Kugwa kulikonse mumzinda waku Spain ku Baena ku Andalusia kumachitika Phwando la Maolivi ndi Mafuta a Maolivi (Las Jornadas del Olivar y el Aceite), yoperekedwa kumapeto kwa zokolola m'minda ya azitona, komanso chilichonse chokhudzana ndi zipatso zapaderazi. Zakhala zikuchitika chaka chilichonse kuyambira 1998, kuyambira 9 mpaka 11 Novembala ndipo ndi chikondwerero chachikulu kwambiri ku Europe cha maolivi ndi maolivi.
Koma mu 2020, chifukwa cha mliri wa coronavirus, zochitika zamadyerero zitha kuthetsedwa.
Tawuni yaying'ono ya Baena imawerengedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwamtsogoleri wapadziko lonse pakupanga mafuta a azitona, omwe, ndiye maziko a zakudya zowona zaku Andalusiya. Chifukwa chake, pachikondwererochi, ndichizolowezi kuthokoza chifukwa cha mphatso zapadziko lapansi ndi zakumwamba, nyimbo, kuvina komanso phwando lalikulu. Zowonadi, ndi mu Novembala pomwe zokololazo zidakololedwa kale, kukonzedwa, ndipo nzika zakomweko zakonzeka kubwera kwa alendo zikwizikwi kuti adzagawane zokomazi.
Tiyenera kudziwa kuti pali mitundu yambiri ya azitona ndi azitona ku Spain, kuyambira wakuda mpaka wachikasu. Kupatula apo, popeza ndizosatheka kulingalira zakudya zaku Italiya popanda tchizi wotchuka wa Parmesan, ndizosatheka kulingalira mbale zaku Spain zopanda azitona. Mwambiri, Spain imapanga 45% yamafuta azitona padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo Baena ndi amodzi mwa zigawo ziwiri ku Andalusia omwe amadziwika kuti ndiopambana kugwiritsa ntchito azitona, amatchedwanso "likulu la Spain la azitona". Dera la minda ya zipatso ya azitona kuzungulira mzindawo ndi pafupifupi 400 sq. Km.
Olive - chipatso chakale kwambiri cha zipatso, chinali chofala pagulu lakale; ngakhale apo, anthu amadziwa za kuchiritsa kwake. Mbiri yolima mitengo ya azitona idayamba pafupifupi zaka 6-7 zikwi zapitazo, ndipo azitona zamtchire zidakhalako kuyambira nthawi zakale. Agiriki anali oyamba kupanga mafuta a azitona, kenako "luso" ili lidawonekera madera ena. Pogulitsa mafuta ndi maolivi patebulo, Greece Yakale idapanga zomangamanga. Ngakhale anthu aku Russia akale adagula azitona kwa amalonda achi Greek kuti azidyera patebulo la akalonga aku Kiev. Ngakhale pamenepo, mafuta a azitona amawerengedwa kuti ndi gwero lalikulu launyamata komanso kukongola. Homer adaitcha golide wamadzi, Aristotle adasankha kuphunzira zopindulitsa za maolivi ngati sayansi yapadera, Lorca adalemba ndakatulo kwa azitona, Hippocrates adatsimikizira kuti mafuta a maolivi ndiopindulitsa ndipo adapanga njira zingapo zochiritsira pogwiritsa ntchito. Ndipo lero mafuta a wizard awa ndi ofunika kwambiri kuposa mafuta ena onse padziko lapansi.
Kupatula apo, azitona yaying'ono ndi chotengera chokwanira, theka ili ndi mafuta osankhidwa. Gawo lachiwiri ndi khungu losakhwima komanso fupa labwino kwambiri, lomwe limasungunuka mosavuta m'matumbo mosalekeza, omwe ndi okhawo othandiza kwambiri pazachilengedwe. Maolivi ochokera kuchuluka kwawo. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino ndi ophika, madokotala komanso opanga mafuta onunkhira. Chofunika kwambiri komanso mtengo wamafuta a maolivi ndikuti uli ndi asidi wochuluka wa oleic, chifukwa chake cholesterol imachotsedwa mthupi ndikuchepetsa ukalamba. Mafuta enieni a azitona (oyimbidwa koyamba ozizira) ayenera kukhala osakonzedwanso, osasefedwa, opanda zotetezera ndi utoto, komanso opanda chilema chakumva ndi fungo.
