Phunzirani kuti mugwire nsomba zam'madzi

Catfish ndiye chilombo chachikulu chamadzi am'madzi am'madzi aku Russia, omwe osati oyamba okha, komanso odziwa bwino nsomba omwe amalota kugwira. Zida zosonkhanitsidwa bwino zogwirira nsomba zam'madzi, komanso kudziwa bwino zamakhalidwe a nsombayi, zimalola wowotchera kukhala mwiniwake wa chikhomo choyenera.

Kufotokozera ndi khalidwe

M'madziwe akuluakulu okhala ndi chakudya chabwino, nsomba zam'madzi zimatha kukula mpaka 3 m kutalika ndikulemera kuposa 200 kg. Ndikosavuta kusiyanitsa ndi nsomba zina m'njira zingapo:

• kusowa kwathunthu kwa mamba;
• kukhalapo kwa masharubu aatali;
• mutu waukulu wosalala;
• maso ang'onoang'ono, apamwamba;
• mkamwa waukulu.

Mtundu wa chilombo cha mustachioed umadalira mtundu wa nthaka pansi pa malo ake komanso zaka za nsomba. Mtunduwu nthawi zambiri umakhala ndi ma toni akuda, koma nthawi zina pamakhala nsomba za albino.

Mosiyana ndi nsomba zina zambiri za m’madzi opanda mchere, nsomba zam’madzi zimakonda kukhala moyo wongokhala ndipo zimatha kukhala m’dzenje limodzi moyo wake wonse, n’kusiya pothaŵirapo panthaŵi yodyetsedwa yokha. Masoka achilengedwe osiyanasiyana, omwe amatsogolera ku dziwe lakuthwa kwambiri kapena kusokonekera kwa chakudya chake, amatha kukakamiza "mandevu" kusiya malo omwe amakhala. Nsomba zolusazi zimapezeka m'madziwe amitundu yosiyanasiyana:

• mitsinje yapakati ndi ikuluikulu;
• nyanja zakuya;
• nkhokwe.

Kuti mukhale okhazikika, nsomba zam'madzi zimasankha malo ozama kuchokera pa 8 mpaka 16 m. "Mandevu" amadya mumdima komanso masana, koma amakhala otanganidwa kwambiri usiku. Zakudya zake zikuphatikizapo:

• nsomba;
• nkhono;
• nsomba zazinkhanira;
• amphibians;
• nyongolotsi.

Anthu akuluakulu ali ndi malo awoawo osaka nyama pankhokwe ndipo salola achibale ena kumeneko. Mphaka wamkulu akhoza kupanga magulu m'nyengo yozizira m'dera la maenje achisanu.

Malo ndi nthawi yopha nsomba

Zotsatira za usodzi wa catfish zimadalira kwambiri chidziwitso cha malo omwe ali pa dziwe limene nyama yolusa imapita kukadyera. Malo omwe akuyembekeza kwambiri kugwira nsomba za catfish ndi:

• kutuluka m'maenje;
• m'mphepete mwa njira;
• madzi osefukira snag;
• maiwe a m'mphepete mwa nyanja;
• nyanja zakuya.

M'madamu osasunthika, muyenera kuyang'ana malo omwe ali ndi kusintha kwakuthwa mwakuya. Mukawedza pamtsinje, ndikofunikira kulabadira malo omwe ali ndi reverse flow, komanso malo ozama. Kuzama kumene nsomba zam'madzi zimakonda kudyetsedwa zimatha kusiyana malinga ndi nthawi ya chaka.

M'chaka, nsomba zazing'ono, zomwe zimabwerera mwamsanga pambuyo pa hibernation, zimakhala zogwidwa ndi msodzi nthawi zambiri. Zitsanzo zazikulu zimayamba kugwira zida zophera nsomba pakatha masabata 1-2 mutabzala, zomwe zimachitika kumapeto kwa June - koyambirira kwa Julayi.

