Polyp: mawonekedwe a mphuno, chikhodzodzo ndi ma polyps amtundu wanji?
Ma polyps ndi zophuka zomwe zimapezeka kwambiri m'kati mwa matumbo, rectum, chiberekero, m'mimba, mphuno, mphuno, ndi chikhodzodzo. Amatha kuyeza kuchokera mamilimita angapo mpaka ma centimita angapo. Ngakhale nthawi zambiri, izi ndi zotupa zosaoneka bwino komanso zosaoneka bwino, nthawi zina zimatha kukhala khansa.
Mphuno polyp
Pulopu ya m'mphuno ndi kakulidwe ka mphuno kamene kamaphimba mphuno. Zotupa izi, zomwe zimachitika pafupipafupi komanso zowopsa, zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe amitundu iwiri. Zitha kuchitika pa msinkhu uliwonse.
Pulopu yam'mphuno imatha kuwoneka ngati gawo la nasal sinus polyposis, yomwe imadziwika ndi kuchulukirachulukira kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono ta mphuno ndi mphuno.
Zowopsa
Dr. Anne Thirot-Bidault, katswiri wa oncologist anati: Kutchula makamaka angapangidwe ndi kutupa kwa sinuses, mphumu, kusalolera kwa aspirin. Cystic fibrosis imapangitsanso mapangidwe a polyp. Ma genetic predisposition (mbiri yabanja) ndizothekanso pankhaniyi ”.
zizindikiro
Zizindikiro zazikulu za polyp ya m'mphuno ndizofanana kwambiri ndi chimfine. Zowonadi, wodwalayo amamva kununkhiza, ndipo amavutika ndi mphuno yodzaza, kuyetsemula mobwerezabwereza, kutuluka kwa ntchentche komanso kukopera.
Kuchiza
Monga chithandizo choyamba, dokotala adzapereka chithandizo chamankhwala chochokera ku corticosteroids m'deralo, popopera, kuti azipopera m'mphuno. Chithandizochi chimathandizira kuchepetsa zizindikiro pochepetsa kukula kwa ma polyps.
Opaleshoni (polypectomy kapena kuchotsa polyps) pogwiritsa ntchito endoscope (chubu chowonera chosinthika) nthawi zina ndikofunikira ngati atsekereza njira ya mpweya kapena kuyambitsa matenda am'mphuno pafupipafupi.
Ma polyps a m'mphuno amatha kubwereza, pokhapokha ngati zowawa, zowawa, kapena matenda sizimayendetsedwa.
Polyp m'chikhodzodzo
Ma polyps a m'chikhodzodzo ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timatuluka m'chikhodzodzo, chotchedwa urothelium. Zotupazi pafupifupi nthawi zonse zimapangidwa ndi dysplastic, ndiko kuti, maselo a khansa.
zizindikiro
Nthawi zambiri, ma polyps awa amapezeka pamaso pa magazi mumkodzo (hematuria). Zitha kuwonetsedwanso ndi kutentha pamene mukukodza kapena ndi chilakolako chopweteka chofuna kukodza.
Zowopsa
Zotupa za m'chikhodzodzozi zimakondedwa ndi kusuta komanso kukhudzana ndi mankhwala ena (arsenic, mankhwala ophera tizilombo, zotumphukira za benzene, ma carcinogens a mafakitale). Amawonedwa pafupipafupi mwa anthu azaka zopitilira 50, ndipo amapezeka mwa amuna katatu kuposa akazi.
"Ngati mumkodzo muli magazi, dokotalayo amayitanitsa kaye kafukufuku wa cytobacteriological wa mkodzo (ECBU) kuti athetse matenda a mkodzo, ndiyeno kuyesa mkodzo kwa maselo osadziwika bwino (mkodzo cytology) ndi chikhodzodzo cha fibroscopic," akufotokoza. Dr Anne Thirot-Bidault.
Kuchiza
Mwachiphamaso, chithandizochi chimakhala ndi kuchotsa zotupazo mwachilengedwe pansi pa kamera. Njira imeneyi imatchedwa transurethral bladder resection (UVRT). Ma polyp kapena ma polyps amaperekedwa ku labotale ya anatomopathology yomwe, pambuyo pakuwunika kwapang'onopang'ono, imazindikira kuchuluka kwa kulowetsedwa komanso kuopsa kwa maselo (kalasi). Zotsatira zidzatsogolera chithandizo.
