Kupatuka kokhazikika mu Excel

Chiwerengero cha masamu ndi chimodzi mwa njira zowerengetsera zomwe zimawerengedwa kulikonse. Koma palokha ndi yosadalirika. Anthu ambiri amadziŵa mwambi wakuti munthu mmodzi amadya kabichi, wina nyama, ndipo pafupifupi onse amadya masikono a kabichi. Pachitsanzo cha malipiro apakati, ndizosavuta kufotokoza izi. Maperesenti ochepa a anthu omwe amapeza ndalama zambiri sizingakhudze kwambiri ziwerengerozo, koma amatha kuwononga kwambiri malingaliro ake, kuchulukitsa chiwerengerocho ndi makumi angapo peresenti.

Kutsika kufalikira pakati pa zikhalidwe, m'pamene mungakhulupirire kwambiri chiwerengerochi. Choncho, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti nthawi zonse muwerengere kusiyana kokhazikika pamodzi ndi tanthauzo la masamu. Lero tiwona momwe tingachitire molondola pogwiritsa ntchito Microsoft Excel.

Kupatuka kokhazikika - ndi chiyani

Kupatuka kokhazikika (kapena kokhazikika) ndiye muzu wapakati wa kusiyana. Kenako, mawu omalizawa amatanthauza kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zili zofunika. Kuti tipeze kusiyana, ndipo, chifukwa chake, chotuluka chake mu mawonekedwe a kupatuka kokhazikika, pali ndondomeko yapadera, yomwe, komabe, siili yofunika kwambiri kwa ife. Ndizovuta kwambiri m'mapangidwe ake, koma nthawi yomweyo zimatha kukhala zokha pogwiritsa ntchito Excel. Chinthu chachikulu ndicho kudziwa magawo omwe angadutse ku ntchitoyi. Kawirikawiri, powerengera kusiyana ndi kusiyana kokhazikika, zotsutsana ndizofanana.

1. Choyamba timapeza tanthauzo la masamu.
2. Pambuyo pake, mtengo uliwonse woyambirira umafananizidwa ndi pafupifupi ndipo kusiyana pakati pawo kumatsimikiziridwa.
3. Pambuyo pake, kusiyana kulikonse kumakwezedwa ku mphamvu yachiwiri, pambuyo pake zotsatira zake zikuwonjezeredwa palimodzi.
4. Pomaliza, gawo lomaliza ndikugawa mtengo wotsatira ndi kuchuluka kwazinthu zomwe zaperekedwa mu chitsanzo choperekedwa.

Popeza talandira kusiyana pakati pa mtengo umodzi ndi tanthauzo la masamu lachitsanzo chonsecho, titha kudziwa mtunda wochoka pamalo enaake pamzere wolumikizira. Kwa oyamba kumene, malingaliro onse amamveka bwino mpaka gawo lachitatu. Chifukwa chiyani kukulitsa mtengo? Chowonadi ndi chakuti nthawi zina kusiyana kungakhale kolakwika, ndipo tiyenera kupeza nambala yabwino. Ndipo, monga mukudziwa, kuchotsera kuchotsera kumapereka kuonjezera. Ndiyeno tiyenera kudziwa masamu tanthauzo la zotsatira. Kubalalitsa kuli ndi zinthu zingapo:

1. Ngati mutapeza kusiyana kuchokera pa nambala imodzi, ndiye kuti nthawi zonse imakhala ziro.
2. Ngati nambala yachisawawa ichulukitsidwa ndi A wokhazikika, ndiye kuti kusiyanako kumawonjezeka ndi gawo la A squared. Mwachidule, chokhazikika chikhoza kuchotsedwa pa chizindikiro cha kubalalitsidwa ndikukwezedwa ku mphamvu yachiwiri.
3. Ngati A wokhazikika akuwonjezedwa ku nambala yosasinthika kapena kuchotsedwapo, ndiye kuti kusiyana sikungasinthe kuchokera pa izi.
4. Ngati manambala awiri mwachisawawa, mwachitsanzo, ndi mitundu X ndi Y, sadalira wina ndi mzake, ndiye mu nkhani iyi chilinganizo ndi chomveka kwa iwo. D(X+Y) = D(X) + D(Y)
5. Ngati tisintha ku chilinganizo cham'mbuyo ndikuyesera kudziwa kusiyana kwa kusiyana pakati pa mfundozi, ndiye kuti kudzakhalanso chiwerengero cha kusiyana kumeneku.

