Nkhani ya Khabarovsk knackers, amene anatenga nyama m'misasa ndi, malinga ndi zilengezo "Ndidzawapereka iwo m'manja abwino", kenako anawapha ndi chisoni chapadera, anadabwitsa dziko lonse. Zopempha ndi zopempha kwa purezidenti ndi zofuna kuti alange olakwawo amachokera ku Ulaya. Kudula ndi kupachikidwa amphaka ndi agalu, zithunzi zomwe zinayikidwa pa intaneti - nkhanza zoterezi ndizosamvetsetseka kwa munthu wathanzi m'maganizo. Ndi chikhalidwe kuti, malinga ndi kafukufuku, nkhanza m'nkhaniyi sungangoyang'ana zinyama zokha, komanso kwa anthu. Mmodzi mwa atsikanawo adayitana m'makalata ake kuti awotche amonke akachisi, ndipo wachiwiri anali ndi chidwi ndi zaka zingati zomwe mungapeze chifukwa chopha amayi anu.
Akatswiri athu - Irina Novozhilova, Purezidenti wa VITA Animal Rights Center, Yury Koretskikh, wotsutsa wa Alliance of Animal Defenders, ndi Stalina Gurevich, loya, akunena za kufunika kofulumira kusintha malamulo, komanso zifukwa milandu yowonjezereka kwa abale athu ang’onoang’ono.
Kodi anthu ku Russia ali okonzeka kukhwimitsa Article 245 ya Code Criminal Code?
Gawo 245 la Criminal Code lokha silingathe kudziwa malamulo a dzikolo, pokhapokha chifukwa chakuti nkhaniyi sichikukhudzana ndi madera omwe ali ndi nkhanza zamtundu uliwonse (kuweta ziweto, ulimi wa ubweya, kuyesa, zosangalatsa). Russia ikufunika malamulo okhazikika pankhani yachitetezo chaufulu wa nyama, ndiye kuti, lamulo la federal lomwe lidzakhudza madera onse ogwiritsira ntchito nyama.
Nkhani yomwe ilipo ya Criminal Code, monga lamulo, imagwira ntchito kwa anzawo anyama (agalu ndi amphaka), lingaliro la nkhanza mmenemo limatanthauziridwa mochepa kwambiri.
M’mawu ake enieni: “Kuchitira nkhanza nyama, zomwe zingawaphe kapena kuvulazidwa, ngati mchitidwe umenewu wachitika chifukwa cha nkhanza, kapena chifukwa cha nkhanza, kapena mwankhanza, kapena pamaso pa ana.”
Ndiko kuti, choyamba, kutsindika ndikuti payenera kukhala kuvulala pa nyama. Koma izi sizimaganizira zochitika pamene amphaka ali ndi mipanda m'zipinda zapansi pomwe alibe madzi ndi chakudya, koma palibe zizindikiro za kuvulala pa iwo, ndipo imfa siinayambe.
Pankhaniyi, ife, monga bungwe loteteza zinyama, timatenga mawu kuchokera ku ndemanga ku nkhaniyi ndi VM Lebedev, Wapampando wa Khoti Lalikulu la Russia. kuti "ndi nkhanzanso kulanda nyama chakudya ndi madzi ...". Koma malamulo ovomerezeka a "ndemanga" si abwino - akhoza kutsatiridwa kapena sangamvetsedwe.
Kachiwiri, gulu lachigawenga, lochokera palembali, limachokera pakulimbikitsana, ndipo palibe aliyense wa sadists amene amavomereza kuti adachita chigawengacho chifukwa cha zifukwa zankhanza kapena zachisoni.
Tinali ndi zochitika "zofuna kudziwa" pamene woweta ku Schelkovo anatchinga agalu, anasindikiza pakamwa pawo ndi tepi yomatira, ndipo anafa mopweteka, chifukwa sanagulitse "chinthu" ichi pa nthawi yake. Ndinakadandaula kupolisi, koma ndinakana: palibe zolimbikitsa! Zikuoneka kuti munthu uyu analemba kufotokozera kuti amasamala za ubwino wa anansi ake - adawapulumutsa ku fungo ndikuwulukira pamasitepe!