M'mitundu yolowera yomwe imakhudza minofu ya chikhodzodzo, ndikofunikira kuchotsa chiwalocho pochita opaleshoni yayikulu (cystectomy).
Mtundu wa polyp
Chotupa cha colorectal ndi chotupa chilichonse chokwera cha m'matumbo kapena m'matumbo. Imawonekera mosavuta pakuwunika, mkati mwa kugaya chakudya.
Kukula kwake kumasiyanasiyana - kuchokera ku 2 millimeters ndi ma centimita angapo - monga momwe amawonekera:
Pulopu ya sessile imawoneka ngati yozungulira yozungulira (monga galasi la wotchi), yoyikidwa pakhoma lamkati la colon kapena rectum;
The pedicled polyp amapangidwa ngati bowa, ndi phazi ndi mutu;
The polyp planar imakwezedwa pang'ono pakhoma lamkati la colon kapena rectum;
Ndipo polyp yokhumudwa kapena yokhala ndi zilonda imapanga dzenje pakhoma.
Colon polyps ali pachiwopsezo
Ma polyp ena am'matumbo amakhala ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chokhala ndi khansa.
Adenomatous polyps
Amapangidwa ndi maselo a glandular omwe amayendera lumen ya matumbo akulu. "Awa ndi omwe amapezeka pafupipafupi, akutero adokotala. Amakhudza 2/3 ya ma polyps ndipo ali pachiwopsezo chokhala ndi khansa ”. Ngati asintha, ma adenomas atatu mu 3 amakhala khansa yapakhungu. Pambuyo kuchotsedwa, iwo amakonda kubwereza. Kuyang'anira ndikofunikira.
Ma polyps opangidwa ndi scalloped kapena serrated
Ma polyps adenomatous awa amakhala ndi udindo wochulukitsa kuchuluka kwa khansa ya m'matumbo (yochitika pakati pa ma colonoscopies awiri owongolera) chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuyang'anitsitsa.
Mitundu ina ya polyps yamatumbo
Magulu ena a ma polyps a m'matumbo, monga hyperplastic polyps (omwe amadziwika ndi kuchuluka kwa kukula ndi kusintha kwa tiziwalo timene timatulutsa m'matumbo a m'matumbo) sapita patsogolo ku khansa yapakhungu.
Zowopsa
Colon polyps nthawi zambiri imakhudzana ndi zaka, banja kapena mbiri yakale. "Chibadwa ichi chimakhudza pafupifupi 3% ya khansa," akutero katswiri. Pankhaniyi, tikukamba za polyposis banja kapena matenda Lynch, autosomal lalikulu cholowa matenda, kutanthauza kuti munthu wodwala ali ndi chiopsezo 50% kupatsira matenda kwa ana ake ".
zizindikiro
Dr. Anne Thirot-Bidault anatsimikizira kuti: Nthawi zambiri, amatha kukhala omwe amayambitsa magazi m'chopondapo (kutuluka magazi m'matumbo) ”.
Kuchiza
Kuyeza kofunikira kuti muzindikire polyp yamatumbo ndi colonoscopy. Zimakulolani kuti muwone makoma a m'matumbo ndipo, pogwiritsa ntchito forceps, kutenga zitsanzo zina (biopsy) kuti mufufuze minofu.
"Ablation, makamaka panthawi ya colonoscopy, ndiye chithandizo chabwino kwambiri cha polyp m'matumbo. Izi zimathandizira kupewa kuyambika kwa khansa, ”akutero interlocutor wathu. Pankhani ya sessile polyps kapena ma polyps akulu kwambiri, kuchotsa kuyenera kuchitidwa ndi opaleshoni.
Ku France, kuyezetsa khansa yapakhungu kumaperekedwa mwa kuitana, zaka ziwiri zilizonse, kwa amayi ndi abambo azaka zapakati pa 50 mpaka 74 komanso opanda mbiri yaumwini kapena banja.