Zinsinsi za maloto mu mafunso ndi mayankho

Malinga ndi katswiri wa maloto Michael Breus, palibe tsiku lomwe limadutsa popanda wina kulankhula naye za maloto awo. "Odwala anga, ana anga, barista amene amandipanga khofi m'mawa, aliyense ali wofunitsitsa kudziwa zomwe maloto awo amatanthauza." Chabwino, chidwi chovomerezeka. Maloto ndi chinthu chodabwitsa komanso chodabwitsa chomwe sichingamvetsetsedwe mwanjira iliyonse. Komabe, tiyeni tiyese kukweza chophimba cha chinsinsi.

1. N’chifukwa chiyani timalota?

Asayansi akhala akulimbana ndi mwambi umenewu kwa nthawi yaitali. Pali malingaliro ambiri okhudza chikhalidwe cha maloto. Akatswiri ena amakhulupirira kuti maloto alibe cholinga chenicheni ndipo zimenezi zimangochitika chifukwa cha zinthu zina zimene zimachitika mu ubongo wa munthu amene wagona. M'malo mwake, ena amati ali ndi udindo wapadera. Malinga ndi ziphunzitso zina, maloto ndi awa:

• kusungira chidziwitso ndi zowonetsa: mwa kusuntha zithunzi kuchokera ku kukumbukira kwakanthawi kochepa kupita ku kukumbukira kwanthawi yayitali, ubongo umachotsa danga kuti mudziwe zambiri za tsiku lotsatira;
• kuthandizira kukhazikika kwamalingaliro, kukonzanso malingaliro ovuta, osokoneza, osokoneza, malingaliro ndi zochitika;
• chikhalidwe chapadera cha chidziwitso chomwe chimagwirizanitsa zakale, zamakono ndi zam'tsogolo kuti tiganizirenso zochitika zakale ndi zamakono ndikukonzekeretsa munthu mayesero atsopano;
• mtundu wa maphunziro a ubongo, kukonzekera zoopsa zomwe zingatheke, zoopsa ndi zovuta za moyo weniweni;
• kuyankha kwa ubongo ku kusintha kwa biochemical ndi mphamvu zamagetsi zomwe zimachitika munthu akagona.

Zingakhale zolondola kunena kuti maloto amagwira ntchito zingapo nthawi imodzi.

2. Maloto ndi chiyani? Kodi onse amalota?

Maloto amangofotokozedwa mophweka ngati zithunzi, zowonera, zochitika ndi zomverera zomwe chikumbumtima chathu chimawulutsa. Maloto ena ali ngati mafilimu: nkhani yomveka bwino, chidwi, otchulidwa. Zina ndi zosokoneza, zodzaza ndi malingaliro komanso zowoneka bwino.

Monga lamulo, "gawo" la maloto a usiku limatenga maola awiri, ndipo panthawiyi timakhala ndi nthawi yowonera maloto atatu mpaka asanu ndi limodzi. Ambiri a iwo amatha mphindi 5-20.

Michael Breus anati: “Nthawi zambiri anthu amanena kuti salota. Mwina simungawakumbukire, koma zimenezi sizikutanthauza kuti kunalibe. Maloto ndi a aliyense. Chowonadi ndi chakuti ambiri aife timangoyiwala maloto athu ambiri. Tikangodzuka, amasowa.

3. N’cifukwa ciani anthu ena sakumbukila maloto ao?

Ena amatha kufotokozeranso maloto awo mwatsatanetsatane, pomwe ena amakhala ndi zokumbukira zosamveka bwino, kapena palibe nkomwe. Izi zili choncho chifukwa cha zifukwa zingapo. Ofufuza ena amakhulupirira kuti kukumbukira maloto kumadalira mmene ubongo umapangidwira. Mwinamwake luso lokumbukira maloto ndi chifukwa cha chitsanzo chaumwini cha maubwenzi a anthu, ndiko kuti, momwe timapangira maubwenzi ndi ena.

Chinanso ndicho kusintha kwa mahomoni usiku. Kugona kwa REM, gawo la kugona kwa REM, kuchuluka kwa cortisol, komwe kumalepheretsa kulumikizana pakati pa zigawo zaubongo zomwe zimapangitsa kukumbukira kukumbukira.

Gawo la REM limatsagana ndi maloto amphamvu kwambiri. Akuluakulu amathera pafupifupi 25% ya kugona kwawo konse motere, ndipo nthawi yayitali kwambiri ya REM imachitika usiku komanso m'mawa kwambiri.

Kuphatikiza pa gawo la REM, kuzungulira kwachilengedwe kwa kugona kumaphatikizapo magawo ena atatu, ndipo mu lililonse laiwo timatha kulota. Komabe, mu gawo la REM, azikhala owala, owoneka bwino, komanso omveka bwino.

