Raki ndi chakumwa choledzeretsa chosatsekemera chomwe chimapezeka ku Turkey, Albania, Iran ndi Greece, chomwe chimatengedwa ngati mzimu wa dziko la Turkey. M'malo mwake, izi ndi mitundu yamitundu yamtundu wa anise, ndiko kuti, distillate yamphesa ndi kuwonjezera kwa anise. Raki nthawi zambiri amatumikiridwa ngati aperitif, amayenda bwino ndi nsomba zam'madzi kapena meze - zozizira zazing'ono zozizira. Mphamvu ya chakumwa imafika 45-50% vol.
Etymology. Mawu akuti "raki" amachokera ku Arabic arak ("arak") ndipo amatanthauza "distillate" kapena "essence". Nzosadabwitsa kuti zakumwa zambiri zoledzeretsa zimakhala ndi mizu yofanana, kuphatikizapo rakia. Tanthauzo lina la mawu awa ndi "evaporation", mwina mawuwa amatanthauza njira ya distillation.
History
Mpaka zaka za m'ma 1870, mu Ufumu wa Ottoman Muslim, distillates sanasangalale ndi chikondi chodziwika bwino, vinyo anakhalabe chakumwa chachikulu choledzeretsa (ndipo ngakhale kumwerekera kwa vinyo kunatsutsidwa ndi akuluakulu ndipo kungayambitse mavuto ambiri kwa munthu). Pambuyo pakumasulidwa kwa XNUMXs pomwe raki adawonekera. Chakumwacho chinapezedwa ndi distilling phala la mphesa pomace wotsala pambuyo popanga vinyo. Kenaka distillate inalowetsedwa ndi anise kapena chingamu (madzi ozizira a khungwa la mtengo) - pamapeto pake, zakumwazo zimatchedwa sakiz rakisi kapena mastikha. Mowa ukaikidwa m’botolo popanda zokometsera, unkatchedwa duz raki (“woyera” raki).
Masiku ano ku Turkey, kupanga raki mphesa kwakhalabe kukhazikika kwa bizinesi ya boma Tekel ("Tekel"), gawo loyamba la chakumwa lidawonekera mu 1944 mumzinda wa Izmir. Masiku ano, kupanga raki kumachitika makamaka ndi makampani apadera, kuphatikizapo Tekel, yomwe inakhazikitsidwa mwachinsinsi mu 2004. Mitundu yatsopano ndi mitundu yawonekera, monga Efe, Cilingir, Mercan, Burgaz, Taris, Mey, Elda, ndi zina zotero. onjezerani distillate mu migolo ya oak, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yagolide.
Pangani
Njira yachikhalidwe yopanga raki imaphatikizapo izi:
- Kusungunula phala la mphesa mu alambika yamkuwa (nthawi zina ndikuwonjezera mowa wa ethyl).
- Kulowetsedwa mowa wamphamvu pa tsabola.
- Re-distillation.
Izi ndiye maziko ofunikira, komabe, kutengera mtundu, raki imathanso kukhala ndi zokometsera zowonjezera komanso/kapena kukalamba m'migolo.
Chenjerani! Kuphika moŵa wa kuwala kwa mwezi ndikofala ku Turkey. Raki yovomerezeka ikhoza kukhala yokwera mtengo kwambiri chifukwa cha misonkho yambiri, kotero misika imakumana ndi mitundu "yoyimba" yopangidwa mwaluso. Ubwino wa zakumwa zotere umasiya kukhala wofunidwa, ndipo nthawi zina zimakhala zovulaza thanzi, choncho ndi bwino kugula nkhanu m'masitolo, osati m'manja.
Mitundu ya nkhanu
Raki yapamwamba imapangidwa kuchokera ku mphesa (keke, zoumba kapena zipatso zatsopano), koma palinso kusiyana kwa mkuyu komwe kumadziwika kwambiri kumadera akumwera kwa Turkey (otchedwa incir rakisi).
Mitundu ya crayfish mphesa:
- Yeni Raki - yopangidwa ndi distillation iwiri, yodziwika kwambiri, "yachikhalidwe" yamtundu, imakhala ndi kukoma kwamphamvu kwa anise.
- Yas uzum rakisi - mphesa zatsopano zimatengedwa ngati maziko.
- Kuviika rakisi ndi chakumwa chotsalira mu akadali pambuyo distillation wa tsabola tincture. Imawonedwa ngati yonunkhira komanso yokoma kwambiri, nthawi zambiri imagulitsidwa, nthawi zambiri, oyang'anira mabizinesi amapatsa nsombayi kwa makasitomala olemekezeka kwambiri.
- Raki wakuda amathiridwa katatu kenaka amakalamba mu migolo ya oak kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.
Momwe mungamwe raki
Ku Turkey, nsomba za crayfish zimachepetsedwa mu chiŵerengero cha 1: 2 kapena 1: 3 (magawo awiri kapena atatu a madzi ku gawo limodzi la mowa), komanso amatsukidwa ndi madzi ozizira. Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mafuta ofunikira, akasungunuka, nsomba za crayfish zimakhala ndi mitambo ndipo zimakhala zoyera, choncho dzina losavomerezeka "mkaka wa mkango" nthawi zambiri limapezeka.
Nsomba za nkhanu zimatha kuperekedwa musanadye chakudya chamadzulo komanso pambuyo pake, pomwe zokometsera zing'onozing'ono zozizira komanso zotentha, nsomba zam'madzi, nsomba, arugula, tchizi choyera, ndi vwende zimayikidwa patebulo limodzi ndi chakumwa. Raki amapitanso bwino ndi mbale za nyama, monga kebabs. Chakumwacho chimaperekedwa m'magalasi opapatiza a kadeh.
Anthu aku Turkey amamwa raki mozungulira komanso pamaphwando akulu kuti akondwerere tsiku lalikulu ndikuchepetsa kuwawa kwawo. Anthu ammudzi amakhulupirira kuti zotsatira za raki zimadalira momwe akumvera: nthawi zina munthu amaledzera pambuyo pa kuwombera kangapo, ndipo nthawi zina amakhalabe omveka ngakhale pambuyo pa botolo lonse, amangokhalira kukondwa pang'ono.
