Pluteus velvety-legged (Pluteus plautus) chithunzi ndi kufotokozera

Chikwapu chamiyendo yavelvety (Pluteus plautus)

:

• Pluteus anali wosauka
• Pluteus boudieri
• Pluteus dryophiloides
• Pluteus punctipes
• Pluteus hiatulus
• Plutey flat
• Plutey wokongola

Morphologically, mtundu wa Pluteus umadziwika ndi matupi a fruiting nthawi zambiri ang'onoang'ono kapena apakatikati opanda chophimba, kapena oimira ena okhala ndi chophimba, mbale zotayirira ndi ufa wa pinki wa spore. Oimira onse amtunduwo ndi saprotrophs, koma ena amatha kusonyeza ntchito ya biotrophic, kukhazikika pamitengo yakufa, samapanga mycorrhiza.

Mitundu ya Pluteus inafotokozedwa ndi Fries mu 1835. Poyambirira, mitundu ingapo ya zamoyo zomwe zimatchedwa kuti mtundu umenewu lerolino zinkaganiziridwa mkati mwa mtundu waukulu wa Agaricus L. Kuchokera pamene anafotokozera za Pluteus, ofufuza ambiri athandizira kwambiri pa kafukufuku wake. Komabe, taxonomy ya genus sinali bwino mokwanira. Ngakhale tsopano, masukulu osiyanasiyana a mycologists alibe lingaliro lofanana pa kuchuluka kwa mitundu ina komanso kufunika kwa zilembo za taxonomic. M'magulu osiyanasiyana (dongosolo la Lange, Kuhner ndi Romagnesi system, ndi zina zamakono: dongosolo la Orton, SP Vasser system ndi Wellinga system), Pluteus plautus yomwe tikuyiganizira idakali ndi macrofeatures angapo omwe amapangitsa kuti zikhale zotheka. kusiyanitsa ndi mitundu yodziyimira yokha: P. Granulatus, P. Semibulbosus, P. Depauperatus, P. Boudieri ndi P. Punctipes. Komabe, olemba ena samawona kuti P.granulatus ndi mitundu yosiyana.

Dzina lamakono: Pluteus plautus (Weinm.) Gillet, 1876

mutu ndi mainchesi a 3-6 masentimita, odulidwa bwino. Maonekedwe a kapu ndi convex ndi tubercle yaing'ono pakati, pamene ikukula, imakhala yogwada, yosalala ndi yopyapyala m'mphepete mwake; mu bowa wokhala ndi chipewa chachikulu, m'mphepete mwake mumadulidwa. Pamwamba ndi velvety, yokutidwa ndi mamba ang'onoang'ono. Mtundu - kuchokera kuchikasu, bulauni mpaka chikasu-bulauni, pakati pa chipewa cha mthunzi wakuda.

Mnofu wa kapu ndi woyera kapena wotuwa wonyezimira, wosasintha mtundu ukadulidwa. Chophimbacho chikusowa. Kukoma ndi ndale, fungo ndi lakuthwa zosasangalatsa.

Hymenophore bowa - lamella. Mabalawa ndi aulere, otambalala, nthawi zambiri amakhala. Mu bowa achichepere, amakhala oyera, akamakalamba amakhala ndi mtundu wapinki wopepuka wokhala ndi m'mphepete.

mwendo chapakati kuchokera 2 mpaka 6 masentimita m'litali ndi kuchokera 0,5 mpaka 1 cm mulifupi, wodziwika ndi mawonekedwe a cylindrical ndi kukhuthala pang'ono kumunsi. Mapangidwe a zamkati mwendo ndi wandiweyani, bulauni mu mtundu, pamwamba ndi yoyera ndi khalidwe mamba ang'onoang'ono mdima, kupereka velvety kapangidwe, amene anapereka dzina bowa.

kusindikiza kwa spore pinki.

Mikangano ellipsoid yosalala, ovoid 6.5 - 9 × 6 - 7 microns.

Basidia ndi spores (kwenikweni alipo 4, koma si onse omwe amawoneka) komanso opanda pa mbale yonse. (2.4 µm/div):

Basidia pa "flattened" mbale kukonzekera. (2.4 µm/div):

Cheilocystidia (2.4 µm/div):

Zinthu zomaliza za pileipellis (kuposa pubescent), (2.4 µm/div):

Spores (0.94 µm/div):

Saprotroph pa nthaka yomwe ili ndi zotsalira za nkhuni zakufa. Chikwapu chamiyendo ya Velvety chimatha kukula pamitengo yayikulu ndi yaying'ono yamitundu yonse yamitundu yophukira komanso ya coniferous, matabwa okwiriridwa, utuchi, nthawi zambiri imamera panthaka m'nkhalango ndi m'midzi. Zowola zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi bowa zimakhala zoyera, koma nthawi zambiri, kusinthika kwa njira zowola sikunaphunzire mokwanira. Malo ogawa ndi ochuluka kwambiri, omwe amapezeka ku Ulaya, kuphatikizapo British Isles, ku Dziko Lathu, ku Ulaya ndi ku Asia. Zimachitika kawirikawiri. Nthawi ya fruiting ndi July mpaka October.

Bowa wosadyedwa.

Pluteus plautus var. Terrestris Bres. ndi chipewa chakuda chakuda cha velvety mpaka 3 cm mu kukula, chimamera panthaka.

Chikwapu cha Tuberous (Pluteus semibulbosus)

Zofanana kwambiri. Nthawi zina, chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa mitundu yonse iwiri, ma microscopy okha ndi omwe amathandiza kusiyanitsa pakati pawo. Malinga ndi mawonekedwe akuluakulu, Pluteus yamiyendo yowoneka bwino imasiyana ndi Pluteus (Pluteus semibulbosus) yamtundu wakuda kwambiri.

Wolemba block

Chithunzi: Andrey, Sergey.

microscope: Sergey.