Kumayambiriro kwa makumi awiri^e Zaka zana, pamene dziko la malingaliro liri mu chipwirikiti, katswiri wa zaubongo waku Italy ndi psychiatrist Roberto Assagioli (1888-1974) amadzitalikitsa yekha kuchokera ku chikhalidwe cha Freud's psychoanalysis, yomwe idakali yakhanda, kuti igwire ntchito yapadziko lonse komanso yaumunthu. Amachoka ku "kuwunika kwa psyche" kuti apite ku "kaphatikizidwe ka psyche". Njira ya chitukuko chaumwini kuti amayembekezera cholinga cha kuphatikizika kwa miyeso 4 ya munthu: thupi, maganizo, nzeru ndi moyo. Ichi chinali, zikuwoneka, choyamba kuphatikiza psychotherapy Mwangozi.

Assagioli akuti gulu la ziwalo zodalirana (ziwalo zosiyanasiyana, kuzindikira / kusazindikira, umunthu, etc.) zimapangaKukhala munthu, palokha mu ubale wodalirana ndi magulu ena a anthu ndi anthu. Njira yake imafuna kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupimgwirizano wa zinthu zotsutsana -Mwachitsanzo, munthu wopanduka ndi amene akufuna kulandiridwa - kupyolera mu ntchito yozindikiritsa, kuvomereza ndi kuphatikiza. Njira yomwe ingakwaniritsidwe, adatero, chifukwa cha mphamvu yachilengedwe komanso yozama yamgwirizano zomwe tonse tiri nazo (nthawi zina zimatchedwa tokha). Mbali iyi ya psychosynthesis mwina ndiyodziwika bwino.

Titha kugwiritsa ntchito psychosynthesis ngati chida cha kuthetsa mikangano, kaya munthu payekha, anthu kapena gulu. Koma cholinga chake chachikulu ndikupangitsa munthuyo kuzindikira tanthauzo la moyo wake.

Psychosynthesis kukhala njira yoyambira, osati yowoneka bwino, kupezeka kwake ndikwanzeru. Kwa nthawi yayitali ku Italy, tsopano ikufalikira m'mayiko ambiri a ku Ulaya (makamaka ku United Kingdom), komanso ku Australia ndi New Zealand, Argentina, Brazil, Mexico, United States ndi Canada.

Kutsegula maganizo, fluidity, humanism, chifundo, kulenga, kuchitapo kanthu pagulu, izi ndi luso kuti psychosynthesis ikufuna kukula mwa anthu, ndi cholinga cha kupambana kwaumwini ndi chikhalidwe m'dziko lathu lamakono.

Pakati pa mfundo za njirayo, munthu amafuna kuti chilengedwe chikhale cholongosoka m’njira yakuti chikomere “chisinthiko cha chikumbumtima “; wina akuganiza kutimoyo, zomwe zikanakhala za "zaumulungu", zimafuna nthawi zonse kukula (mfundo izi sizikudziwika ndi classical psychology).

Monga momwe munthu amafunira nthawi zonse kuti mikhalidwe yeniyeni yomwe ali nayo isinthe kukhala zochita zenizeni, timamvetsetsa kuti ali nkhawa et watsoka pamaso pa zochitika mwadzidzidzi za moyo. Chaka choyamba cha kukhalapo kwake makamaka ndi nthawi ya "mabala oyamba" omwe amawuukira mu kapangidwe kake ndikuwuukira. umunthu. Kugonjetsa CD zomwe zimalepheretsa kuti zisafike ku chidzalo cha mphamvu zake zofunika, munthuyo ayenera choyamba kuzipeza ndi kuzizindikira - popanda kuwaweruza komanso ngakhale kumenyana nawo - kenako "kudzizindikiritsa" kuchokera kwa iwo.

Ntchito ya psychosynthesis imatsogoleranso munthu kusanthula zilakolako oponderezedwa kuchokera m'munsi chikomokere, kumveketsa kusankha za kudzizindikira kwake ndi kumvera zokhumba za kulenga ndi zodziwikiratu za chikomokere chake chapamwamba (onani chithunzi cha dzira pansipa).

Chimodzi mwazinthu zodziwika bwino za njirayo ndikuthandiza munthu kudziwa zambiri zake umunthu "Osadziwa", kuwawongolera, ndi kukwaniritsa "kaphatikizidwe". Mu ntchito yake, psychosynthesist ali zambiri latitude kusankha zida, kuphatikizapo kusinkhasinkha, kulemba, thupi kumasulidwa masewero, zowonera, zilandiridwenso, etc. bwenzi kwa kasitomala wake mu ntchito yake yachitukuko, amaganizira zochitika zonse za moyo wake - mkati, banja, chikhalidwe - monga njira zambiri zopezera. Tiyeneranso kukumbukira kuti psychosynthesis Thandizo lidzakhala gawo lalikulu pakupanga "kuyambitsa machiritso". Kaya ikuwoneka ngati yothandiza pa moyo wathu kapena ikuwoneka kuti ikutsutsa, a nditero akadali chiwonetsero chofunikira cha "Ine" chomwe chimadziwonetsera kudzera mumagulu ang'onoang'ono awa.