Kodi munalepherapo kusuntha kapena kulankhula mutadzuka mwadzidzidzi? Chodabwitsa ichi chikugwirizana mwachindunji ndi maloto. Kugona kwa REM, thupi limapuwala kwakanthawi, komwe kumatchedwa REM atony. Choncho, chamoyo chogona chimatetezedwa ku kuwonongeka, chifukwa atony amatilepheretsa ife mwayi wosuntha mwakhama. Tiyerekeze kuti mukuwuluka pamiyala kapena mukuthawa chigawenga chobisa nkhope. Kodi mungaganizire momwe zingakhalire ngati mutachitapo kanthu pazomwe mudakumana nazo m'maloto? Mwachionekere, akanagwa kuchokera pakama n’kudzivulaza kwambiri.

Nthawi zina kufooka kwa tulo sikutha nthawi yomweyo. Ndizowopsa, makamaka zikachitika koyamba. Kudzuka mu chibwibwi ndi chizindikiro chakuti thupi silingathe kusinthana bwino pakati pa magawo akugona. Izi zikhoza kukhala zotsatira za kupsinjika maganizo, kusowa tulo nthawi zonse, ndi matenda ena ogona, kuphatikizapo kukomoka chifukwa cha mankhwala kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi mowa.

4. Kodi pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maloto?

Zoonadi: zochitika zathu zonse za moyo zimawonekera m'maloto. Zochitika ndi malingaliro, ndipo nthawi zina nkhani zosangalatsa kwambiri, zimalumikizana mwa iwo m'njira yosamvetsetseka. Maloto ndi osangalatsa komanso achisoni, owopsa komanso odabwitsa. Pamene tikulota zouluka, timakhala ndi chisangalalo, pamene tikuthamangitsidwa - mantha, tikalephera mayeso - kupsinjika maganizo.

Pali mitundu ingapo ya maloto: maloto obwerezabwereza, "onyowa" ndi omveka bwino (maloto owopsa ndi maloto apadera omwe amayenera kukambirana mosiyana).

Maloto obwerezabwereza yodziwika ndi zinthu zowopseza komanso zosokoneza. Akatswiri amakhulupirira kuti amasonyeza kupsyinjika kwakukulu kwa maganizo, akuluakulu ndi ana.

Maloto odetsa umatchedwanso mpweya wa usiku. Wogona amangotulutsa umuna mwangozi, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimatsagana ndi maloto odzutsa chilakolako chogonana. Nthawi zambiri, chodabwitsa ichi chimapezeka kwa anyamata pa kutha msinkhu, pamene thupi limayamba kutulutsa testosterone, zomwe zimasonyeza chitukuko chabwino.

maloto apamwamba - maloto osangalatsa kwambiri. Munthuyo akudziwa bwino lomwe kuti akulota, koma amatha kulamulira zomwe akulota. Amakhulupirira kuti chodabwitsa ichi chikugwirizana ndi kuchuluka kwa matalikidwe a mafunde aubongo ndi zochitika zodabwitsa za ma lobes akutsogolo. Dera ili laubongo limayang'anira kuzindikira, kudzimva, kulankhula, ndi kukumbukira. Kafukufuku wokhudza kulota momveka bwino sikuti amangowunikira njira yodabwitsa ya kugona, komanso amafotokoza mbali zambiri za momwe ubongo ndi chidziwitso zimagwirira ntchito.

5. Kodi ndi maloto ati amene nthawi zambiri timakhala nawo?

Anthu akhala akuyesetsa kumasulira chinsinsi cha maloto kuyambira kalekale. Kalekale, omasulira maloto ankalemekezedwa ngati anzeru kwambiri, ndipo ntchito zawo zinali zofunika kwambiri. Pafupifupi zonse zomwe zimadziwika masiku ano zokhudzana ndi maloto zimachokera ku mabuku akale a maloto ndi kufufuza kwachinsinsi. Tonse timakhala ndi maloto osiyanasiyana, koma mitu ina imakhala yofanana nthawi zonse:

• sukulu (maphunziro, mayeso),
• kufunafuna,
• zokopa,
• kugwa,
• kuchedwa
• kuwuluka,
• kuukira.

Kuonjezera apo, anthu ambiri amalota anthu akufa ngati amoyo, kapena mosiyana - ngati kuti amoyo amwalira kale.

Chifukwa cha ukadaulo wa neuroimaging, asayansi aphunzira kulowa m'maloto athu. Mwa kupenda ntchito ya ubongo, munthu akhoza kuvumbula tanthauzo lobisika la zithunzi zomwe munthu wogona amawona. Gulu la akatswiri a ku Japan linatha kumasulira tanthauzo la maloto molondola 70% kuchokera pazithunzi za MRI. Ofufuza a pa yunivesite ya Wisconsin posachedwapa atulukira kuti mbali zofanana za ubongo zimagwira ntchito tikamagona ngati tikakhala maso. Mwachitsanzo, ngati tilota kuti tikuthamanga kwinakwake, dera lomwe limayang'anira kayendetsedwe kake limatsegulidwa.

