Mtengo wa thanzi komanso kapangidwe ka mankhwala.
Zakudya zabwino | kuchuluka | Zachikhalidwe ** | % yazizolowezi mu 100 g | % ya zachilendo mu 100 kcal | 100% yachibadwa |
Mtengo wa caloric | Tsamba 363 | Tsamba 1684 | 21.6% | 6% | 464 ga |
Mapuloteni | 12.5 ga | 76 ga | 16.4% | 4.5% | 608 ga |
mafuta | 6 ga | 56 ga | 10.7% | 2.9% | 933 ga |
Zakudya | 64.9 ga | 219 ga | 29.6% | 8.2% | 337 ga |
CHIKWANGWANI chamagulu | 4.8 ga | 20 ga | 24% | 6.6% | 417 ga |
Water | 10 ga | 2273 ga | 0.4% | 0.1% | 22730 ga |
ash | 1.8 ga | ~ | |||
mavitamini | |||||
Vitamini B1, thiamine | 0.22 mg | 1.5 mg | 14.7% | 4% | 682 ga |
Vitamini B2, riboflavin | 0.06 mg | 1.8 mg | 3.3% | 0.9% | 3000 ga |
Vitamini B6, pyridoxine | 0.2 mg | 2 mg | 10% | 2.8% | 1000 ga |
Vitamini B9, folate | Makilogalamu 20 | Makilogalamu 400 | 5% | 1.4% | 2000 ga |
Vitamini E, alpha tocopherol, TE | 1.6 mg | 15 mg | 10.7% | 2.9% | 938 ga |
Vitamini PP, NO | 4.7 mg | 20 mg | 23.5% | 6.5% | 426 ga |
niacin | 0.7 mg | ~ | |||
Ma Macronutrients | |||||
Potaziyamu, K | 351 mg | 2500 mg | 14% | 3.9% | 712 ga |
Calcium, CA | 58 mg | 1000 mg | 5.8% | 1.6% | 1724 ga |
Pakachitsulo, Si | 14 mg | 30 mg | 46.7% | 12.9% | 214 ga |
Mankhwala a magnesium, mg | 111 mg | 400 mg | 27.8% | 7.7% | 360 ga |
Sodium, Na | 23 mg | 1300 mg | 1.8% | 0.5% | 5652 ga |
Sulufule, S | 95 mg | 1000 mg | 9.5% | 2.6% | 1053 ga |
Phosphorus, P. | 325 mg | 800 mg | 40.6% | 11.2% | 246 ga |
Tsatani Zinthu | |||||
Iron, Faith | 3 mg | 18 mg | 16.7% | 4.6% | 600 ga |
Manganese, Mn | 3.13 mg | 2 mg | 156.5% | 43.1% | 64 ga |
Mkuwa, Cu | Makilogalamu 500 | Makilogalamu 1000 | 50% | 13.8% | 200 ga |
Mzinda wa Molybdenum, Mo. | Makilogalamu 10 | Makilogalamu 70 | 14.3% | 3.9% | 700 ga |
Nickel, ndi | Makilogalamu 33 | ~ | |||
Nthaka, Zn | 3.23 mg | 12 mg | 26.9% | 7.4% | 372 ga |
Zakudya zam'mimba | |||||
Wowuma ndi dextrins | 62.9 ga | ~ | |||
Mono- ndi disaccharides (shuga) | 1.5 ga | maulendo 100 г | |||
galactose | 0.07 ga | ~ | |||
Shuga (dextrose) | 0.12 ga | ~ | |||
lactose | 0.02 ga | ~ | |||
Maltose | 0.02 ga | ~ | |||
sucrose | 0.48 ga | ~ | |||
fructose | 0.11 ga | ~ | |||
Amino Acids Ofunika | |||||
Arginine * | 0.96 ga | ~ | |||
valine | 0.78 ga | ~ | |||
Mbiri * | 0.29 ga | ~ | |||
Isoleucine | 0.58 ga | ~ | |||
nyalugwe | 1.09 ga | ~ | |||
lysine | 0.49 ga | ~ | |||
methionine | 0.23 ga | ~ | |||
Methionine + cysteine | 0.57 ga | ~ | |||
threonine | 0.39 ga | ~ | |||
tryptophan | 0.26 ga | ~ | |||
chithuvj | 0.67 ga | ~ | |||
Phenylalanine + Tyrosine | 1.16 ga | ~ | |||
Amino acid osinthika | |||||
alanine | 0.67 ga | ~ | |||
Aspartic asidi | 1 ga | ~ | |||
glycine | 0.55 ga | ~ | |||
Asidi a Glutamic | 1.98 ga | ~ | |||
Mapuloteni | 0.72 ga | ~ | |||
serine | 0.62 ga | ~ | |||
tyrosin | 0.49 ga | ~ | |||
Cysteine | 0.34 ga | ~ | |||
Mafuta okhutira | |||||
Mafuta okhutira | 1 ga | maulendo 18.7 г |
Mphamvu ndi 363 kcal.
- Galasi 250 ml = 140 gr (508.2 kcal)
- Galasi 200 ml = 110 gr (399.3 kcal)
- Supuni ("pamwamba" kupatula zakudya zamadzimadzi) = 22 g (79.9 kcal)
- Supuni ("pamwamba" kupatula zakudya zamadzimadzi) = 6 g (21.8 kcal)
- vitamini B1 ndi gawo la michere yofunikira kwambiri yama carbohydrate ndi mphamvu yamagetsi, yomwe imapatsa thupi mphamvu ndi zinthu zapulasitiki, komanso kagayidwe kazitsulo ka amino acid. Kuperewera kwa vitamini uyu kumabweretsa zovuta zamanjenje, kugaya chakudya komanso mtima.