Ndipo, kumene, kutola azitona ndi mwambo wonse. Zipatso sizingayime manja panthawi yokolola, matumba otseguka amayalidwa pansi pa mitengo, amamenya mitengoyo ndi ndodo, ndipo maolivi amagwera m'matumbawo. Amangokolola zobiriwira zokha komanso m'mawa - kutentha kumawononga kusonkhanitsa zipatso. Maolivi omwe amadya amakhala osiyanasiyana. Pali mitundu pafupifupi mazana awiri ya zipatsozi pa akaunti yamalonda ya European Union, ndipo mafuta a maolivi ali ngati vinyo. Monga chakumwa, atha kukhala osankhika, wamba komanso achinyengo. Komabe, maolivi ndiopanda tanthauzo kuposa vinyo - ndizovuta kusunga ndipo zaka zake ndizochepa.
Chifukwa chake, Phwando la Azitona ku Spain lakonzedwa pamlingo wapadera. Chidwi chimaperekedwa m'malo onse amoyo okhudzana ndi zamatsenga izi: gastronomy, chuma, thanzi. Choyambirira, aliyense atha kutenga nawo mbali pazolawa zamtundu uliwonse - yesani zakudya zam'madera ambiri, phunzirani maphikidwe adziko lonse azakudya ndi azitona, ndi zomwe zakonzedwa kuchokera kwa iwo.
Komanso, alendo a chikondwererochi amatha kudziwa bwino momwe angakulitsire ndikusintha azitona, onani ndi maso awo momwe mafuta azitona amazizira komanso, kulawa mitundu yake yabwino kwambiri. Akatswiri amati kulawa mafuta ndi osakhwima komanso ovuta monga kulawa vinyo, ndipo zakudya zakale zopangidwa kuchokera ku azitona ndi maolivi zimayeneranso kukhala ndi zakudya zamakono.
Kuphatikiza apo, m'masiku a chikondwererochi, mutha kuyendera ziwonetsero zosiyanasiyana ndi ma konsati, zisudzo ndi misonkhano, mipikisano yophika ndi zokambirana, makalasi osangalatsa ochokera kwa ophika odziwika kwambiri. Komanso, mkati mwa chimango cha chikondwererochi, chiwonetsero chamsika chimachitika, chomwe chimakopa ma restaurant ndi ogula ambiri padziko lonse lapansi; ichi ndiye chochitika chachikulu kwambiri chamtunduwu.
Mwachilengedwe, zonse sizimangokhala azitona ndi mafuta okha. Alendo onse atchuthi azitha kulawa vinyo wamba komanso mbale zingapo za Andalusi. Ntchito yonseyi ikuphatikizidwa ndi kuvina ndi nyimbo.
Ngakhale pulogalamu ya chikondwererochi imasintha pang'ono chaka chilichonse, chochitika chachikulu cha tchuthi cha "azitona" sichinasinthe - ndi Ruta de la Tapa (Tapas Road - zokhwasula-khwasula komanso zozizira zaku Spain). Chisipanishi chili ndi verebu lotchedwa tapear, lomwe limatanthauzira kuti "kupita kumabala, kucheza ndi anzanu, kumwa vinyo ndi kudya matepi." Malo odyera abwino, malo omwera ndi mipiringidzo yamzindawu amatenga nawo mbali ku Ruta de la Tapa. Kukhazikitsidwa kulikonse kumakhala ndi masewera ang'onoang'ono atatu opangidwa kuchokera kuzitona kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta. Aliyense akhoza kuwulawa. Koma wolimbikira kwambiri, yemwe adzayendera malo onse a tapas madzulo amodzi, alandila mphotho - malita 50 a maolivi osankhidwa ndi nkhomaliro ya awiri mu lesitilanti yomwe izadziwika kuti ndi "azitona" wabwino kwambiri pachikondwererochi.
Malo ena osangalatsa ku Baena okhudzana ndi azitona ndi Museo del Olivo, yomwe ili pakatikati pa mzindawu. Ndikofunikanso kuyendera kuti mumvetsetse bwino momwe azitona amalimidwa ndikusinthidwa ndikukhala ndi mbiri yakale yazikhalidwe za azitona.
Phwando la Azitona ku Spain sikuti limangokhala lokongola komanso losangalala, amayesetsa kuwunikira mbali zonse zogwiritsa ntchito azitona ndi maolivi, komanso kukukumbutsani kufunikira komwe chomera ichi chili nacho padziko lonse lapansi komanso kwa munthu aliyense payekhapayekha . Ku Spain, anthu satopa ndikunena kuti ndikwanira kudya maolivi khumi ndi awiri musanadye, kenako matenda amtima ndi sitiroko sawopsezedwa. Kuonjezera apo, anthu a ku Spain otentha amakhulupirira kuti maolivi ndi nkhono zamasamba: ndi chithandizo chawo, chikondi chachangu sichitha, koma chimayaka ndi lawi lowala.