Zamkatimu
Kachiwiri, chifukwa sikuti nthawi zonse umaledzera. Kutentha kotentha kumadalira, choyambirira, chifukwa cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana: vinyo wabwino kwambiri wa mpunga waku Japan - umafunika, wapamwamba kwambiri, wolemba - amataya kununkhira konse kwa fungo ndi fungo mukatenthedwa, motero ndi bwino kumamwa atazizira.
Palinso "chachitatu". Sake si dzina lovomerezeka pa chakumwa ichi. Ku Japan, chifukwa amatchedwa (Nihon - Japan, Xu - chifukwa) kapena seisyu… Dzinalo limaphatikizidwa ndi malamulo aku Japan.
Zomwe muyenera kupanga
Zogwiritsa ntchito zokha wopukutidwa mpunga, chifukwa pakati pokha pa njere za mpunga mumakhala wowuma wofunikira kuti nayonso mphamvu. Kupera kumachotsa 25% mpaka 70% yamagawo apamwamba a njere. Pambuyo pogaya, mpunga umatsukidwa, kuviika ndikutentha.
Kupatula mpunga, madzi, koji ndi shubo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga. Kodi - izi ndi mbewu za mpunga zomwe zakhudzidwa ndi nkhungu ya kojikin, aka. Mwachidule ndikukwera amatchedwa chotupitsa chotupitsa yisiti, chomwe chimapangidwa ndi mpunga, madzi, koji ndi yisiti.
Onse koji ndi shubo amatenga nawo mbali paukadaulo wapadera nayonso mphamvu yofananira… Chowonadi ndi chakuti mpunga uli ndi wowuma, ndipo shuga wachilengedwe kulibe. Chifukwa chake, kusungunuka kwachikale (kusintha shuga kukhala mowa chifukwa cha yisiti) ndikosatheka. Apa akubwera kudzapulumutsa kodi - njere ya mpunga yomwe imakhudzidwa ndi nkhungu. Ku koji kuli enzyme yapadera yomwe imalekanitsa shuga ndi wowuma, womwe umakonzedwa ndi yisiti kukhala mowa. Kutentha konse (mpunga wowuma + koji = shuga, shuga + shubo sourdough = mowa) zimachitika nthawi yomweyo.
Pambuyo pakuwotchera kawiri, chifukwa chosasunthidwa chimakanikizidwa, kusefedwa, awiri osapaka komanso okalamba. Ndipo pokhapokha atakhala ndi botolo.
Table chifukwa
Chidule chifukwa cha gulu yomangidwa pamlingo wopukuta mpunga. Mitundu yonse ingagawidwe m'magulu awiri: "futsu-syu»(Wamba, thumba la mpando) ndi«tokutey-meisyo-syu"(Mitundu yonse yamtengo wapatali).
«Futsu-xu»(Mwachizolowezi, chifukwa cha tebulo) imapangidwa kuchokera ku mpunga, womwe, mwanjira zambiri, umataya pafupifupi 10% ya misa yake yoyambirira panthawi yopera. Palibe zofunikira zopera mpunga chifukwa cha tebulo, chifukwa zimapangidwa molingana ndi njira yosavuta - kuchokera ku mitundu yosavuta ya mpunga, ndikuwonjezera "kuthira" mowa wamphamvu, shuga (shuga, ndi zina).
Kugwiritsa ntchito patebulo lapamwamba kumatha kukopa munthu wachikondi ndi chikhalidwe cha Land of the Rising Sun. Chakumwa chimatsanulidwa kuchokera mumtsuko wawung'ono wa ceramic mumakapu ang'onoang'ono, opangira ma sips awiri kapena atatu okha. Kutentha kofikira kumadalira nyengo ndi nyengo. Ma tebulo amatha kutentha pang'ono (njirayi yotumizira amatchedwa) kapena kutenthetsa mpaka 35-40% (). Amatenthedwa ndi chotengera cha ceramic chomwe chimakonzedwa mosambira madzi. Chinthu chachikulu sikuti chithupsa, chifukwa chake chifukwa chake pamapeto pake amataya kununkhira kwake.
«Tokutei-meisyo-syu"(Sake ndi dzina lokhazikitsidwa) imaphatikiza mitundu isanu ndi itatu yabwino kwambiri, yopanga yomwe imayendetsedwa ndi malamulo aku Japan.
К choyambirira (mpunga wotsala womwe umapera ndi 70%) wonani ku "honjojo-shu"(Ndi kuwonjezera kwa" kupangira "mowa wamphamvu osapitilira 10% ya kulemera kwa malo opesa) ndi"дюммай-сю"(Popanda kuwonjezera" kumwa mowa wamphamvu).
