Le pneumothorax amatanthauza ma pathologies omwe amakhudza pleural cavity, malo enieni omwe ali pakati pa mapapo ndi nthiti. Timalankhula za pneumothorax pamene mtsemphawu umadzaza ndi mpweya kapena mpweya, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mapapu amodzi kapena onse awiri adzitseke ndikudzibweza okha. Pneumothorax ikhoza kukhala mwadzidzidzi (magwero ake sadziwika), zowawa kapena yachiwiri ku matenda a m'mapapo. Imazindikirika ndi a mwadzidzidzi kupweteka pachifuwa nthawi zina kugwirizana ndi Kuvutika kupuma. Nthawi zambiri, pneumothorax ndi unilateral. Chithandizo chimasiyanasiyana malinga ndi mtundu wa pneumothorax: ena amapita patsogolo mwadzidzidzi kuti achire atapumula, pamene ena amafunika opaleshoni.

Mbali yamkati ya nthiti ndi mbali yakunja ya mapapo imakutidwa ndi nembanemba yopyapyala, adafuwula, kutsetsereka pamene mukupuma. The pleural cavity, danga lomwe liripo pakati pa ma pleura awiriwa, nthawi zina limadzaza ndi mpweya kapena mpweya. Chodabwitsa ichi chimatchedwa pneumothorax.

Pali mitundu ingapo ya pneumothorax kutengera chomwe chimayambitsa:

• Primary, idiopathic pneumothorax ou zongochitika zokha : Uwu ndiye mtundu wofala kwambiri wa pneumothorax. Amapezeka kawirikawiri mwa amuna achichepere, athanzi ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala pneumothorax yaing'ono m'mapapo athanzi, ndikuchira mosavuta. Nthawi zambiri zimachitika chifukwa cha kuphulika kwadzidzidzi kwa thovu m'mapapo.
• Secondary pneumothorax pneumothorax chifukwa cha matenda a m'mapapo, kuphatikizapo emphysema, matenda a fibrosis m'mapapo mphumu kapena matenda obstructive m`mapapo mwanga, cystic fibrosis, matenda opatsirana m`mapapo mwanga, makamaka kawirikawiri khansa.
• Traumatic pneumothorax : pneumothorax mwangozi (yochitika chifukwa chovulala, monga mpeni), kapena pneumothorax iatrogenic (potsatira kuvulala kapena opaleshoni).

Pneumothorax imawonetsedwa

• kupweteka komwe kumapezeka m'nthiti, kuyambira pakusamva bwino mpaka kupweteka kwambiri malinga ndi kufunikira kwake,
• kupuma movutikira (makamaka popuma) komanso chifuwa chowuma. The kuvuta kupumazomwe zimachitika mwadzidzidzi, zimayambitsa nkhawa,
• chifuwa.

Kutengera kukula kwa pneumothorax, zovuta zimatha kuchitika: tachycardia (kuwonjezeka kwa mtima) ndi cyanosis (mtundu wa buluu wa khungu ndi mucous nembanemba).

Mu 75% ya milandu, pneumothorax yoyamba imagwira achinyamata (pafupifupi zaka 35), amuna aatali ndi owonda. Kuopsa kwa pneumothorax kumakhala kwakukulu makamaka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a m'mapapo. Kusuta kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha pneumothorax. Anthu omwe ali ndi pneumothorax imodzi kapena zingapo ali pachiwopsezo choyambiranso.

Le kusuta 90% ya milandu ya pneumothorax imakhudzidwa. Kudumphira pansi pamadzi, kuchitapo kanthu kwa zida zowulutsira mphepo komanso kutalika kwake kumalimbikitsa kuchitika kwa pneumothorax. Matenda a m'mapapo amawonjezera chiopsezo cha pneumothorax.

