Zamkatimu
- 1. Lawrence LeShan “Ngati kuli nkhondo mawa? Psychology of War»
- 2. Mikhail Reshetnikov "Psychology of War"
- 3. Ursula Wirtz, Joerg Zobeli “Ludzu lofuna tanthauzo. Munthu pazovuta kwambiri. Malire a Psychotherapy »
- 4. Peter Levine Waking the Tiger - Healing Trauma
- 5. Otto Van der Hart, Ellert RS Nienhayus, Cathy Steele Mizimu Yakale. Kupatukana kwadongosolo ndi chithandizo chazotsatira za kuvulala kwama psychic kosatha "
"Tchuthi ndi misozi m'maso" - mzere wa nyimboyi wakhala njira yowonetsera maganizo a anthu a ku Russia pa Kupambana mu Nkhondo Yaikulu Yokonda Dziko Lapansi. Komabe, kuwonjezera pa misozi, zochitika za kutenga nawo mbali pankhondo - pankhondo, monga wozunzidwa kapena kumbuyo - zimasiya mabala aakulu pa moyo. Mu psychology, mabala oterowo nthawi zambiri amatchedwa post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Tikunena za mabuku asanu amene angakuthandizeni kumvetsa mmene nkhondo imachitikira m’maganizo, kuvulala kumene kumachitika tsoka ngati limeneli, ndiponso njira zochiritsira.
1. Lawrence LeShan “Ngati kuli nkhondo mawa? Psychology of War»
M'bukuli, katswiri wa zamaganizo wa ku America (wokonda kukhulupirira zinsinsi mopambanitsa m'mabuku ake ena) akuwonetsa chifukwa chake nkhondo zakhala bwenzi lapamtima la anthu kwa zaka mazana ambiri - komanso chifukwa chake Middle Ages ndi malingaliro ake achipembedzo, kapena New Age ndi kuunika kwake sikunathe. letsani kukhetsa mwazi.
"Kutengera zomwe tili nazo zokhudza nthawi, kuchuluka kwa nkhondo, komanso kutchuka kwa nkhondo, tikhoza kunena kuti nkhondoyi amapatsa anthu chiyembekezo kuti athetse mavuto awo kapenanso unyinji wa mavuto amene angadziŵike kuti ndi a padziko lonse,” akutero LeShan. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, nkhondo zimapangidwira kuti zikwaniritse zosowa za anthu - ndipo, malinga ndi maganizo a LeShan, tikukamba za zofunikira zamaganizo, osati zachuma. Palibe nkhondo yomwe idapatsa aliyense mwayi woti "ndalama": mizu yamagazi siili pachuma.
2. Mikhail Reshetnikov "Psychology of War"
Katswiri wa zamaganizo Mikhail Reshetnikov chakumayambiriro kwa 1970-1980 anali chinkhoswe mu maganizo kusankha ofuna maphunziro pa ndege sukulu ya oyendetsa ndege ndi kuphunzira khalidwe la anthu m'malo masoka achilengedwe, nkhondo ndi masoka. Makamaka, zinthu za kusanthula kwake zinali nkhondo ku Afghanistan, ngozi ya Chernobyl mphamvu ya nyukiliya (1986), chivomerezi Spitak ku Armenia (1988) ndi zochitika zina. Mikhail Reshetnikov's doctoral dissertation adalandira sitampu "Top Secret" - idachotsedwa mu 2008, pamene wofufuzayo adaganiza zosonkhanitsa zomwe adachita m'buku limodzi.
Kulembedwa m'chinenero chowuma cha sayansi, ntchitoyi idzakhala yokondweretsa makamaka kwa akatswiri a maganizo ndi akatswiri a maganizo omwe amagwira ntchito ndi anthu omwe apulumuka masoka kapena omwe akugwira nawo ntchito zankhondo. Udindo wa "chinthu chaumunthu" mu nkhondo, masoka achilengedwe ndi ntchito zopulumutsa ndizofunikira kwambiri pa phunziroli: wolembayo akupanga malingaliro enieni kuti agonjetse. Pulofesa Reshetnikov amaganiziranso kwambiri momwe asilikali a ku Afghanistani adasinthira ku moyo wamba pambuyo pa nkhondo. Chifukwa cha ntchito yayikulu ya m'badwo wonse wa amuna, zomwe akatswiri a zamaganizo amayang'ana nazo zingathenso kuwunikira mbali za nyengo yamaganizo mu Russia yamakono.