Amphakawo atatchingidwa ndi mpanda m’chipinda chapansi pa Verkhnyaya Maslovka, pomwe anakhala kwa milungu iwiri opanda madzi ndi chakudya, ofufuzawo anafunsa ngati nyamazo zinavulala. Mfundo yakuti zamoyo zimafa imfa yowawa sinawasangalatse.
Mulungu sanalole kuti apolisi apemphedwe kuti aunike zomwe zinachitika ku Leningrad ...
Gulu lathu poyamba linali lokonzekera chilango choopsa kwambiri kwa omenya nkhondo, ndipo sizikudziwika kwa ine kuti wolemba Article 245 wa Criminal Code of the Russian Federation adatsogoleredwa ndi chiyani pamene adalongosola m'gulu la zovuta zazing'ono. Kuphatikiza apo, Purezidenti Vladimir Putin mwiniwake posachedwapa adalankhula mokomera kulimbitsa nkhaniyi. Malingaliro anga, kumasulira kwa milandu pansi pa Art. 245 m'gulu lalikulu, chilango chomwe chimapereka zaka 10 m'ndende.
Zoletsa monga "zoipa kapena zolinga zadyera, njira zachisoni, ndi kuchita upandu pamaso pa ana aang'ono" ndizolakwika, chifukwa nkhanza kwa zinyama sizingalungamitsidwe ndi chirichonse, kupatulapo mwina kudziteteza.
Ndipo mfundo yachitatu. Ndikofunikira kuchepetsa zaka zaupandu pamilandu iyi kukhala zaka 14. Iyi ndi nthawi yokwanira, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa zigawenga za ana.
Kodi panali zoyambira pomwe kunali kotheka kutsimikizira kulakwa kwa sadist m'khoti ndikukwaniritsa nthawi yeniyeni kapena chindapusa chachikulu?
Irina: Panali milandu masauzande ambiri, owerengeka okha ndi amene analangidwa. Ndikhoza kunena kuti kufufuza kumayamba pamene zochitikazo zimadziwika ndi atolankhani.
- "Ketamine" milandu. Mu 2003, gulu lamphamvu lomwe langopangidwa kumene la State Drug Control Service (FSKN) lidayamba kupondereza ma veterinarians. madokotala, kuletsa ketamine, mankhwala ochititsa dzanzi nyama, amene alibe analogues mu Russia. Panali kutsutsana kwa malamulo, ndi vet. Madokotala adapezeka kuti ali pakati pa zolemba ziwiri za Criminal Code of the Russian Federation: 245th - ngati adulidwa pa amoyo, popanda opaleshoni, ndi gawo la 228 la 4.
- "Kugulitsa mankhwala" - ngati mukuchita opaleshoni. Opaleshoni ya Chowona Zanyama idangoyima, nyama zambiri zidasiyidwa popanda thandizo. Kwa nthawi ya 2003-2004. Milandu 26 yaupandu idayambitsidwa. Mothandizidwa ndi anthu, tawonetsetsa kuti ma veterinarians omwe akukhudzidwa ndi Gawo 228 la "kugulitsa" (kuyambira zaka 7-15) sapita kundende. Pokhapo chifukwa cha kumveka bwino kwa anthu onse adapatsidwa zigamulo zoyimitsidwa.
- Kupha mwana wa mphaka, Izmailovo, 2005. Nzika yomwe inaponya nyama ya anansi ake m'nyumba ya anthu wamba pawindo inalandira chindapusa cha malipiro osachepera asanu ndi awiri.
- Mlandu wa Oleg Pykhtin, 2008. Mwiniwake wosakwanira wa galu womenyanayo adasunga bwalo lonse mwamantha ku Planernaya, 12. Winanso wa nyumbayo, Oleg, ndi weniweni Robin Hood, munthu wosauka, adamenyera nyama, adalowa. ndewu, anali ndi agalu 11 opulumutsidwa mnyumba mwake. Ndipo mwanjira ina iye anayenda ndi agalu 4, ndipo mwini galu wankhondo anakumana naye, ndipo iye anali wopanda mlomo ndi chingwe. Nkhondo itatha, Pykhtin ankawopa agalu ake. Apolisi anatsegulira Oleg mlandu osati mwiniwake. Tinasonkhanitsa ziganizo kuchokera kwa eni nyama zomwe zavulala ndikulembera ofesi ya woimira boma m'malo mwa bungwe.
