12% yaimfa imadza chifukwa cha matenda opuma, ndipo chomwe chimayambitsa kusowa kwa ntchito kwa achinyamata masiku ano ndi chifukwa cha matenda opuma. ENT ndi chisamaliro cha m'mapapo chifukwa chake ndizodetsa nkhawa kwambiri zaumoyo. Kuchiza kwa zinthu zina kupuma kumaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito nebulizer. Chipangizo chachipatala chaposachedwa ichi chimapangitsa kuti athe kugawira mankhwala mu mawonekedwe a aerosol mwachindunji m'mapweya.

Nebulizer, kapena nebulizer, imapangitsa kuti pakhale kusintha kwa mankhwala amadzimadzi kukhala aerosol, ndiko kuti mu madontho abwino kwambiri omwe azilowetsedwa mwachangu komanso kosavuta ndi njira yopumira komanso popanda kuthandizira wodwalayo kukhala kofunikira. Thandizo la Nebulized aerosol ndi njira yothandiza kwambiri, yopanda ululu, yothandizila m'deralo yokhala ndi zotsatirapo zochepa poyerekeza ndi mankhwala amachitidwe.

zikuchokera

Kutengera mtundu wa ma aerosol, pali mitundu itatu ya nebulizer:

• pneumatic nebulizers, yomwe imatulutsa aerosol chifukwa cha mpweya womwe umatumizidwa pansi pamavuto (mpweya kapena mpweya);
• akupanga ma nebulizers, omwe amagwiritsa ntchito ultrasound kuti asokoneze kristalo yomwe idzagwedeze kugwedezeka kwamadzimadzi kuti akhale nebulized;
• nembanemba nebulizers, yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito sieve yoboola mabowo masauzande angapo ma microns m'mimba mwake momwe madziwo amatulutsidwira amawonetsedwa ndi mphamvu yamagetsi.

Pneumatic nebulizer

Ndi mtundu wakale kwambiri komanso wodziwika bwino wa nebulizer, kuzipatala komanso kunyumba. Amapangidwa ndi magawo atatu:

• kompresa yomwe imatumiza mpweya kapena mpweya pansi pamavuto;
• nebulizer, yolumikizidwa ndi kompresa ndi chubu, momwe imayambitsira madzi amankhwala kuti akhale ndi nebulized. Nebulizer yomweyi imakhala ndi thanki yolandirira madzi (2ml mpaka 8ml), mphuno yomwe mpweya wopanikizika umadutsa, chida choyamwitsira madziwo ndi mphamvu ya venturi, ndi chosunthira pomwe madontho amatha kukhala tinthu tosavuta kupumira;
• mawonekedwe oleza mtima ophatikizidwa ndi nebulizer omwe atha kukhala nkhope nkhope, cholankhulira kapena mphuno.

Mawu akuti nebulization amachokera ku Latin nebula (mist) kutanthauza kuti mankhwala omwe ali ndi yankho amayendetsedwa ngati nkhungu, yotchedwa aerosol. Madontho oyimitsidwa mu nkhungu iyi ndi ofanana ndi kukula kwake kutengera matenda omwe ayenera kuthandizidwa.

Kukula kwamitundu yosiyanasiyana

Kukula kwa particles kudzasankhidwa malinga ndi malo opumira omwe angafikire

Maonekedwe a tinthu

Mankhwala akulu omwe amaperekedwa ndi aerosol ndioyenera mtundu uliwonse wamatenda:

• bronchodilators (ß2 mimics, anticholinergics), omwe amagwira ntchito yochititsa kuti bronchi ichepe msanga, amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda a mphumu kapena kuphulika kwa matenda osokoneza bongo (COPD);
• corticosteroids (budesonide, beclomethasone) ndi mankhwala oletsa kutupa omwe amakhudzana ndi bronchodilator yochizira mphumu;
• mucolytics ndi viscolytics zimathandizira kuchepa kwa ntchofu zomwe zimasonkhana mu bronchi mu cystic fibrosis;
• maantibayotiki (tobramycin, colistin) amaperekedwa kwanuko kuti azisamalidwa pakagwa cystic fibrosis;
• Laryngitis, bronchitis, sinusitis, otitis media amathanso kuchiritsidwa ndi nebulization.

Anthu okhudzidwa kapena omwe ali pachiwopsezo

Matenda omwe amathandizidwa ndi nebulization ndi matenda osachiritsika omwe amafunikira mankhwala osasokoneza am'deralo ndipo alibe zotsatira zoyipa zina.

