Ambiri aife m'nyengo yozizira timafuna kusangalala ndi nkhaka zowonongeka ndipo, akabwera ku sitolo, amagula mtsuko womwe amakonda. Ndipo pafupifupi palibe amene amazindikira kuti nthawi zambiri, potengera zinthu zopangidwa ndi opanga ku Russia, amagula nkhaka zomwe zimamera ku India. Monga momwe zasonyezedwera ndi maphunziro osankhidwa a bungwe lovomerezeka la "Russian Quality System": gawo la nkhaka zomwe zimagulitsidwa m'dziko lathu zimakula ku India ndi mayiko ena aku Asia. Nthawi zambiri, makampani ogulitsa ndi opanga amangopanganso zinthu.
Zoonadi, munthu sayenera kunyoza ulemu wa nkhaka zomwe zimachokera ku India (ndizotsika mtengo komanso zimawoneka zokongola). Komabe, Roskachestvo amalimbikitsa kuti ogula ayese kugula zinthu kuchokera kwa opanga Russian. Ndipo pali zifukwa zingapo zomveka zochitira zimenezi.
Wopanga zapakhomo ali mumkhalidwe wovuta kwambiri
Mpaka pano, nkhaka zochokera ku Asia (India, Vietnam) zimakhala ndi gawo lalikulu pamsika waku Russia, pafupifupi 85 peresenti yazogulitsa ndi masamba omwe amabzalidwa m'maiko awa. Ndipo kwenikweni chizindikiro ichi sichinasinthe kwa zaka zambiri. Sichimakhudzidwa ndi kusintha kulikonse koyipa kwachuma cha dziko, kapena kusinthasintha kwa dola. Zindikirani kuti pafupifupi nkhaka zonse zokazinga ndi zokazinga ku India zimatumizidwa kunja, ndipo kuchuluka kwazinthu kosawerengeka kumakhalabe pamsika wapakhomo. Wogulitsa kwambiri nkhaka za ku India ndi Russia, kutsatiridwa ndi mayiko aku Western Europe, Canada ndi United States.
Chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwa zinthuzi, alimi a m'nyumba amakakamizika kumenyera "malo padzuwa" makamaka m'madera akuluakulu a dziko lawo.
Kukula kwa nkhaka kumadalira kutsika mtengo kwa ntchito
Gawo lalikulu lomwe ndizotheka kudziwa kuti nkhaka zimakula ku India ndi kukula kwake. Chifukwa chake mabizinesi apakhomo samatenga nkhaka zosakwana XNUMX centimita mu kukula. Izi ndichifukwa cha zovuta zaukadaulo, zomwe makamaka zimakhala ndi ntchito zamanja. Ndipo panthawi imodzimodziyo, alimi ochokera ku India, pogwiritsa ntchito ntchito zotsika mtengo (nthawi zambiri ana amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa ntchitoyi), sankhani nkhaka zazing'ono kwambiri (kuyambira XNUMX mpaka XNUMX cm). Mwa njira, zodzikongoletsera zoterezi ndizodziwika kwambiri. Poganizira kuti nyengo ya dzikolo imalola kukolola kanayi pachaka, ndipo msika wapakhomo suwononga mankhwalawa, kutumizira nkhaka ndi imodzi mwazinthu zotsogola zaulimi waku India.
Kugogomezera kwakukulu kwa opanga aku India ndi chizindikiro cha kuchuluka
Popanga nkhaka za pickling, alimi aku India, mosiyana ndi mayiko aku Western, sagwiritsa ntchito njira zamakono zogwirira ntchito, zomwe zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito mizere yodziwikiratu. Kwenikweni, teknoloji ili motere: zokolola zokolola zimaperekedwa ku fakitale, kumene poyamba zimasankhidwa ndi kukula (pamanja). Gawo laling'ono lazinthu zapamwamba kwambiri limayikidwa nthawi yomweyo mumitsuko ndikutumizidwa ku pickling (izi, titero, zinthu zapamwamba zomwe zimabwera ku Russia pang'ono). Nkhaka zotsalazo zimayikidwa mu migolo ikuluikulu ndikutsanuliridwa ndi marinade odzaza ndi vinyo wosasa. Sera m'migolo imeneyi imabweretsedwa pamalo ofunikira pakukhazikitsa akasinja, ndipo patatha pafupifupi milungu iwiri mbiya zomwe zili ndi nkhaka zimatumizidwa kumalo osungira. Pambuyo pake, zinthu zomalizidwazo zimatumizidwa ku Russia ndi mayiko ena kuti zisungidwe ndikugulitsanso.