Imodzi mwamilandu yapamwamba kwambiri yomwe Alliance of Animal Defenders idachita nawo nkhondo yolimbana ndi kampani yoyang'anira malo ogona BANO Eco, omwe utsogoleri wake utsogoleri udavutika ndikumwalira kwambiri m'misasa. Chifukwa cha kulimbana kwa masiku awiri kumapeto kwa mwezi wa April, tinatha kutseka malo ogona ku Veshnyaki, ndipo milandu ingapo inatsegulidwa kwa mkulu wa kampaniyo.
Kawirikawiri, nkhani za nkhanza kwa nyama m'dziko lathu zimachitika tsiku ndi tsiku. Tonse timakumbukira zomwe zinachitika ndi chimbalangondo cha polar, pamene ofufuza a ku polar adang'amba kukhosi kwake ndi chimbalangondo. M'mbuyomu, anthu ena aku Russia, chifukwa cha zosangalatsa, adathamangira chimbalangondo cha bulauni maulendo 8 mu SUV. M’nyengo yotentha kunachitika mlandu wa munthu wina amene anapha galu wapabwalo masana dzuwa litalowa. Tsiku lina, mnzanga Eldar Helper anabweretsa galu wochokera ku Ufa, yemwe adagwiriridwa ndi mwini wake kwa zaka zingapo.
Ndipo iyi ndi milandu yochititsa chidwi kwambiri, koma ndinawerenga malipoti okhudza nkhanza za nyama pafupifupi tsiku lililonse. Ndipo mukudziwa zomwe nkhani zonsezi zikufanana? Palibe ndi mmodzi yemwe wa zigawenga amene anaikidwa m’ndende! Chilango choopsa kwambiri ndi ntchito yokonza. N’chifukwa chake, m’malingaliro mwanga, nkhanza zikuchuluka m’dziko lathu.
N’chifukwa chiyani zili choncho ku Russia? Kodi izi zikunena za kunyonyotsoka kwa anthu kapena kusalangidwa kwa anthu ankhanza? Pafupifupi m’nkhani zonse, tingaone kuti anthu amene amachitira nkhanza nyama sangalekerere munthu.
Ndipo alipo. Pali ziwerengero zomwe zimaloza ku kulumikizana kwachindunji.
Ponena za kukhala m'dzikolo, ndikufuna kuzindikira kuti vuto la nkhanza ndi mapulaneti. Anthu ena amatsika pang'onopang'ono, ndipo mbali ina imakula molingana ndi kupita patsogolo kwa makhalidwe abwino. Ku Russia, polarization imadziwika kwambiri.
Mu 1990-2000, m'badwo wa nihilism unabadwa, womwe m'dziko la akatswiri amisala adalandira dzina lovomerezeka la "tin", monga katswiri wa zamaganizo Mark Sandomiersky akunena. Anthu adalowa m'kusakhulupirira - malingaliro akale adawonongedwa, mabodza ambiri adawululidwa, nkhanza zosalamulirika zomwe zidatsanulidwa kuchokera pazithunzi zabuluu popanda kuwunika kulikonse, kutsutsidwa ndi makhalidwe abwino pamapeto. Pali lingaliro la kuledzera kwa nkhanza, pamene chikhalidwe cha makhalidwe chimatsitsidwa pakati pa anthu - izi ndi zomwe katswiri wa zamaganizo Sergei Enikolopov, yemwe amagwira ntchito ndi maniacs, akunena poyankhulana ndi filimu yathu. Chotero tsopano tikupeza phindu. Choncho, milandu yochitidwa ndi achinyamata, kuphatikizapo nyama, imachitika motsindika za nkhanza zomwe sizinachitikepo.
Mpaka 2008, VITA, monga bungwe lokhalo lovomerezeka lovomerezeka laufulu wa zinyama m'dzikolo, linkalamulira zochitika zonse ndi nkhanza kwa nyama ku Russia. Mitsinje ya madandaulo ochokera m'mizinda yosiyanasiyana idabwera kwa ife kosatha, mafomu amatumizidwa pafupipafupi kumadipatimenti osiyanasiyana apolisi. Ine pandekha ndinkawadutsa iwo tsiku lililonse. Ndiyeno kufufuza kunachitika, ngakhale panali mayankho. Ndipo kuyambira 2008, ofesi ya wozenga mlandu ndi apolisi anasiya kuyankha: mumadandaula kwa akuluakulu apamwamba - ndipo khalani chete.