Mankhwala a Nebulization aerosol safuna kuyesayesa kulikonse kapena kuyenda kwa wodwalayo, chifukwa chake mankhwalawa ndi oyenera makamaka kwa makanda, ana aang'ono, okalamba komanso anthu ochepera kuyenda.

Nebulization imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri kuchipatala, kwa ana, m'mapapo mwanga, mwadzidzidzi kapena mosamalitsa. Zitha kuchitidwanso kunyumba.

Kugwiritsa ntchito nebulizer kunyumba kumafunikira "maphunziro" am'mbuyomu kuti nebulization ikhale yothandiza kwambiri. Ntchitoyi ndiudindo wa ogwira ntchito zaumoyo (madokotala, manesi, physiotherapists, etc.) kapena asayansi.

Mungagwiritse ntchito liti?

Nebulization kunyumba iyenera kuchitidwa mothandizidwa ndi zamankhwala. Dongosololi liyenera kufotokoza mfundo zingapo :

• mankhwala oti atulutsidwe magazi, mapangidwe ake (mwachitsanzo: mlingo umodzi wa 2 ml), mwina kupukutidwa kwake kapena kusakaniza ndi mankhwala ena;
• kuchuluka kwa magawo omwe akuyenera kuchitidwa patsiku komanso nthawi yomwe ayenera kuchitidwa ngati mitundu ina ya chisamaliro imaperekedwa (mwachitsanzo, isanachitike magawo a physiotherapy);
• Kutalika kwa gawo lililonse (5 mpaka 10 mphindi pazipita);
• nthawi yonse ya chithandizo;
• mtundu wa nebulizer ndi compressor womwe ungagwiritsidwe ntchito;
• mtundu wa chigoba kapena cholankhulira cholimbikitsidwa.

Magawo a ntchito

• Magawo akuyenera kuchitidwa kuchokera pachakudya kuti asasanze;
• mphuno ndi mmero ziyenera kumveka bwino (gwiritsani ntchito kachipangizo kamwana ka mphuno kwa makanda);
• muyenera kukhala ndi msana wanu molunjika, kapena pamalo ocheperako kwa ana;
• muyenera kukhala omasuka kwambiri;
• nebulizer imagwiridwa mozungulira ndipo cholankhulira, kapena chigoba, chimasungidwa bwino ndi kuthamanga pang'ono;
• uyenera kupumira mkamwa mwako kenako nkupumira modekha;
• "kubowoleza" mu nebulizer kumawonetsa kuti thankiyo ilibe kanthu, ndikuti gawoli latha.

Njira zopewera kutenga

Asanayambe gawoli:

• sambani manja anu bwino;
• tsegulani nebulizer ndikutsanulira mankhwalawo;
• kulumikiza cholankhulira kapena chigoba;
• kulumikiza kwa kompresa kudzera pa tubing;
• pulagi ndi kuyatsa kompresa.

Pambuyo pa gawoli:

Pokhapokha ngati pali nebulizer yogwiritsa ntchito kamodzi, zida ziyenera kutsukidwa ndikuwapha mankhwala ophera tizilombo mosamala:

• Kumapeto kwa gawo lililonse, nebulizer iyenera kuthiridwa, zokonzekera zonse zitayidwa, ndipo zida zonse ziyenera kutsukidwa m'madzi otentha a sopo;
• tsiku lililonse, zinthuzo ziyenera kutetezedwa ndi madzi mphindi 15 m'madzi otentha;
• zinthuzo ziyenera kusiyidwa kuti ziume panja kenako ndikusungidwa ndi fumbi.

Kusankha kwa nebulizer kuyenera kusinthidwa pazochitika zilizonse ndi mtundu uliwonse wamankhwala. Iyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira zina.

Zolepheretsa posankha nebulizer yake

• Mtundu wa mankhwala omwe angapangidwe nebulized: kukonzekera kwina sikuli koyenera mitundu yonse ya nebulizer (mwachitsanzo, corticosteroids imafalikira bwino ndi omwe akupanga ma nebulizers);
• mbiri ya wodwala: kwa makanda, okalamba kapena olumala, chigoba chiyenera kusankhidwa ngati mawonekedwe a wodwala;
• kudziyimira pawokha pakuyenda ndi poyendetsa;
• Mtengo wa ndalama (njira yobwerekera ilipo kwa omwe amagawa zida zamankhwala);
• nebulizer iyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira za NF EN 13544-1 ndipo iyenera kuperekedwa ndi malangizo ofotokoza momwe ikugwirira ntchito, magwiridwe ake ndi ntchito zofunika kukonza.