- Vitamini PP amachita nawo zochita redox mphamvu kagayidwe. Kusakwanira kudya mavitamini kumatsagana ndi kusokonekera kwa khungu, m'mimba komanso m'mitsempha.
- potaziyamu ndiye ion yama cell yayikulu yomwe imagwira nawo ntchito yoyang'anira madzi, asidi ndi ma elektrolyte, amatenga nawo mbali pazokhumba zamitsempha, malamulo opanikizika.
- Silicon Imaphatikizidwa ngati gawo lazomangamanga mu glycosaminoglycans ndipo imathandizira kaphatikizidwe ka collagen.
- mankhwala enaake a amatenga nawo gawo pamagetsi amagetsi, kaphatikizidwe ka mapuloteni, ma acid a nucleic, ali ndi mphamvu zolimba pakhungu, ndikofunikira kukhalabe ndi calcium home, potaziyamu ndi sodium. Kuperewera kwa magnesium kumabweretsa hypomagnesemia, chiopsezo chowonjezeka chokhala ndi matenda oopsa, matenda amtima.
- Phosphorus amatenga nawo gawo pazinthu zambiri zakuthupi, kuphatikiza mphamvu yamagetsi, kuwongolera kuyamwa kwa asidi, ndi gawo la phospholipids, nucleotides ndi nucleic acid, ndikofunikira pakuchepetsa mafupa ndi mano. Kuperewera kumabweretsa matenda a anorexia, kuchepa magazi, ziphuphu.
- Iron ndi gawo la mapuloteni azinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza michere. Nawo nawo mayendedwe ma elekitironi, mpweya, zipangitsa njira ya redox zimachitikira ndi kutsegula kwa peroxidation. Kusakwanira kumwa kumabweretsa hypochromic magazi m'thupi, myoglobin-atony wopanda mafupa a mafupa, kuwonjezeka kutopa, myocardiopathy, atrophic gastritis.
- Manganese amatenga nawo mbali pakupanga mafupa ndi mafupa olumikizana, ndi gawo la michere yomwe imakhudzidwa ndi kagayidwe kake ka amino acid, chakudya, catecholamines; zofunika pakuphatikizira kwa cholesterol ndi ma nucleotide. Kulephera kudya limodzi ndi kuchepa kwa kukula, kusokonekera kwa ziwalo zoberekera, kuwonjezeka kwa mafupa a mafupa, kusokonekera kwa ma carbohydrate ndi lipid metabolism.
- Mkuwa ndi gawo la michere yokhala ndi ntchito ya redox komanso yokhudzana ndi kagayidwe kazitsulo, imathandizira kuyamwa kwa mapuloteni ndi chakudya. Amachita nawo njira zopezera mpweya wamthupi la munthu. Kuperewera kumawonetsedwa ndi zovuta pakupanga kwamitsempha yam'mimba ndi mafupa, kukula kwa mafinya a dysplasia.
- Molybdenum ndi cofactor wa michere yambiri yomwe imapatsa mphamvu kupangika kwa sulfure wokhala ndi amino acid, purines ndi pyrimidines.
- nthaka ndi gawo la michere yoposa 300, yomwe imagwira nawo ntchito kaphatikizidwe ndi kuwonongeka kwa chakudya, mapuloteni, mafuta, ma nucleic acid komanso kuwongolera kufotokozera kwamitundu ingapo. Kugwiritsa ntchito osakwanira kumabweretsa kuchepa kwa magazi, kuchepa kwa chitetezo m'thupi, chiwindi cha chiwindi, kukanika kugonana, komanso kupunduka kwa fetus. Kafukufuku waposachedwa awulula kuthekera kwa mlingo waukulu wa zinc kusokoneza kuyamwa kwamkuwa ndipo potero kumathandizira kukulitsa kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi.
Mtengo wamagetsi, kapena zopatsa kalori Ndi kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zomwe zimatulutsidwa m'thupi la munthu kuchokera ku chakudya panthawi ya chimbudzi. Mphamvu yamphamvu ya chinthu imayesedwa mu kilocalories (kcal) kapena kilojoules (kJ) pa 100 magalamu. mankhwala. Kilocalorie yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyeza kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya chakudya imatchedwanso "calorie yachakudya," chifukwa chake mawu oyambira pa kilo nthawi zambiri samasiyidwa akamanena zopatsa mphamvu mu (kilo) zopatsa mphamvu. Mutha kuwona matebulo atsatanetsatane amagetsi pazinthu zaku Russia.
Mtengo wa zakudya - zili ndi chakudya, mafuta ndi mapuloteni.
Chakudya chopatsa thanzi - gulu lazinthu zopangira chakudya, pamaso pazomwe thupi limakwaniritsa zosowa zamunthu ndi mphamvu.
mavitamini, zinthu zakuthupi zomwe zimafunikira pang'ono pang'ono pazakudya za anthu komanso zinyama zambiri. Mavitamini nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi zomera m'malo mwa nyama. Chosowa cha anthu tsiku ndi tsiku cha mavitamini ndi mamiligalamu ochepa kapena ma micrograms ochepa. Mosiyana ndi zinthu zopanda pake, mavitamini amawonongeka ndi kutentha kwakukulu. Mavitamini ambiri amakhala osakhazikika komanso "amatayika" pophika kapena pokonza chakudya.