Kupatuka kokhazikika ndi liwu la masamu lochokera ku kubalalitsidwa. Kuchipeza ndikosavuta: ingotenga mbali yayikulu ya kusiyana.

Kusiyana pakati pa kusiyanasiyana ndi kusinthika kokhazikika kumangokhala munjira yamayunitsi, titero kunena kwake. Kupatuka kokhazikika ndikosavuta kuwerenga chifukwa sikumawonetsedwa m'mabwalo a nambala, koma molunjika mumikhalidwe. M'mawu osavuta, ngati mu chiwerengero cha 1,2,3,4,5 chiwerengero cha masamu ndi 3, ndiye, molingana, kupatuka kokhazikika kudzakhala nambala 1,58. Izi zikutiuza kuti, pafupifupi, nambala imodzi imapatuka pa avareji (yomwe ndi 1,58 pachitsanzo chathu), ndi XNUMX.

Kusiyana kudzakhala nambala yofanana, yokhala ndi masikweya. Mu chitsanzo chathu, ndizocheperako pang'ono kuposa 2,5. M'malo mwake, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito kusiyanasiyana komanso kusinthika kwanthawi zonse pakuwerengera ziwerengero, mumangofunika kudziwa ndendende chizindikiro chomwe wogwiritsa ntchito akugwira nacho.

Kuwerengera Kupatuka kwa Standard mu Excel

Tili ndi mitundu iwiri yayikulu ya fomula. Yoyamba imawerengedwa pa chiwerengero cha anthu. Chachiwiri - molingana ndi wamkulu. Kuti muwerenge kusiyana koyenera kwa chiwerengero cha anthu, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito ntchitoyi Mtengo wa STDEV.V. Ngati kuli kofunikira kuchita kuwerengera kwa anthu ambiri, ndiye kuti m'pofunika kugwiritsa ntchito ntchitoyi STDEV.G.

Kusiyanitsa pakati pa chiwerengero cha anthu ndi chiwerengero cha anthu ndi chakuti nthawi yoyamba, deta imakonzedwa mwachindunji, pamaziko omwe chiwerengero cha masamu ndi kusiyana kwapakati kumawerengedwa. Ngati tikukamba za chiwerengero cha anthu, ndiye kuti ichi ndi chiwerengero chonse cha deta yokhudzana ndi zochitika zomwe zikuphunziridwa. Moyenera, chitsanzocho chiyenera kukhala choyimira kwathunthu. Ndiko kuti, phunziroli liyenera kukhudza anthu omwe angagwirizane ndi anthu ambiri mofanana. Mwachitsanzo, ngati m'dziko lokhazikika 50% ya amuna ndi 50% ya akazi, ndiye kuti chitsanzocho chiyenera kukhala chofanana.

Choncho, kusiyana koyenera kwa anthu ambiri kungakhale kosiyana pang'ono ndi chitsanzo, chifukwa chachiwiri chiwerengero choyambirira ndi chochepa. Koma kawirikawiri, ntchito zonsezi zimagwira ntchito mofanana. Tsopano tifotokoza zomwe ziyenera kuchitika kuti tiwayitane. Ndipo mukhoza kuchita m'njira zitatu.

Njira 1. Kulemba fomula pamanja

Kulowetsa pamanja ndi njira yovuta, poyang'ana koyamba. Komabe, aliyense ayenera kukhala nayo ngati akufuna kukhala katswiri wogwiritsa ntchito Excel. Ubwino wake ndikuti simuyenera kuyimbira zenera lolowera mkangano konse. Ngati muchita bwino, zidzakhala mofulumira kwambiri kuposa kugwiritsa ntchito njira zina ziwirizo. Chinthu chachikulu ndi chakuti zala zimaphunzitsidwa. Momwemo, wogwiritsa ntchito aliyense wa Excel ayenera kudziwa njira yakhungu yolembera ma fomu ndikugwira ntchito mwachangu.