Ndikudziwa kuti "Vita" ili ndi milandu yambiri yayitali?
Kufufuza kwakukulu kutatu komwe kunagunda m'dziko lonselo: kufufuza pogwiritsa ntchito kamera yobisika ya zowona za kumenya nyama pamasewera "Pa Fontanka" (2012), kumangidwa ndi ogwira ntchito m'sitima yokhala ndi mkango wonyamulidwa mosaloledwa ndi ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi (2014). ), kusunga anamgumi akupha m'matangi ku VDNKh (chaka cha 2014).
Pambuyo pofufuza izi, Vita adagwidwa ndi chiwonongeko chonyansa kuchokera ku zofalitsa zachikasu, zida zonse za njira zopanda malamulo zinagwiritsidwa ntchito, kuphatikizapo zolemba "zonyoza", ma hacks a imelo, phishing, ndi zina zotero. , ndipo VITA idapezeka kuti ikuwunika kwathunthu. Choncho, zifukwa zikuchulukirachulukira nkhanza kwa nyama m'dzikoli n'zoonekeratu kwa ife. Ndipotu, ngati boma liribe lamulo lofunikira la chitetezo cha zinyama, ndiye kuti gulu lamphamvu la anthu likugwira ntchito yolamulira nkhanza, zomwe zinkafufuza kuyambira m'mawa mpaka usiku, zomwe zinakopeka ndi anthu otchuka ("nyenyezi" 200 zikugwira nawo ntchito. Mapulojekiti a VITA), otulutsidwa kuchokera ku 500 mpaka 700 ma TV pachaka, kupanga malingaliro abwino kwa nyama pagulu. Ntchitoyi ikatsekedwanso, siziyenera kudabwitsa kuti m'malo mwa oimira nyama pamayendedwe apakati masiku ano, odziwika bwino "osaka agalu" kapena ophunzitsa amakhala ngati akatswiri pachitetezo chazinyama, ndipo malo ochezera a pa Intaneti ali odzaza ndi mavidiyo ofanana ndi Khabarovsk knackers. Mwa njira, gulu la VITA pa VKontakte linatsekedwa chifukwa cha "zankhanza" - chithunzi "Momwe ubweya umakumbidwa." Palibe mawu akuti, “akavalo aledzera, anyamata amangidwa.”
Kodi kusintha maganizo ogula nyama pagulu, makamaka pakati pa ana?
M'pofunika kuyambitsa m'masukulu phunziro monga bioethics, zomwe zingaphunzitse ana kuti achoke pamalingaliro ogwiritsira ntchito nyama. Mayunivesite ali kale ndi zochitika zoterezi, koma mpaka pano, mwatsoka, mwachisawawa. Koma, ndithudi, m'pofunika kupanga chidziwitso cha makhalidwe abwino ali wamng'ono. Ndipotu, ngakhale mnzake wa Tolstoy, mlembi wa Primer woyamba ku Russia, mphunzitsi Gorbunov-Posadov, ananena kuti chifukwa cha kunyong'onyeka, kupereka ana mwayi Finyani nyama ndi mlandu woopsa. Ndipo taonani zimene zikuchitika lero. Kulikonse, m’malo onse aakulu ogulirako zinthu, malo osungiramo nyama “ogona” akutsegulidwa, akumapatsa alendo mazana ambiri tsiku lililonse kuti afinyire nyama zatsoka m’zikola! Malowa ndi oletsedwa motsata malamulo onse omwe alipo a ukhondo ndi ziweto. Ngakhale kuchokera kumalingaliro anzeru komanso zokonda za anthu, chifukwa malo odyetsera ziweto amakhala pafupi ndi dongosolo loperekera zakudya. Aphunzitsi athu, omwe adaphunzitsa maphunziro a bioethics, nawonso adadabwa. Kupatula apo, chofunikira kwambiri pamaphunzirowa ndi "zinyama si zoseweretsa", ndipo malo otchuka kwambiri osungira nyama masiku ano amatchedwa "Zinyama ngati zoseweretsa".
