Tsamba la nkhunda dzulo ndi lero

Njiwa yonyamulirayo yakhala ikugwira ntchito kwa zaka 15-20. Mbalame yophunzitsidwa bwino imatha kuuluka mpaka 1000 km. Kalatayo nthawi zambiri amaikidwa mu kapisozi wa pulasitiki ndipo amamangiriridwa ku mwendo wa nkhunda. Ndi mwambo kutumiza mbalame ziwiri nthawi imodzi ndi mauthenga omwewo, chifukwa cha kuopsa kwa mbalame zodya nyama, makamaka mbalamezi.

Nthano zimati mothandizidwa ndi nkhunda zonyamulira, okonda adasinthanitsa zolemba. Nkhani yoyamba yolembedwa ya nkhunda yopereka kalata inali mu 1146 AD. Caliph waku Baghdad (ku Iraq) Sultan Nuruddin anagwiritsa ntchito makalata a nkhunda popereka mauthenga mu ufumu wake.

Panthawi ya nkhondo yoyamba ya padziko lonse, nkhunda za asilikali a ku America zinapulumutsa gulu lankhondo kuti lisagwidwe ndi asilikali a ku Germany. Ku India, mafumu a Chandragupta Maurya (321-297 BC) ndi Ashoka adagwiritsa ntchito makalata a njiwa.

Koma pamapeto pake, positi ofesi, telegraph ndi intaneti zidawonekera padziko lapansi. Ngakhale kuti dziko lapansi lazunguliridwa ndi ma satelayiti, makalata a nkhunda sanalowe m’mbuyomo. Apolisi a boma la Orissa ku India akugwiritsabe ntchito mbalame zanzeru pa zolinga zawo. Ali ndi nkhunda 40 zomwe zamaliza maphunziro atatu: static, mobile ndi boomerang.

Mbalame za gulu la static zimalangizidwa kuti ziwuluke kumadera akutali kuti zikalankhule ndi likulu lawo. Nkhunda za gulu la mafoni zimagwira ntchito mosiyanasiyana. The boomerang ndi ntchito ya nkhunda kupereka kalata ndi kubwerera ndi yankho.

Nkhunda zonyamulira ndi ntchito yodula kwambiri. Amafuna zakudya zabwino zamtengo wapatali, amafunikira mafuta a chiwindi cha shark wothira ndi potashi wosungunuka m'madzi. Kuonjezera apo, amafuna kukula kwa khola lawo.

Nkhunda zapulumutsa anthu mobwerezabwereza panthawi yadzidzidzi komanso masoka achilengedwe. Pa chikondwerero cha zaka zana za ntchito ya positi ya India mu 1954, apolisi a Orissa adawonetsa kuthekera kwa ziweto zawo. Nkhundazo zidanyamula uthenga wakutsegulira kwa Purezidenti waku India kupita kwa Prime Minister. 

Siyani Mumakonda