Kuwunika kwachipatala kungalole dokotala kuzindikira a asymmetry pa mlingo wa mapapu pa mlingo wa phokoso pa percussion mbali yokhudzidwa (tympanism, phokoso lopanda kanthu). Momwemonso, pa auscultation, dokotala sangamvenso bwino mpweya wa mpweya, ndipo akafunsa kuti "33", phokoso silimagwedezanso nthiti kumbali yomwe yakhudzidwa. Zizindikirozi zidzatsogolera matenda ake ndipo zimakhalapo makamaka ngati pneumothorax ndi yofunika. Idzatsimikiziridwa ndi a x-ray ya mapapo. Zithunzi zomwe zapezedwa ziziwonetsa a kutsekeka kwa mapapo (s).

Kusankha mankhwala oti mutengere kumadalira mtundu wa pneumothorax, kuopsa kwa zizindikiro ndi chifukwa chake. Pakakhala pneumothorax modzidzimutsa, nthawi ya zina tikulimbikitsidwa, nthawi zina limodzi ndi mankhwala mankhwala zochokeramankhwala opha ululu. Machiritso amawonedwa m'masiku ochepa mpaka masabata awiri kapena atatu.

Pamene pneumothorax ndi yofunika kwambiri, dokotala akhoza kuchotsa mpweya, ndi singano, catheter yeniyeni kapena kuika kukhetsa mu pleural space. Izi zimachitika pansi pa anesthesia wamba, ndipo machiritso nthawi zambiri amapezeka mkati mwa masiku angapo.

Pamene pneumothorax imalepheretsa kwambiri, yofunikira kwambiri, yobwerezabwereza, sichitha kuchiritsidwa ndi njirazi, kapena ngati pali zochitika zoopsa (diving), dokotala angasankhe kuchitapo kanthu opaleshoni. Pali mitundu ingapo ya maopaleshoni omwe cholinga chake ndikulumikizana ndi nembanemba ziwiri za pleural kuti asasunthikenso wina ndi mnzake kuti mpweya udutse: pleural talcage (kulowetsa talc pakati pa pleura iwiri), pleural abrasion (abrasion of the awiri pleura kuti awapangitse kumamatirana).

Kupewa kumatengera kuchepetsa ziwopsezo (kusuta, kubisala pansi pamadzi, zida zamphepo, kutalika). Munthu akakhala ndi pneumothorax m'mbuyomu, amakhala ndi chiopsezo cha 5 mwa 2 choyambiranso. Ngati pneumothorax yachiwiri ichitika, chiopsezo chobwereza chimawonjezeka kufika pawiri. Mu gawo lachitatu, pali mwayi anayi mwa asanu wokhala ndi pneumothorax yatsopano. Choncho tikulimbikitsidwa kuti musiye kusuta mukakhala ndi pneumothorax, chifukwa kusuta kumawonjezera chiopsezo chobwereza ndi 4! Ndikoletsedwa kusambira pansi pamadzi ndi botolo ngati muli ndi pneumothorax yosagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Njira zothandizira pneumothorax zimangoganizira za zizindikiro zake ndipo sizikunena kuti zimachiza zokha.

Kulimbana ndi nkhawa

The Maluwa a Bach lingalirani kuchitapo kanthu motsutsana ndi nkhawa yobwera chifukwa cha vuto la kupuma lomwe limayambitsidwa ndi pneumothorax. Njira yoyenera kwambiri ndi Rescue, yomwe ntchito yake ingakhale kuchepetsa nkhawa.

Momwemonso, mafuta ena ofunikira amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa anthu omwe ali ndi nkhawa kwambiri chifukwa cha zizindikiro (zowawa, chifuwa, kupuma movutikira, etc.):

• Mafuta ofunika kwambiri a lavandin (Lavender amawotcha kwambiri),
• Mafuta a Mandarin (Zipatso za citrus),
• Mafuta a Petitgrain (Citrus aurantium ssp aurantium),
• Ylan-ylang mafuta ofunikira (Cananga odorata).

Izi ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ku solar plexus.

Mu homeopathy, tidzasankha Ignatia amara ndi Strophantus mu 9 CH pa mlingo wa granules atatu katatu patsiku.