Pansi pansi pa malo ogulitsira, ma exotariums, oceanariums amatsegulidwa, ma penguin amoyo amakhala pamapangidwe a papier-mâché. Anthu akuyimba ndi kulira kuti cheetah abweretsedwa kumisika yawo! Tangoganizani, zamoyo zikukhala kumbuyo kwa mawonedwe a galasi, popanda kuwala kwachilengedwe, zimapuma mpweya wochita kupanga, sizingasunthike, chifukwa malowa ndi ochepa kwambiri, ndipo pali phokoso lokhazikika pozungulira, anthu ambiri. Nyama zimayamba misala pang’onopang’ono kuchokera ku mikhalidwe yosayenera yoteroyo, zimadwala ndi kufa, ndipo zimasinthidwa ndi zosangalatsa zatsopano chifukwa cha izo.
Ndikufuna kunena kuti: "Iwo ali ndi mphamvu, kodi ndinu openga kwathunthu? Mutha kuwonetseredwa makadi, monga ana azaka zakusukulu - "zamoyo" ndi "zopanda moyo."
Chaka Chatsopano chikubwera posachedwa, ndipo ndizowopsa kulingalira yemwe adzayikidwenso m'misewu kuti azisangalala!
Zikuoneka kuti kusowa kwa malamulo okhudza chitetezo cha zinyama ndikulimbikitsa zofuna za malonda a zinyama?
Inde, pali chitsimikizo cha izi. Pamene, kwa nthawi yoyamba m'mbiri ya dziko lathu, Animal Protection Bill inkaganiziridwa kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 90, mmodzi mwa olemba ake anali Tatyana Nikolaevna Pavlova, katswiri wa kayendetsedwe ka ufulu wa zinyama ku Russia, adatsutsidwa ndi abwanamkubwa a zigawo ziwiri kugwirizana ndi malonda ubweya - Murmansk ndi Arkhangelsk, Biological Faculty Moscow State University, amene ankaopa kuti adzakhala ochepa zoyeserera, ndi obereketsa agalu, amene ankaopa kuyambitsa ulamuliro pa kuswana nyama m'dziko.
Tatsala zaka 200 kumbuyo kwa mayiko otukuka: lamulo loyamba loteteza nyama linaperekedwa mu 1822 ku England. Kodi mungakoke bwanji!? Ndimakonda kunena mawu a Gandhi, yemwe adanena kuti anthu ali ndi njira ziwiri. Yoyamba ndi njira ya chilengedwe kusintha pang'onopang'ono mu chidziwitso cha anthu, ndi yaitali kwambiri. Njira yachiwiri yomwe Kumadzulo ikutsatira ndi njira yolangira malamulo. Koma Russia mpaka pano idapezeka kuti ilibe njira imodzi kapena ina.
Pali kugwirizana kwachindunji pakati pa nkhanza kwa nyama ndi anthu, monga umboni wa kafukufuku wopangidwa ku USSR kumbuyo kwa 1975. Kenako Unduna wa Zam'kati, akatswiri a zamaganizo, aphunzitsi, akatswiri amisala ndi madokotala adagwirizana kuti apange ntchito ya "Phenomenology of Cruelty". Phunzirolo linatsogoleredwa ndi Pulofesa wa Institute of Psychiatry Ksenia Semenova. Zinthu monga kuyanjana kwa mabanja, kuloŵerera kwa anthu m’mbali zosiyanasiyana zankhanza, ndi zokumana nazo zoipa zaubwana zinaphunziridwa. Mapu a nkhanza anajambulanso. Mwachitsanzo, m’chigawo cha Tver m’zaka zimenezo munali milandu yambiri yankhanza ya achinyamata, ndipo pambuyo pake zinapezeka kuti anakopeka ndi kupha ng’ombe.
Nkhaniyi inadzutsanso mafunso okhudza chiwawa chadongosolo. Makamaka chithunzi cha atsikana asukulu akuseka kalulu yemwe adadzuka pambuyo pa opaleshoni ndipo adawona kuti peritoneum yake idang'ambika idapita mozungulira nthawi zosiyanasiyana.
M'zaka zimenezo, anthu adayesa kupanga kutsutsa nkhanza, ziribe kanthu kwa ndani - nyama kapena munthu.