Kuyambira Julayi mpaka Okutobala ndi nthawi yabwino kwambiri yogwira nsomba zam'madzi. Panthawi imeneyi, chilombo cha mustachioed chimagwidwa nthawi zonse ndi zida zosiyanasiyana. Madzi akamazizira, nsomba zam'madzi zimakhala zochepa kwambiri, zimayamba kulowa m'maenje a nyengo yozizira, koma zimapitirizabe kuyankha kunyambo zachilengedwe ndi nyambo zopangira zoperekedwa kwa izo. Kutentha kwamadzi kutsika pansi pa madigiri 8, "mandevu" amasiya kujowina ndikugwera mu hibernation mpaka kumayambiriro kwa masika.

Mbalamezi zimanyinyirika kulanda nyambo masana kotentha. Nkosavuta kuigwira m’bandakucha, pamene kutentha kwacheperachepera ndipo nsomba zamtendere zimatuluka m’malo awo okhala masana. Usodzi wausiku umaonedwa kuti ndiwopindulitsa kwambiri, pomwe wosodza amakhala ndi mwayi wopha chilombo chachikulu.

Zida zomwe zidzafunikire

Mu usodzi wa nsomba zam'madzi, pali zofunikira zowonjezera kuti zigwire, zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kukula kwakukulu kwa nyama zomwe zimatha kugwidwa. Kukonzekera kokonzekera bwino kudzakulolani kuti muponye mosavuta zipangizo kumalo osodza ndikuonetsetsa kuti nsomba zodalirika zimakoka.

Abulu am'mphepete mwa nyanja

Bulu wachikale ndiye njira yodziwika bwino yophatikizira chilombo cha mustachioed. Chida ichi chogwirira nsomba zam'madzi chimakhala ndi zinthu zingapo:

• chokhazikika fiberglass kupota;
• zozungulira zamtundu uliwonse;
• chingwe chausodzi cha monofilament chokhala ndi mainchesi 0,6-0,8 mm;
• katundu wathyathyathya ndi diso lolemera 40-200 gr.;
• mkanda wa silikoni kuti muteteze kuwonongeka kwa mfundo ndi siker;
• nsomba ya carabiner yokhala ndi swivel yomwe imatha kupirira katundu wochepera 50 kg;
• chingwe chopangidwa ndi fluorocarbon 1 m kutalika ndi 0,7 mm m'mimba mwake;
• mbedza No. 1,0–8,0 (malinga ndi magulu apadziko lonse).

Ndodo ya fiberglass ili ndi malire akuluakulu achitetezo, zomwe zimapangitsa kumenyana ndi zitsanzo zazikulu. Chingwe cha inertial kapena inertial choyikidwa pa ndodo yopota chimakupatsani mwayi woponya nyambo patali ndikuthandizira wowotchera posewera. Kuluma kwa nsomba zam'madzi kumatha kukhala akuthwa kwambiri, kotero kuti mugwire, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito ma reels okhala ndi baitrunner system, omwe sangalole kuti nsomba zikoke m'madzi. Ngati palibe dongosolo loterolo mu reel, ndiye kuti muyenera kumasula phokoso lophwanyidwa, zomwe zidzatsimikizira kuti chingwe cha nsomba chimachokera ku spool popanda cholepheretsa. Ndondomeko ya msonkhano wa zida zapansi ndi izi:

1. Mzere waukulu umadutsa m'diso la siker yotsogolera.
2. Choyimitsa mkanda wa silikoni chimayikidwa pamzere waukulu wa usodzi.
3. Chozungulira chokhala ndi carabiner chimamangiriridwa kumapeto kwa monofilament.
4. Nsalu ya fluorocarbon yokhala ndi mbedza yomwe imamangiriridwa ku carabiner.

Zipangizo zophera nsomba mwachangu pa kwok

Usodzi wa Kwok umakhalanso wothandiza kwambiri ndipo umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri osati ku Russia kokha, komanso padziko lonse lapansi. Khok yokhayo imapangidwa ndi chitsulo kapena matabwa olimba. Zida zotere zogwirira nsomba za catfish zimadziwika kuti ndizosavuta kusonkhana ndipo zimaphatikizapo zinthu izi:

• matabwa a matabwa pafupifupi 40 cm;
• chingwe cha nayiloni 1,5-2 mm wandiweyani;
• "azitona" wozama wolemera 40-60 g;
• mbedza yaikulu katatu.