1. Timadina mbewa yakumanzere pa cell momwe fomula yopezera zolakwika zokhazikika idzalembedwera. Mutha kulowanso ngati mkangano kuzinthu zina zilizonse. Pankhaniyi, muyenera dinani pamzere wolowera fomula, ndiyeno yambani kulowa mkangano pomwe zotsatira zake ziyenera kuwonetsedwa.
2. General formula ndi motere: =STDEV.Y(nambala1(cell_address1), number2(cell_address2),…). Ngati tigwiritsa ntchito njira yachiwiri, ndiye kuti zonse zimachitika chimodzimodzi, chilembo G chokha mu dzina lantchito chimasinthidwa kukhala B. Chiwerengero chachikulu cha mikangano yothandizira ndi 255.
3. Mukamaliza kuyika fomula, timatsimikizira zochita zathu. Kuti muchite izi, dinani batani lolowera.

Choncho, kuti tiwerengere kusiyana koyenera, tiyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mfundo zofanana ndi kupeza tanthauzo la masamu. Zina zonse pulogalamuyo imatha kuchita yokha. Komanso, monga mkangano, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zikhalidwe zambiri, pamaziko omwe kuwerengera kwapatuka kokhazikika kudzachitika. Tsopano tiyeni tiwone njira zina zomwe zingakhale zomveka kwa wogwiritsa ntchito novice Excel. Koma m'kupita kwa nthawi, ayenera kusiyidwa chifukwa:

1. Kulowetsa fomula pamanja kumatha kusunga nthawi yambiri. Wogwiritsa ntchito Excel yemwe amakumbukira fomula ndi kalembedwe kake amakhala ndi mwayi waukulu kuposa munthu amene angoyamba kumene ndikuyang'ana ntchito yomwe akufuna pamndandanda wa Function Wizard kapena pa riboni. Kuphatikiza apo, kulowetsa kiyibodi palokha ndikothamanga kwambiri kuposa kugwiritsa ntchito mbewa.
2. Maso osatopa kwambiri. Simuyenera kusinthasintha nthawi zonse kuchokera patebulo kupita pawindo, kenako pawindo lina, kenako ku kiyibodi, kenako kubwerera ku tebulo. Izi zimathandizanso kupulumutsa nthawi ndi khama, zomwe zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza zidziwitso zenizeni, m'malo mosunga mafomu.
3. Kulowetsa ma formula pamanja ndikosavuta kuposa kugwiritsa ntchito njira ziwiri zotsatirazi. Wogwiritsa ntchito amatha kufotokoza nthawi yomweyo maselo ofunikira amtunduwo popanda kusankha mwachindunji, kapena kuyang'ana patebulo lonse nthawi imodzi, kupewa chiopsezo choti bokosi la zokambirana lidzatsekereza.
4. Kugwiritsa ntchito ma formula pamanja ndi mtundu wa mlatho wolembera ma macros. Zachidziwikire, izi sizingakuthandizeni kuphunzira chilankhulo cha VBA, koma zimapanga zizolowezi zoyenera. Ngati munthu wazolowereka kupereka malamulo ku kompyuta pogwiritsa ntchito kiyibodi, zimakhala zosavuta kuti adziwe chinenero china chilichonse cha mapulogalamu, kuphatikizapo kupanga macros a spreadsheets.

Koma ndithudi inde. Kugwiritsa ntchito njira zina ndibwino kwambiri ngati mwangoyamba kumene. Choncho, tikutembenukira ku kulingalira kwa njira zina zowerengera kupatuka koyenera.