Kuti akafike kumsika waku Russia, nkhaka zimayenda mtunda wamakilomita masauzande ambiri.
Kuti migolo yokhala ndi nkhaka zoziziritsa ku Russia ifike ku Russia, ndikofunikira kunyamula mtunda wautali, ndipo zimatenga nthawi yayitali (pafupifupi mwezi umodzi). Kutetezedwa kwa nkhaka paulendo wonse kumadalira kuchuluka kwa asidi. Zikakhala zapamwamba, zimakhala zosavuta kubweretsa katunduyo motetezeka komanso momveka bwino. Ndipo ndizofunika kudziwa kuti asidi wambiri wa asidi, monga momwe zilili ndi zina zilizonse, amakhudza kwambiri thanzi la munthu.
Kuti apereke mawonekedwe okongola, nkhaka zimakonzedwa ndi mankhwala.
Ndizosadabwitsa kuti nkhaka zomwe zili mu marinade okhazikika sizimatheka kudya, koma zingakhale zoopsa ku thanzi. Chifukwa chake, kuti achepetse kuchuluka kwa asidi kukhala malire ovomerezeka, makampani aku Russia amawaviika ndi madzi kwa masiku angapo. Nthawi yomweyo, pamodzi ndi asidi acetic, zotsalira zomaliza za zinthu zothandiza zimatsukidwa. Ndiko kuti, nkhaka zokonzedwa motere zilibe phindu lililonse lazakudya. Komanso, munda wa njira, nkhaka amataya ulaliki wake. Zimakhala zofewa komanso zoyera m'mawonekedwe. Mwachilengedwe, zinthu zotere sizingachitike. Kuti apatse nkhaka zowola mawonekedwe okongola, njira zingapo zogwiritsiridwa ntchito ndi mankhwala zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuti apereke mawonekedwe onyengerera komanso mawonekedwe owoneka bwino, utoto (nthawi zambiri mankhwala) ndi calcium chloride amawonjezeredwa ku nkhaka. Chifukwa cha izi, nkhaka zimakhala zokongola kwambiri komanso zimakhala ndi crispy katundu, koma nthawi yomweyo sizingatchulidwenso kuti ndi zachilengedwe. Pamapeto pake, mankhwalawa amaikidwa mu mitsuko, yodzazidwa ndi marinade a ndende yoyenera ndikutumizidwa ku mabungwe amalonda.
Nthawi zambiri, nkhaka zaku India zimaperekedwa ngati zinthu zapakhomo.
Opanga moona mtima adzazindikira pa chizindikiro cha mtsuko wa nkhaka kuti zinthuzo zimabzalidwa m'minda ya India, ndikuyikidwa ku Russia. Koma nthawi zambiri zimachitika kuti repackers amaiwala kapena safuna kulemba mankhwala awo motere, koma kuika sitampu "wakula mu Russia". Pali zifukwa ziwiri zazikulu zochitira chinyengo chotere: choyamba, kuti zinthuzo zimabzalidwa m'mabizinesi apanyumba alimi zimakulitsa kwambiri kuchuluka kwa malonda, ndipo kachiwiri, ndizosatheka kudziwa zachinyengo, ngakhale mu labotale. N'zotheka kudziwa kuti nkhaka inabwera kwa ife kuchokera ku India ndi zizindikiro zina. Chizindikiro choyamba ndi kukula kwa zobiriwira. Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, alimi athu samasonkhanitsa nkhaka zosakwana centimita sikisi kukula kwake, ndipo kukula kwa zinthu zaku India kumachokera ku centimita imodzi mpaka inayi. Kuphatikiza apo, tsiku la pickling nkhaka silingakhale miyezi yozizira, chifukwa zokolola m'dziko lathu zimangogwera nthawi yachilimwe-yophukira.
Zogulitsa zaku Russia zimaposa zaku India pakukoma
Kapangidwe ka nkhaka zoweta zoweta ndi zazifupi kwambiri ndipo sizifuna kuti ma marinade okhazikika komanso kuwonjezera mankhwala. Ichi ndichifukwa chake kukoma kwa nkhaka zomwe zimapangidwa ku Russia ndizabwino kwambiri kuposa za anzawo aku India "obwezeretsedwa".
M'malo mwake, mutha kusankha mankhwala athanzi komanso okoma potengera kafukufuku wa Roskachestvo. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kulabadira "Quality Mark", yomwe imayikidwa pamalemba azinthu zomwe zimakwaniritsa zofunikira zonse.