Chingwe cha nayiloni chimadutsa pa dzenje la "maolivi" omira, kenaka amamangirira mbedza zitatu kumapeto kwake. "Maolivi" ozama amasuntha 1 mita pamwamba pa mbedza ndikuyimitsidwa ndi cholemetsa chaching'ono chomangika pa chingwe. Posodza kok, leashes nthawi zambiri sagwiritsidwa ntchito. Osachepera 20 m chingwe ayenera kuvulazidwa pa reel.

Zida zopha nsomba usiku pa chodyetsa

Zida zodyetsera nsomba zam'madzi zimatengedwa ngati zamasewera ndipo zimakuthandizani kuti mupindule kwambiri posewera nsomba. Seti ya feeder catfish tackle imaphatikizapo:

• ndodo yamphamvu ya feeder yokhala ndi mayeso osiyanasiyana a 100-150 gr.;
• chozungulira chozungulira ndi kukula kwa baitrunner 4500-5500;
• chingwe choluka ndi m'mimba mwake 0,16 mm;
• chakudya chodyera cholemera 50-150 gr.;
• mtsogoleri wodabwitsa wopangidwa ndi chingwe cha nsomba za fluorocarbon ndi gawo la 0,4 mm ndi kutalika kwa 8-12 m;
• silicone bead-stopper;
• fluorocarbon leash 0,3-0,35 mm wandiweyani, pafupifupi 1 m kutalika;
• kuzungulira ndi carabiner;
• mbedza imodzi No. 1,0-3,0.

Muusodzi wa nsomba zam'madzi, zida zolowera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, zomwe zimalukidwa molingana ndi mfundo yofananira pansi, m'malo mwa sinki yathyathyathya, chodyera chimayikidwa pazitsulo. Monga chida cholozera kulumidwa, chiphaniphani chopha nsomba chimagwiritsidwa ntchito, choyikidwa pansonga ya chodyetsa ndikukulolani kuti muwone kuluma mumdima.

Zida zogwirira nsomba zam'madzi m'bwato

Mbalame zimatha kugwidwa bwino m'boti pogwiritsa ntchito trolling. Trolling gear imakupatsani mwayi wogwira mwachangu malo akulu osungiramo madzi ndikuphatikiza:

• kuponya ndodo ndi mtanda mpaka 100 gr.;
• koyilo yowonjezera mphamvu;
• chingwe choluka 0,16-0,18 mm wandiweyani;
• fluorocarbon leash ndi awiri a 0,3 mm;
• wobbler ndi kuya kwa 6-12 m.

"Kuluka" kumamangiriridwa mwachindunji ku leash mothandizidwa ndi mfundo yomwe ikubwera, yomwe imapereka zida zowonjezera mphamvu. Musagwiritse ntchito chingwe chamtundu wa monofilament pamene mukupondaponda, chifukwa monofilament yotereyi sangalole kuti wobbler apite mozama mpaka kuya kwake. Komanso, monofilament wandiweyani adzasokoneza sewero la nyambo.

Zida zopha nsomba kuchokera kugombe

Chida chosavuta chopha nsomba kuchokera kumphepete mwa nyanja ndi chidutswa cha chingwe chakuda cha nsomba kapena chingwe choluka ndi mbedza yomangidwa kumapeto. Kulemera kwake kumakhazikitsidwa 50 cm pamwamba pa mbedza. Mapeto aulere a monofilament amamangiriridwa ku nyanga yayitali yotanuka, kudula pansi pamphepete mwa nyanja ndikukhazikika pansi.