POMALIZA
Zifukwa zina za sadism kwa nyama ku Russia
1. Kusakhalapo kwa lamulo loyang'anira ufulu wa zinyama m'madera onse, kusalangidwa kwa zigawenga ndi sadists, malo olandirira anthu a dodhanter (kuphatikizapo zomangamanga). Chifukwa chakumapetochi ndi chophweka - ndizopindulitsa kwa akuluakulu a m'deralo kulipira ogula, "kuyeretsa" mzinda ku zinyama zosokera ndi "zodyera" zopanda malire, ndipo palibe amene amasamala za njira zophera, komanso kuti palibe nyama zosokera zochepa. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, kuwononga sikuthetsa vutoli, koma kumangowonjezera.
2. Kunyalanyaza vuto la nkhanza kwa zinyama kumbali ya mabungwe a anthu, maphunziro ndi zamaganizo.
3. Kusowa njira ndi miyambo yomwe imayendetsa ntchito za oweta (omwe amaweta agalu ndi amphaka ogulitsa). Kuswana kosalamulirika kumabweretsa kuchuluka kwa nyama zosokera, malingaliro othandiza pa zamoyo. Anthu, kuphatikizapo ana, amachitira agalu ndi amphaka ngati zoseweretsa zamafashoni. Masiku ano, ambiri ali okonzeka kulipira ndalama zonse kuti agule galu woweta bwino, ndipo ndi anthu ochepa chabe amene amaganiza za "kutengera" ng'ombe m'nyumba.
4. Kupanda chilango kotheratu kwa onse ochitira nkhanza nyama. Kuchulukirachulukira kwa milandu yomwe sanathetsedwe kumabweretsa mphwayi ya anthu. Mawonedwe miliyoni adawonetsedwa ndi kanema "Vita" ndikumenyedwa kwa nyama pamasewera. Makalata ndi mafoni anali ochulukirachulukira, aliyense anali ndi chidwi ndi mafunso ngati apanga kafukufuku, ngati ochita zoipawo alangidwe. Ndipo chiyani tsopano? Chete. Ndipo pali zitsanzo zambiri zoterozo.
5. Mkhalidwe wothandiza kwa zinyama, zomwe zimaleredwa kuyambira ubwana: kuŵeta malo osungiramo nyama, ma dolphinarium, nyama zakutchire zomwe zingathe "kulamulidwa" patchuthi. Mwanayo amatsimikiza kuti chamoyo chomwe chili mu khola chili mu dongosolo la zinthu.
6. Kusowa kwa ndondomeko yoyendetsera ntchito zomwe zingayang'anire udindo wa eni ake a ziweto zotsagana nawo (m'kati mwa lamulo la chitetezo cha zinyama). Ndikofunikira kuyambitsa kulera kwa nyama zomwe zikulimbikitsidwa ndi lamulo ngati chimodzi mwa zida zothana ndi kuchuluka kosalamulirika kwa nyama zosokera. Padziko lonse lapansi pali lever yachuma: ngati mulola ana, perekani msonkho. Mwachitsanzo, ku England, ziweto zonse zimakhala ndi microchip ndipo zimawerengedwa. Galu akatha msinkhu, mudzaitanidwa ndi akuluakulu oyenerera ndikukuuzani kuti muphe nyamayo kapena kulipira msonkho. Izi zimachitika kuti ana agalu ndi amphaka asakhale eni ake osafunikira pamsewu.
COMMENT YA LAWYER
"Maweruzo amakono ku Russia akhala okonzeka kulandira chilango chokhwima pankhani yoteteza ufulu wa zinyama, komanso dziko lathu lomwe. Kufunika kumeneku kwachedwa kale, popeza milandu imeneyi ndi yoopsa kwa anthu. Kuwonjezeka kwachiwopsezo kwa anthu amphulupuluzi pakuwononga dala munthu wamoyo. Cholinga cha chilango chilichonse ndikuletsa milandu yomwe ili pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha anthu, ndiye kuti, malinga ndi Art. 245 ya Criminal Code, milandu yokhudza anthu. Zikuwonekeratu kuti malamulo omwe alipo tsopano sakukwaniritsa zofunikira zalamulo komanso mfundo zoyendetsera milandu, chifukwa cholinga chachikulu cha khoti ndi kubwezeretsa chilungamo ndi kukonza wolakwayo.