Momwemonso munthu amazindikira zake psychosynthesis personal - ndiko kunena kutikusakanikirana za zinthu zingapo za kukhala kwake - m'pamenenso kachitidwe kake kamakhala komwe munthu anganene kuti ndi koyenera. Kenako amaonetsa mochulukira makhalidwe a umunthu wake, monga mzimu wa mgwirizano, udindo wa anthu ndi chikondi chopanda dyera, ndipo amapita patsogolo mumkhalidwe wosiyana ndi munthu. kusanduka (zomwe zilipo kupitirira umunthu wake, chikhalidwe chake ndi dziko lake laling'ono). (Onani tsamba la Transpersonal Psychology.)

Wopangidwa ndi Roberto Assagioli, chithunzichi chikuyimira miyeso ingapo ya psyche zomwe munthu angathe kuzipanga.

1. Kukomoka m'munsi : likulu la magalimoto akale, mabala aubwana, zilakolako zoponderezedwa.

2. Pafupifupi chikomokere : likulu la zochitika za kulenga, zongoganizira komanso zaluntha, malo oyembekezera.

3. Kukomoka kwambiri kapena kukomoka kwambiri : likulu la zodziwikiratu zakuya, maiko odzipereka komanso mphamvu zapamwamba kwambiri zamalingaliro.

4. Munda wa chidziwitso : gawo lomwe kumayenda kosalekeza kwa zomverera, zithunzi, malingaliro, malingaliro, zokhumba ...

5. Conscious Self kapena "Ine" : pakati pa chidziwitso ndi chifuniro, amatha kudzipatula ku mbali za umunthu.

6. Wammwambamwamba kapena wauzimu (transpersonal) : komwe umunthu ndi chilengedwe zimaphatikizana.

7. Kukomoka kwapang'onopang'ono : magma omwe timasambiramo, opangidwa ndi zida zakale komanso zakale.

Roberto Assagioli adalongosola njira yake ngati nthawi zambiri a maganizo wokhoza kupereka chitsogozo ku ntchito iliyonse ya psychotherapeutic. Nthawi zina amatchedwa "mankhwala kwa omwe ali ndi chiyembekezo," koma akatswiri ake amaphunzitsidwabe kuthana ndi zovuta za chithandizo. umunthu.

Malinga ndi French Institute of Psychosynthesis¹, njirayo ndi ya aliyense amene akufuna:

• kudziwana wina ndi mzake ntchito bwino ndi kufotokoza zomwe angathe;
• kuzindikira chiyambi cha Mikangano, mbuye ndi kuwasintha;
• kukhazikitsa kudzidalira, kudziyimira pawokha komanso udindo wosintha;
• kuzindikira njira zoyankhulirana ndi samalira maubwenzi;
• kukhazikitsa Chilengedwe ndikuthandizira kudziwonetsera;
• khalani ndi malingaliro osinthika pophunzira kugwiritsa ntchito zida zomwe mungathe kupirira zosayembekezereka moyo waumwini, wachibale ndi wantchito;
• kukulitsa madyerero ndikumvetsera winayo;
• kuzindikira, kuyamikira ndi kulimbikitsa mfundo ndi zokumana nazo zaumwini kukhala watanthauzo kwambiri.

Ngakhale palibe maphunziro asayansi oyendetsedwa omwe adasindikizidwa okhudzana ndi mphamvu zake, ma psychosynthesis zingakhale zoyenera makamaka kukumana ndi mikhalidwe zotsutsana, kaya zachinsinsi ou wapamtima. Zimalimbikitsidwa makamaka pothandiza anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la dissociative identity disorder (Dissociative Identity Disorder). Vuto lamtunduwu limapezeka mwa akuluakulu omwe adazunzidwa kwambiri, kugonana kapena ayi, ali mwana, komanso omwe adayenera kutero siyana za kuzunzika kwawo kuti apulumuke.

Maziko amalingaliro ndi othandiza a psychosynthesis amathanso kukhala maziko pamapulogalamu osiyanasiyana ophunzirira. Izi ndizochitika makamaka ku yunivesite ya Texas mu pulogalamu yophunzitsa anamwino kukhala azamba.².

Ambiri amachitanso chimodzimodzi akatswiri azaumoyo kapena ubale wothandizira (akatswiri a zamaganizo, psychotherapists, ogwira ntchito zamagulu, etc.). Kutengera zolinga za munthu payekha, ntchitoyi imatha kuchitika m'njira ziwiri:

Magawo aumwini. Kukumana kwa Psychosynthetic ndi kofanana ndi kukumana kwamankhwala ambiri, komwe kumakhudza ntchito yapamaso ndi maso komanso zambiri. zokambirana, komanso kuphatikiza angapo kubowola. Nthawi zambiri ndi ntchito yayitali, miyezi ingapo, kuphatikiza misonkhano yamlungu ndi mlungu pafupifupi ola limodzi.

