The percentile ndi muyeso wogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi madokotala a ana kulemba kukula kwa thupi la mwana mu mawonekedwe a tabular. Izi zilipo m’kaundula wa thanzi la mwanayo ndipo makolowo angathe kufunsidwa nthaŵi iliyonse.

A percentile ndi kusiyana pakati pa miyeso yopezedwa kwa munthu ndi kuchuluka kwa anthu ambiri ofanana msinkhu komanso jenda. Izi zikutanthauza kuti msungwana wamng'ono wa zaka 6, yemwe amayesa 1m24 adzaonedwa kuti ndi wosiyana ndi anthu wamba chifukwa pafupifupi ndi 1m15.

Mtsikanayo amaposa awiriawiri ake ndi 8%. Izi zimapereka mapindikidwe apamwamba kuposa avareji patebulo. Koma ziwerengerozi zimangokhala maziko owonera ndipo akatswiri amasintha momwe amawazindikira malinga ndi zinthu zingapo kuphatikiza kuzungulira kwa mutu, kulemera, chibadwa chabanja, ndi zina zambiri.

Percentile ndi gawo lowerengera lomwe limalola akatswiri azachipatala kudziwa ngati mwana ali mkati mwazovomerezeka potengera kulemera kwake, kutalika kwake ndi kuzungulira kwa mutu. Gawoli limawerengedwa potengera zomwe bungwe la World Health Organisation (WHO) limapereka chaka chilichonse. Kuyambira 2018, matebulo asintha ndipo amaganizira zaubwino wa chidziwitso monga momwe mawerengedwe amachitikira komanso jenda, mtsikana kapena mnyamata.

Matebulo ndi zothandiza chenjezo la kusamvana mu chitukuko cha mwana, thupi ndi galimoto. Zochitika za kusokonezeka kwa chitukuko cha galimoto zimatha kukhala ndi zotsatira pa msinkhu wa galimoto: ngati mwanayo, mwachitsanzo, ali ndi vuto, zingakhale zovuta kuti agwiritse ntchito zipangizo zasukulu, mpando, tebulo, ndi zina zotero, zomwe sizidzakhalapo pa nthawi yake. kutalika. Chitsanzo china, mwana wazaka 3 yemwe amadziwonetsera molakwika akhoza kukhala ndi vuto la m'maganizo komanso ali ndi vuto la kukula ndipo dokotala wa ana adzagwiritsa ntchito mphira kuti aone ngati vuto linalake lachitika pa nthawi ina m'moyo wake.

Zomwe zili m'matebulowa zikugwirizana ndi ana mpaka zaka 18. Zolemba zawo zaumoyo ziyenera kumalizidwa ndi dokotala wopita ku msinkhu uno. Izi zimapangitsa kuti athe kusonkhanitsa deta yofunikira pa chitukuko chawo ndikutha kuzitchula ngati kuli kofunikira panthawi ya ntchito kapena kusokonezeka mwadzidzidzi.

Makolo saloledwa kudzaza matebulo, ndi akatswiri a zaumoyo okha omwe ali ndi chilolezo ichi. Zambiri zolakwika zitha kuyika pachiwopsezo kutsata koyenera kwachipatala kwa mwana ndikuyambitsa chisokonezo chachikulu pazachipatala pambuyo pake.

Ali ndi zaka 18, akatswiri azachipatala amaona kuti kukulako kwatsala pang'ono kutha. Zoonadi zimatengera munthu aliyense payekha, ndi kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa atsikana ndi anyamata. Atsikana amayamba kukula kwawo koyambirira komanso amamaliza pamaso pa abwenzi awo achimuna popeza mahomoni ndi ma surges awo amasiyana malinga ndi chibadwa, zakudya, zomwe zinachitikira aliyense.

Dokotala wa ana akamayang'ana mipiringidzo, amasanthula zinthu zosiyanasiyana zakukula ndikukonza zowongolera zake molingana ndi zomwe akupanga. Mwachitsanzo, ngati khola la cranial liri lachilendo, amatumiza mwanayo ndi makolo ake kwa mnzake yemwe ali ndi matenda amisala kuti awone ngati kusokonezeka uku kumangochitika chifukwa chakukula modabwitsa kapena ngati kumayendera limodzi ndi matenda amisala. monga autism kapena ena. Ndi akatswiri okhawo monga ma neuropaediatrics kapena ma psychiatrists a ana omwe angathe kuyankha mafunso a makolo.

Palibe matenda omwe angakhazikitsidwe popanda upangiri wa akatswiri ochokera kumagulu angapo ndipo ndi kumapeto kwa kuwunika kosiyanasiyana komwe kungapereke yankho lokhazikika. Kuyika mawu pamiyeso yodabwitsayi ndiye chithandizo chenicheni kwa iwo omwe ali pafupi nawo.

M’mabuku a zachipatala muli maumboni amene amatithandiza kumvetsa maonekedwe awo. Malo monga National Syndicate of the Order of General Practitioners kapena mabungwe okhudzana ndi matenda okhudzana ndi matenda amisala amatha kufalitsa uthenga wodalirika.

Palinso malo oimbira foni aulere monga a mabungwe ogwirizana omwe angathandize kuyankha mafunso ena azachuma poyamba, monga chithandizo, chithandizo chotheka, mapangano enieni, ndi zina zotero. Makolo ali ndi mwayi wotsatiridwa ndi masitepe awa ndi akatswiri a PMI (Center for Maternal Child Protection), yomwe ilipo mu dipatimenti iliyonse. Ogwira ntchito zachipatalawa amaphunzitsidwa kuti amvetsere nkhawa za ana aang'ono ndi chitukuko chawo.

Dokotala wopezekapo adzathanso kutsogolera ndi kuthandizira makolo muzoyesayesa zawo. Madokotala a ana ndi akatswiri pakukula kwa ana aang'ono, koma dokotala wabanja amathanso kudziwitsa makolo ndikuwatsimikizira.