6. Kodi maloto amalumikizana bwanji ndi zenizeni?

Zochitika zenizeni zimakhudza kwambiri maloto. Nthawi zambiri, timalota anthu omwe timawadziwa. Chifukwa chake, omwe adayesererawo adadziwa mayina opitilira 48% a ngwazi zamaloto awo. Ena 35% adadziwika ndi gawo lachiyanjano kapena chikhalidwe cha ubale: bwenzi, dokotala, wapolisi. Ndi 16% yokha ya zilembo zomwe sizinadziwike, zosakwana gawo limodzi mwa magawo asanu a chiwerengero chonse.

Maloto ambiri amaberekanso zochitika za autobiographical - zithunzi za moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku. Azimayi oyembekezera nthawi zambiri amalota mimba ndi kubereka. Ogwira ntchito m'chipatala - momwe amasamalira odwala kapena odwalawo. Oimba - nyimbo ndi zisudzo.

Kafukufuku wina adawonetsa kuti m'maloto timatha kumva zomverera zomwe sizipezeka zenizeni. Anthu osasunthika kuyambira ali aang'ono nthawi zambiri amalota akuyenda, kuthamanga ndi kusambira, komanso ogontha kuyambira pomwe adabadwa - zomwe amamva.

Zowoneka tsiku lililonse sizimapangidwanso nthawi yomweyo m'maloto. Nthawi zina zochitika pamoyo zimasinthidwa kukhala maloto m'masiku ochepa, kapena ngakhale sabata imodzi. Kuchedwa kumeneku kumatchedwa "dream lag". Akatswiri ofufuza za ubale pakati pa kukumbukira ndi maloto apeza kuti mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kukumbukira imakhudza zomwe zili m'maloto. Amawonetsa kukumbukira kwakanthawi kochepa komanso kwakanthawi, apo ayi - zochitika za tsiku ndi sabata.

Maloto okhudza zochitika zamakono ndi zam'mbuyo amaonedwa kuti ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la kugwirizanitsa kukumbukira. Kuphatikiza apo, zokumbukira zomwe zidapangidwanso m'maloto sizikhala zofananira komanso zenizeni. M’malo mwake, amaoneka ngati tizidutswa tobalalika, ngati zidutswa za kalilole wosweka.

Maloto sikuti amangowonetsa moyo watsiku ndi tsiku, komanso mwayi wothana ndi zovuta komanso zochitika zosayembekezereka. Pamene tikugona, malingaliro amalingaliranso zochitika zowopsya ndipo amavomereza ndi zosapeŵeka. Chisoni, mantha, kutayika, kupatukana ngakhalenso kupweteka kwa thupi - malingaliro onse ndi zochitika zimaseweredwa kachiwiri. Kafukufuku amasonyeza kuti anthu amene amalira maliro nthawi zambiri amalankhulana nawo m’maloto. Kawirikawiri maloto oterowo amamangidwa molingana ndi chimodzi mwa zochitika zitatu. Munthu:

• amabwerera ku zakale pamene akufa akadali ndi moyo;
• amawawona okhutitsidwa ndi okondwa,
• amalandira mauthenga kuchokera kwa iwo.

Kafukufuku yemweyo adapeza kuti 60% ya anthu ofedwa amavomereza kuti malotowa amawathandiza kuthana ndi chisoni.

7. Kodi nzoona kuti maloto amapereka malingaliro anzeru?

M’maloto, chidziŵitso chadzidzidzi chingatiyenderedi, kapena maloto angatilimbikitse kukhala anzeru. Malinga ndi kafukufuku wokhudza maloto a oimba, sikuti nthawi zonse amalota nyimbo, koma nyimbo zambiri zimaimbidwa kwa nthawi yoyamba, zomwe zimasonyeza kuti n'zotheka kupanga nyimbo m'maloto. Mwa njira, Paul McCartney amanena kuti analota za nyimbo "Dzulo". Ndakatulo William Blake ndi wotsogolera Ingmar Bergman adanenanso kuti amapeza malingaliro awo abwino m'maloto awo. Golfer Jack Nicklaus anakumbukira kuti kugona kunamuthandiza kuti azitha kugwedezeka. Maloto ambiri ozindikira amagwiritsa ntchito dala maloto kuti athetse mavuto opanga.

Maloto amapereka mwayi wosatha wa kudzidziwa komanso kuteteza maganizo athu osalimba. Atha kupereka njira yotulutsira msokonezo ndikukhazika mtima pansi malingaliro akugwedezeka. Machiritso kapena achinsinsi, maloto amatilola kuyang'ana mu kuya kwa chikumbumtima ndikumvetsetsa kuti ndife ndani kwenikweni.

Ponena za Wolemba: Michael J. Breus ndi katswiri wa zamaganizo, katswiri wa maloto, ndi wolemba Always On Time: Know Your Chronotype and Live Your Biorhythm, Good Night: Njira Yamasabata XNUMX yopita Kugona Bwino ndi Thanzi Labwino, ndi zina.