Maphunziro amagulu. Mwautali wosiyanasiyana, nthawi zambiri amakhazikika pamitu monga kudzidalira, mphamvu, luso la kulenga, mphamvu zofunikira, ndi zina zotero. Maphunzirowa kwa anthu omwe si akatswiri amaperekedwa nthawi zonse ndi mabungwe ophunzitsira ndi akatswiri ena.

Mayiko a mchitidwewu akadali ku Florence, koma palibe bungwe lomwe limagwirizanitsa maphunzirowa m'mayiko osiyanasiyana. Maphunziro ambiri amapereka magawo awiri a maphunziro.

Pulogalamu yoyambira cholinga chake ndi anthu omwe akufuna kuphatikiza psychosynthesis m'moyo wawo waumwini, wamagulu kapena wantchito (monga mphunzitsi, woyang'anira, wodzipereka, etc.). Nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa m'masiku ochepa omwe amafalikira zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu. Zimatenga maola osachepera 2, mpaka 3 nthawi zina.

Pulogalamu ya 2^e kuzungulira idapangidwira anthu omwe akufuna kugwira ntchito ngati ma psychosynthesists, kuthandiza maubale komanso mu psychotherapy. Ndilotseguka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi digiri ya yunivesite mu chilango chogwirizana (akatswiri a zamaganizo, akatswiri a zaumoyo, ogwira ntchito zachitukuko, ndi zina zotero) omwe amaliza bwino pulogalamuyo. Zimachitika mu ma internship, pazaka 3, kwa okwana 500 mpaka 1 maola.

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti Assagioli adawona maphunziro aliwonse mu psychosynthesis monga kukhala woyamba ndi maphunziro laumwini chimene chinayenera kuchitika kwa moyo wonse.

Zambiri mwazolemba zolembedwa mu French pa psychosynthesis zamasuliridwa ndikufalitsidwa ndi amodzi mwa mabungwe ophunzitsira ndipo zimangoperekedwa kudzera mwa iwo kapena kwa akatswiri. Tiyeni titchule, mwa zina:

Ferruci Pierro. Psychosynthesis: Chitsogozo chamalingaliro ndi othandiza pakudzizindikira, Montreal Psychosynthesis Center, Canada, 1985.

Kampani John ndi Russell Ann. Kodi psychosynthesis ndi chiyani?, Center for the Integration of Persons, Canada.

M'malo ogulitsa mabuku, mutha kupeza mabuku angapo achi French, kuphatikiza:

Assagioli D^r Robert. Psychosynthesis - Mfundo ndi njira, Desclee de Brouwer, France, 1997.

Pamasamba pafupifupi 300, bukuli lili ndi chidziwitso choyambirira, chomwe chingakhale chosangalatsa kwa akatswiri paubwenzi wothandizira, komanso kwa anthu omwe angafune kugwiritsa ntchito iwo eni.

Pellerin Monique, Bres Micheline. Kusokoneza maganizo, University Press of France, coll. Que sais-je?, France, 1994.

Monga ntchito zambiri mu Que sais-je? Kusonkhanitsa, izi zimapereka momveka bwino komanso zofikirika (koma zongopeka chabe) mfundo zazikuluzikulu za njirayo ndi magwiritsidwe ake.

Anasaina John. Ine ndi Soi - Malingaliro atsopano mu psychosynthesis, Center for the Integration of the Person, Canada, 1993.

Bukhu lowundana lomwe limakulitsa malire a psychosynthesis komanso lomwe likufuna kubwezeretsa uzimu m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku komanso m'thupi.

Mawu a John ndi Crazy Ann. Psychosynthesis: Psychology ya Mzimu, State University of New York, United States, 2002.

Bukuli likuwonetsa maziko a njirayo ndi zomwe zikuchitika. Ntchito yathunthu, koma yovuta kwambiri.

Bas-Saint-Laurent Psychosynthesis Center

Malo okhawo ophunzitsira ku Quebec.

www.psychosynthese.ca

French Institute of Psychosynthesis

Zambiri zothandiza pazantchito za Institute, imodzi mwamalo ophunzitsira ku France.

http://psychosynthese.free.fr

French Society of Therapeutic Psychosynthesis

Tsamba lathunthu: chilichonse chilipo, kuphatikiza zolemba zamaphunziro, komanso mndandanda wamalo omwe ali m'maiko ena aku Europe.

www.psychosynthese.com

Psychosynthesis & Education Trust

Bungwe lopanda phindu ili ndi likulu lakale kwambiri la psychosynthesis ku England. Imodzi mwamasamba abwino kwambiri mu Chingerezi.

www.psychosynthesis.edu

Webusaiti ya Psychosynthesis

Tsamba lolumikizidwa ndi Association for The Advancement of Psychosynthesis, bungwe loyamba lamtundu wake kukhazikitsidwa ku United States mu 1995. Zolembedwa bwino, maulalo ambiri.

http://two.not2.org/psychosynthesis