Njira 2. Tabu ya Mafomu

Njira ina yomwe ikupezeka kwa wogwiritsa ntchito yemwe akufuna kuti apatukane pagulu ndikugwiritsa ntchito tabu ya "Mafomula" pamindandanda yayikulu. Tiyeni tifotokoze mwatsatanetsatane zomwe ziyenera kuchitidwa pa izi:

1. Sankhani selo lomwe tikufuna kulemba zotsatira.
2. Pambuyo pake, timapeza tabu "Mapangidwe" pa riboni ndikupita kwa izo.
3. Tiyeni tigwiritse ntchito chipika "Library of function". Pali batani la "More Features". Pamndandanda womwe udzakhale, tipeza chinthucho "Statistical". Pambuyo pake, timasankha mtundu wa fomu yomwe tidzagwiritse ntchito.
4. Pambuyo pake, zenera lolowera mikangano limawonekera. Mmenemo, timasonyeza manambala onse, maulalo a maselo kapena mizere yomwe itenga nawo gawo pakuwerengera. Tikamaliza, dinani "Chabwino" batani.

Ubwino wa njirayi:

1. Liwiro. Njirayi ndiyofulumira kwambiri ndipo imakulolani kuti mulowetse chilinganizo chomwe mukufuna ndikudina pang'ono.
2. Kulondola. Palibe chiopsezo cholemba mwangozi selo yolakwika kapena kulemba kalata yolakwika ndikutaya nthawi kukonzanso.

Titha kunena kuti iyi ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yachiwiri pambuyo polemba pamanja. KOMA njira yachitatu imathandizanso nthawi zina.

Njira 3: Wizard Yogwira Ntchito

Function Wizard ndi njira ina yabwino yolembera mafomu kwa oyamba kumene omwe sanalowerepo mayina ndi ma syntax a ntchito. Batani loyambitsa Function Wizard lili pafupi ndi mzere wolowetsa fomula. Ubwino wake waukulu kwa woyambitsa motsutsana ndi maziko a njira zam'mbuyomu zagona pamalingaliro atsatanetsatane apulogalamu, ntchito yomwe ili ndi udindo pa zomwe ndi mfundo ziti zomwe zingalowe mu dongosolo lotani. Ndi zilembo ziwiri - fx. Timadina pa izo.

Pambuyo pake, mndandanda wa ntchito udzawonekera. Mutha kuyesa kuti mupeze mndandanda wa zilembo zonse, kapena mutsegule gulu la "Statistical", komwe mungapezenso wogwiritsa ntchitoyo.

Tikhoza kuona mu mndandanda kuti ntchito Mtengo wa STDEV akadalipo. Izi zimachitika kuti mafayilo akale azigwirizana ndi mtundu watsopano wa Excel. Komabe, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mugwiritse ntchito zatsopano zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa, chifukwa panthawi ina mbali yomwe yachotsedwayi singakhalenso yothandizidwa.

Tikadina Chabwino, tidzakhala ndi mwayi wotsegula zenera la mikangano. Mtsutso uliwonse ndi nambala imodzi, adilesi pa selo (ngati ili ndi nambala), kapena milingo yomwe idzagwiritsidwe ntchito pa tanthauzo la masamu ndi kupatuka kokhazikika. Pambuyo poyambitsa zosintha zonse, dinani batani "Chabwino". Deta idzalowetsedwa mu selo lomwe tidalowamo fomula.

Kutsiliza

Chifukwa chake, sikovuta kuwerengera kupatuka kokhazikika pogwiritsa ntchito Excel. Ndipo ntchitoyo yokha ndiyo maziko a mawerengedwe a ziwerengero, zomwe zimakhala zomveka. Kupatula apo, ndizodziwikiratu kuti sikuti mtengo wokhawokha womwe ndi wofunikira, komanso kufalikira kwa zikhalidwe zomwe tanthauzo la masamu limachokera. Ndipotu, ngati theka la anthu ali olemera ndipo theka ali osauka, ndiye kuti sipadzakhala anthu apakati. Koma nthawi yomweyo, ngati tipeza tanthauzo la masamu, zimakhala kuti nzika wamba ndi woimira gulu lapakati. Koma zikumveka, osachepera, zachilendo. Zonsezi, zabwino zonse ndi mbali iyi.