Zamkatimu
Kodi umuna umapangidwa bwanji?
Opaleshoni yofewa imayamba mu machubu a seminiferous a testes, pomwe kutentha kumakhala kotsika (34 ° C). A sine qua non chifukwa chogwira ntchito moyenera chifukwa ngati ma testicles anali mkati mwa thupi lokha, kutentha kwa thupi (37 ° C) ndikokwera kwambiri kuti spermatogonia ipangidwe, maselo omwe adzasandulika umuna. Kuphatikiza apo, omaliza amasamuka panthawi yakusintha kwawo ndikupeza zigawo zatsopano pagawo lililonse. Chifukwa chake, kuchokera ku machubu a seminiferous a testes, amadutsa mu epididymis, kanjira kakang'ono kamene kamakhala pamwamba pa testis momwe amapeza flagella, kuwalola kusuntha. Pomaliza, kuyimitsidwa komaliza: ma vesicles a seminal pomwe amasakanikirana ndi madzi omwe amatuluka panthawi yotulutsa umuna. Dziwani: mwamuna akhoza kukhala ndi chonde ndi testicle imodzi yokha, ngati zimagwira ntchito bwino.
Umuna uli ndi mamiliyoni a umuna
Ce madzi opaque ndi oyera Amatulutsidwa m'mitsempha ya umuna momwe amawonjezera michere (ma amino acid, citric acid, fructose…) komanso mu prostate yomwe imatulutsa pafupifupi theka la umuna. Kumeneko, madzimadzi ameneŵa amasanganikirana ndi ubwamuna umene umafika kudzera mu vas deferens (njira yapakati pa epididymis ndi vesicle) kupanga ubwamuna, ndiko kuti, umuna umene umabala. Ndi umuna uliwonse, mwamuna amakhetsa 2 mpaka 6 ml ya umuna, womwe uli ndi pafupifupi 400 miliyoni spermatozoa.
Kodi pali nthawi zomwe zimakhala zachonde kuposa zina kwa anthu?
Spermatogenesis imayamba pakutha msinkhu ndipo imapitirira moyo wonse, tsiku lililonse, maola 24 pa tsiku. Monga akazi, palibe zozungulira. Pokhapokha ngati pali vuto lachipatala lomwe limayambitsa kusabereka, mwamuna ndiye sasowa umuna. Komabe, pambuyo pa 50, zinthu zimasintha pang'ono : umuna umakhala wocheperako komanso ndi wotsika kwambiri. Koma izi ziribe kanthu kochita ndi kubereka kwa akazi, komwe kumathera mpaka nthawi yosiya kusamba.
Spermatogenesis ndi chomwe chimayambitsa matenda kupanga umuna. Spermatogenesis imatha masiku opitilira 70 (pafupifupi miyezi iwiri ndi theka). Zimachitika mu magawo angapo. Poyamba, imayamba ndi ma cell stem cell, omwe amatchedwa spermatogonia. Izi zimachulukana ndikusandulika kukhala spermatocytes, ndiye spermatids ndipo potsiriza spermatozoa. Spermatogonia yokha imapereka umuna wapakati pa 30 ndi 50. Ndi nthawi yotsirizayi pamene kugawanika kwa selo kumachitika (meiosis), pamene selo limataya theka la ma chromosome ake. Choncho umuna umakhala ndi ma chromosome 23. Akakumana ndi oocyte, yemwenso ali ndi ma chromosome 23, amapanga dzira limodzi ndi ma chromosomes 46.
Kodi tingakwanitse kubereka kwa amuna?
Kwa amuna, palibe chifukwa cholozera masiku abwino monga momwe amachitira akazi. Mbali inayi, fodya (monga mowa) amachepetsa kwambiri chonde mwa amuna, makamaka mwa kusintha khalidwe la umuna. Kusiya kusuta kumakupatsani mwayi wopezanso chonde mukangosiya kusuta chifukwa umuna umangodzipanganso. Zakudya zokhala ndi mafuta ambiri zimachepetsa chonde! Chifukwa chake pewani zakudya zamafakitale, makeke, mbale zolemera (tchizi, mabala ozizira, nyama mu sauces) ndi kusankha mafuta abwino (monga omega 3). Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse kumathandizira thanzi labwino la umuna ndipo imakupatsani mwayi wodzaza ndi vitamini D. Nthawi zambiri, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana a moyo wathanzi ndi nthawi yogona nthawi zonse, nthawi yochepa kutsogolo kwa zowonetsera komanso kupewa kukhudzana ndi zosokoneza za endocrine.
Umuna wachikasu, wowonekera: mtundu umatanthauza chiyani?
Nthawi zambiri umuna umakhala wotuwa, koma ukhozanso kukhala wowonekera kapena wachikasu pang'ono. Umuna ukakhala wachikasu, ichi chikhoza kukhala chizindikiro cha matenda omwe angasokoneze chonde. Itha kuwonetsanso makutidwe ndi okosijeni a umuna, puloteni yomwe imapangidwa makamaka ngati kugonana sikuli kokhazikika. Pankhani ya kutchulidwa umuna mtundu, Ndi bwino kuchita a bacteriological kufufuza umuna zolembedwa ndi akatswiri azaumoyo.
Kodi umuna ndi wofooka?
Umuna umakhudzidwa ndi acidity yomwe imawasokoneza. Komabe, nyini yachikazi ndi malo ochulukirapo kapena ochepa acidic (amakhala acidic pambuyo pa ovulation). Koma panthawi yopanga, umuna umapeza chishango: madzimadzi a seminal (omwe amapanga umuna) wokongoletsedwa ndi ukoma wotsutsa acidity. Madzi amenewa amateteza umuna. Kutentha kumapangitsanso umuna kukhala pachiwopsezo chifukwa chovala zovala zothina, kusamba pafupipafupi, kusagwira ntchito m'galimoto kapena malo ogwirira ntchito.
Kodi umuna umalowa bwanji ma oocyte?
Ali ndi zida zingapo ku ngongole yake. Amapangidwa ndi zigawo zingapo zomwe zonse zimalowererapo umuna. Choyamba, mutu womwe umakhala ndi magawo awiri osiyana: acrosome, wodzazidwa ndi puloteni yomwe imatha kutulutsa chipolopolo cha oocyte, ndi phata, kunyamula katundu wa chromosomal wa selo (yomwe idzaphatikizana ndi oocyte kuti ikhale dzira). . Chidutswa chapakati chomwe chili m'munsi mwa mutu ndi nkhokwe ya zakudya zopatsa mphamvu kuti umuna ukhale ndi moyo pamene ukudikira kuti ubwamuna uime. Potsirizira pake, flagellum imamulola kuti asamuke kuti apite mofulumira momwe angathere ovum.