lopanda kanthu mkati, kapu ndi yofiira-bulauni.
Boletus ndi boletus (boletus) amabala zipatso kuyambira kumapeto kwa Meyi mpaka koyambirira kwa Okutobala; pachimake - kumapeto kwa August - September.
BALATA - bowa ndi wochepa, koma: wosakhwima mu kukoma ndi kununkhira, amakula m'mabanja ang'onoang'ono - ndipo amathanso kuyimba moyenerera. Bowa, mosiyana ndi omwe adafotokozedwa pamwambapa, amakonda kwambiri chinyezi. Pakati pa agulugufe ndi bowa wa boletus, palinso ntchentche yofiira: bowa wochepa kwambiri, makamaka pafupifupi 4 masentimita awiri. Agulugufe amakula kuyambira Julayi mpaka Seputembala.
PEPPER BRUSH - bowa yemwe amakula mochuluka kwambiri ndipo amakula mpaka kukula mochititsa chidwi. Zatsopano, zikatafunidwa, zimatentha kwambiri - pamodzi ndi tsabola, motero dzina lake. Iwo akhoza kudyedwa pambuyo 3 masiku akuwukha ndi otentha mchere ndi kuzifutsa. (Mutha kugwiritsanso ntchito ngati ufa wouma - monga zokometsera.) Koma bowa uwu ndi wochepa kwambiri, ndipo si onse omwe amakonda kukoma kwake.
Palinso ma RUSUSULES ambiri omwe akukula - ochulukirapo pakati pa ma aspens ndi ma pine: wobiriwira-wobiriwira (chipewa ndi chotuwa), chokongola (chipewa chimakhala chofiyira chokhala ndi mitsempha yoyera ndi madera, kukoma kowawa), nthawi zambiri chikasu, choyera ... Koma russula ndi bowa womwe uli kutali kwambiri ndi zizindikiro zabwino za kukoma , ndipo ngakhale ali ndi cholinga chimodzi choipa: amaphwanyidwa kwambiri panthawi ya mayendedwe. Choncho, ndikupangira kutola bowa pokhapokha ngati palibe kapena kusowa kwabwino: boletus, boletus, mafuta. Russula akhoza kukhala stewed, yokazinga, kuzifutsa, mchere.
Tinder fungus SULPHUR YELLOW ndi mafangasi omwe amamera pazitsa ndi mitengo ikuluikulu, makamaka msondodzi. Iye, wamng'ono, wa makhalidwe apamwamba kwambiri: thupi la fruiting ndi lachifundo, mu fungo ndi mawonekedwe amafanana ndi nyama ya nkhuku. Amatha kukula mpaka 5-7 kg. Zimachitika kawirikawiri. Bowa wakale amakhala wolimba, ndipo kadyedwe kake kamatsika kwambiri.
Pakati pa bowa wodyedwa, pang'ono amameranso: ndowe kafadala, puffballs, champignons, cobwebs, pinki volushki (mu mabulosi akuda), lacquers, flakes, ngakhale bowa safironi ndi bowa wina.
Bowa wodyera nthawi yozizira (Oktoba, Novembala) - mzere wa poplar, honey honey agaric (flamulina) ndi autumn honey agaric. Koma zambiri za iwo m'magazini yotsatira.
Bowa wambiri wapoizoni amameranso pakati pa bowa: wofiira ndi panther fly agaric, nkhumba yopyapyala, yotumbululuka grebe (!), Komanso bowa wakupha wodziwika pang'ono.
PALE TOADS, kapena, mwasayansi, Amanita GREEN, ndizofala kwambiri. Onani, musasokoneze ndi bowa wodyedwa !!! Sindikulangizanso kuwononga, chifukwa ndi gawo la chilengedwe, komanso limagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pazachilengedwe. Pali anthu omwe amadziwonetsera ngati champignons. (Palinso zina, zofanana, zouluka agarics: kasupe, zoyera zoyera.) Ndipo ngati bowa wodulidwa, molakwika ndi champignon, ali ndi mbale zoyera, osati zamitundumitundu (kuchokera ku pinki kupita ku chokoleti), - popanda kukayikira, ziponyeni kunja ! M’moyo wanga munali zinthu zambiri ngati zimenezi.
Ponena za Nkhumba yowonda (kwa anthu athu amalankhulidwa ndi opha nyama, nkhumba), uyunso ndi bowa wosatetezeka. Zili ndi, monga red fly agaric, muscarine, komanso, antigen puloteni yomwe imawononga maselo ofiira a magazi ndipo imakhudza kwambiri impso. Nkhumba ndi yopyapyala ndipo kwa nthawi yayitali inkawoneka ngati yodyera, koma, malinga ndi kafukufuku waposachedwa wa labotale komanso zowona zakupha komanso kufa chifukwa cha vuto lake, kuyambira 1981 idadziwika kuti ndi yapoizoni. Koma ngakhale lero, ambiri othyola bowa amanyalanyaza izi. Inde, ndikumvetsa - choyamba, bowa ndi waukulu kwambiri ndipo amakula mochuluka, ndipo kachiwiri, zotsatira zakupha zogwiritsira ntchito chakudya sizichitika kwa aliyense ndipo osati mwamsanga - pambuyo pa zaka. Koma, komabe, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti zitha kukhala bomba lanthawi ndipo, ndikugwiritsa ntchito nthawi zonse, panthawi inayake, kulenga kosasinthika. Choncho, ndikupempha aliyense ndi aliyense: musakhale aumbombo, sonkhanitsani bowa wina, wodalirika; Kumbukirani, Mulungu amapulumutsa otetezeka.