3. Ursula Wirtz, Joerg Zobeli “Ludzu lofuna tanthauzo. Munthu pazovuta kwambiri. Malire a Psychotherapy »
Bukuli langokhala kotala la zaka zana zapitazo, koma limatengedwa kale kuti ndilo buku lapamwamba lazolemba. Olemba, a Jungian ndi neo-Freudian, adayesa kufotokozera mu ntchito yawo mbali zingapo zogwira ntchito ndi kupwetekedwa kwamaganizo nthawi imodzi: tanthawuzo ndi vuto la tanthawuzo, zoperewera ndi njira zowagonjetsa, kuyesa kupanga njira zambiri zochiritsira kuvulala. . Amagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zambiri zomwe zasonkhanitsidwa panthawi ya ntchito ndi omwe akugwira nawo ntchito komanso ozunzidwa pankhondo ku Yugoslavia, ndikuwonetsa zomwe zimachitika m'dziko lamkati la munthu panthawi ya zochitika zomaliza, kukumana ndi maso ndi maso ndi imfa.
Malingana ndi njira ya Wirtz ndi Zobeli, maziko ogonjetsa zoopsa ndi kufufuza ndi kubadwa kwa tanthauzo latsopano ndi kumanga chidziwitso chatsopano kuzungulira tanthauzo ili. Apa amakumana ndi malingaliro a Viktor Frankl ndi Alfried Lenglet, ndipo sikuti amangoyika tanthauzo patsogolo. Monga Frankl wamkulu ndi Lenglet, olemba bukuli amachepetsa kusiyana pakati pa njira yasayansi ya psychology ndi lingaliro lachipembedzo la moyo ndi uzimu, kubweretsa okayikira ndi okhulupirira kuyandikira limodzi. Mwina phindu lalikulu la kopeli ndi kuyanjana komwe kumachitika patsamba lililonse.
4. Peter Levine Waking the Tiger - Healing Trauma
Katswiri wa zamaganizo Peter Levin, pofotokoza njira ya machiritso ovulala, poyamba amatsutsa lingaliro lenileni la kupwetekedwa mtima, amafika pansi pa zoopsazo. Mwachitsanzo, akamalankhula za omenyera nkhondo komanso ozunzidwa (ndipo sizodabwitsa kuti ali pafupi ndi iye pamndandanda wake!), Pulofesa Levin ananena kuti nthawi zambiri amalephera kufotokoza za "immobilization reaction" - mwanjira ina, amapeza. anakhala mu chokumana nacho choipa kwa miyezi ndi zaka. ndi kulankhula za kuvutika mobwerezabwereza, kupitiriza kukhala ndi mkwiyo, mantha ndi zowawa.
"Immobilization of chikumbumtima" ndi imodzi mwamasitepe ofunikira kumoyo wabwinobwino. Koma ndi anthu ochepa okha omwe angathe kuchita okha, choncho udindo wa akatswiri a maganizo, abwenzi ndi achibale pa ndondomekoyi ndi wofunika kwambiri. Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti bukuli likhale lothandiza osati kwa akatswiri okha: ngati m'modzi mwa okondedwa anu adachitiridwa nkhanza, tsoka, kapena kubwerera kunkhondo, zochita zanu ndi mawu anu zitha kuwathandiza kukhalanso ndi moyo.
5. Otto Van der Hart, Ellert RS Nienhayus, Cathy Steele Mizimu Yakale. Kupatukana kwadongosolo ndi chithandizo chazotsatira za kuvulala kwama psychic kosatha "
Bukhuli likuchita ndi zotsatira za zochitika zowawa monga kudzipatula, kapena kumverera kuti kugwirizana kwa chidziwitso chanu ndi zenizeni kwatayika - ndipo zochitika zomwe zikuzungulirani sizikuchitikirani, koma kwa wina.
Monga olemba amanenera, kwa nthawi yoyamba kupatukana kunafotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane ndi katswiri wazamisala waku Britain komanso katswiri wamisala wa Nkhondo Yoyamba Yapadziko Lonse, Charles Samuel Myers: adawona kuti asitikali omwe adatenga nawo gawo pankhondo za 1914-1918 adakhala ndikusinthana ndi aliyense. umunthu wina wakunja (ANP) ndi umunthu wokhudzidwa (AL). Ngati choyamba cha zigawozi chinkafuna kutenga nawo mbali m'moyo wamba, chikulakalaka kugwirizanitsa, ndiye chachiwiri chinali cholamulidwa ndi malingaliro owononga. Kuyanjanitsa ANP ndi EP, kupanga chotsatiracho kuti chisawonongeke, ndi ntchito yaikulu ya katswiri wogwira ntchito ndi PTSD.
Kafukufuku wa m'zaka za zana lotsatira, malinga ndi zomwe Myers anaziwona, zinapangitsa kuti adziwe momwe angagwirizanitsenso umunthu wopwetekedwa ndi wosweka - ndondomekoyi siili yophweka, koma kuyesetsa kwa othandizira ndi okondedwa kungathe kuchitidwa kupyolera mu izo.