Kwa kalasi umafunika (mpunga wotsala womwe umapera ndi 60%) wonani ku "tokubetsu honjo-su"(Okonzedwa mofanana ndi honjozo-shu, koma ndikupera mosamala mpunga),"ginjo-syu"(Kutentha pang'ono pokha kutentha pang'ono, kuwonjezera kwa" kumwetsa "mowa wamphamvu - osapitilira 10%),"tokubetsu dummai-syu"(Okonzeka mofanana ndi" jummai-shu ", koma ndikupera mosamala mpunga),"dummay ginjo-xu"(Okonzeka mofanana ndi" ginjo-shu ", koma popanda kuwonjezera kwa" ferment "mowa wamphamvu).
Kwa kalasi wapamwamba umafunika (mpunga wotsala womwe umapera ndi 50%) wonani ku "daiginjo-syu"(Ndiye kuti," ginjo-shu wamkulu ", wokonzedwa mofanana ndi" ginjo-shu ", koma ndikupera bwino kwa mpunga) ndi"dummai dainginjo-syu"(Zimasiyana ndi" daiginjo-shu "posakhala zowonjezera" zopsereza "zakumwa zoledzeretsa).
Mitundu yopanda tebulo chifukwa (mwachitsanzo. zokhudzana ndi “тokutey-meisyo-syu"), Kupatula, mwina, chifukwa cha" basic premium "gulu, ku Japan ndichikhalidwe kutumizira makapu a teko (osakhala a ceramic). Ku Europe, chikhalidwe chogwiritsa ntchito magalasi a vinyo chakhazikika kwambiri. Komanso, osati patebulo sanatenthe konsekuti asataye kukoma kwake kwapadera ndi fungo labwino. Kutentha kotentha - 20-25% (kutentha kwapakati, njira, yamtundu uliwonse) kapena 10-18% (yozizira, njira, yamitundu yayikulu kwambiri).
Ndi zina za mitundu
Sake imagawidwanso malinga ndi zina. Sake, yopangidwa ndi makampani ang'onoang'ono komanso ndi umunthu wamphamvu, amatchedwa "kukopera"," Gulani "("phunzirani"). Itha kusefedwa (kuyeretsedwa, "zisanu ndi chimodzi") Ndipo osasunthika (osatsimikizika,"nigoridzake"); wosakanizidwa komanso wosasamalidwa (wamoyo, "ndi ana ake"). Zimachitikanso "nama-tyozo-syu"(Okalamba" amoyo ", osasamalidwa asanakalambe) ndi"nama-zumé-zaké"(Mabotolo" amakhala "). "Xing-xu"Ndi" wachinyamata "yemwe akugulitsidwa pasanathe chaka kuchokera pomwe amapangidwa,"syboritate"- ichi ndi" chachinyamata, "chomwe chimagulitsidwa atangokakamiza,"ko-syu"-" wakale "chifukwa, wazaka zopitilira chaka,"taruzake"(" Mbiya ") - wokalamba m'miphika yamatabwa. Sake amathanso kukhala “gen-su"(Mphamvu zachilengedwe, zosasinthidwa - 18-20% vol.),"tai-arukoru-su"(Mphamvu zochepa - 8-10% vol.),"namachodzo"(Osasunthika chifukwa chazinyalala),"kalombo»(Yopangidwa mwanjira yakale pogwiritsa ntchito yisiti yachilengedwe, osawonjezera chikhalidwe chapadera cha yisiti).
Sake ndi khitchini
Sake ndiyonse: zimayenda bwino osati ndi sashimi, sushi, maki-zushi (dzina lenileni la "rolls"), komanso ndi tchipisi, tchizi, mtedza.
Tiyenera kumvetsetsa kuti chifukwa cha tebulo osati chifukwa cha kununkhira kwapamwamba (mwachitsanzo, "honjo-shu") nthawi zonse amangopita kukhitchini mosamala.
Nthawi yomweyo, mitundu ina yowala bwino (mwachitsanzo, "daiginjo-shu", ambiri mwa "wolemba") imalowa muzokambirana ndi mbale, nthawi zina imapatsa kukoma kwa mbale, kotero upangiri waomwe angakonde pano.
Ndisanayiwale
Pamaziko a chifukwa ku Japan amatero shochu - "vodka" wamba. Amayendetsedwa osati kokha kuchokera ku mpunga, komanso kuchokera ku tirigu wina, komanso mbatata, koma gawo lofunikira la mtundu uliwonse wa shochu nthawi zonse limakhala koji - mbewu za mpunga zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi nkhungu. Shochu korui - iyi ndi "grade yoyamba" shochu, yomwe imapezeka chifukwa chobwereza distillation (mphamvuyo siyokwera kuposa 36%, nthawi zambiri 25%). Shochu Otsuru - "kalasi yachiwiri" shochu, yomwe imapangidwa ndi distillation imodzi (mphamvu - osaposa 45%).