Nsalu yotchinga imakokedwa ndi nyambo yamoyo kapena chule ndikuponyedwa m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Zida zoterezi sizifuna kuyang'anitsitsa nthawi zonse. Ng'ombe imatha kuyang'ana zida zosavuta za m'mphepete mwa nyanja 2-3 pa tsiku. Nsomba yoluma nthawi zambiri imakodwa yokha. Msodzi amatha kukonza zida zingapo nthawi imodzi, zomwe zimawonjezera mwayi wake wopambana.

Njira Yogwirira Nsomba

Njira yogwirira nsomba zam'madzi mwachindunji imadalira mtundu wa zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Masana, zotsatira zabwino zimasonyezedwa ndi njira zophatikizira nsomba, zomwe zimaphatikizapo kupondaponda ndi kusodza ndi kwok. Usiku ndikosavuta kugwira pamunsi mwachikale kapena chowongolera.

Masana

Pakusodza nsomba zam'madzi masana, msodzi amafunikira chombo chodalirika chamadzi chomwe atha kupita nacho kumalo oimikapo magalimoto a adani. Ngati msodziyo azigwira popondaponda, ndiye kuti ayenera kusankhatu malo amene azidzapha nsomba. Malo osankhidwa ayenera kukhala ndi mpumulo wovuta wa pansi womwe uli woyenera kwambiri kukhalamo nsomba zam'madzi. Atayenda panyanja kupita kumalo omwe adafuna, wowotcherayo amaponya chowotchera pamtunda wa 50-70 metres kuchokera m'ngalawamo ndikuyamba kupalasa pang'onopang'ono motsutsana ndi pano.

Chinthu chachikulu pakusodza kwa trolling ndikusankha liwiro loyenera la bwato ndikusankha mtundu woyenera wa wobbler. Mutha kudalira kuluma kwa nsomba za mphaka ngati wobbler sapita pamwamba pa 40 cm kuchokera pansi.

Popha nsomba pa kok, mudzafunikanso kusankha malo omwe muli maenje kapena mphuno yamadzi. Atayenda panyanja kupita kumalo ena, msodziyo amatsitsa chingwecho mpaka kuya kwa 3-5 m ndikuyamba kuwedza. Pokopeka ndi phokoso la chimphepo, kansomba kaja kakukwera pamwamba n’kuona nyambo ikuikidwa pa mbedza m’mphepete mwa madzi. Mukaluma, musathamangire kukamenya, muyenera kulola nsomba kumeza mphuno mozama.

Usiku

Usiku, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito zida zapansi kapena zodyetsa. Kuwedza abulu ndikosavuta ndipo kumakhala ndi mfundo yoti msodzi amaponya zingwe zingapo nthawi imodzi m'malo odalirika ndikuziwongolera poyembekezera kulumidwa. Nthawi ndi nthawi, wowotcherayo ayenera kuyang'ana momwe nyamboyo ilili pa mbedza ndipo, ngati kuli kofunikira, akonzenso nyamboyo. Kuluma kwa nsomba zam'madzi pansi kumawoneka ngati kukoka kwakuthwa kwa chingwe cha usodzi, kenako mbedza iyenera kutsatira.

Kusodza kwa nsomba zam'madzi kumakhala kovuta kwambiri, koma nthawi yomweyo kumakhala kothandiza kwambiri, chifukwa chowotcha nsomba nthawi zonse chimakopa nsomba ndi nyambo yosakanikirana ndi nyambo. Chinthu chachikulu pakusodza kwa feeder ndikumenya wodyetsa nthawi zonse pamalo omwewo, zomwe sizosavuta kuchita mumdima wathunthu. Chifukwa chokopeka ndi fungo la nyambo, kansombayo imafika pamalo ophera nsomba ndipo imakopeka ndi nyambo imene wapatsidwa. Ngati m'dera lakusodza mulibe nsonga zazikulu, pomwe nsomba zimatha kupita kukasewera, ndiye kuti musachulukitse zidazo ndikuyesa kukokera nsomba kumtunda posachedwa.

Nyambo ndi kudya nyama yolusa

Usodzi wamakono umapanga nyambo zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimayang'ana kwambiri kugwira nsomba zam'madzi. Chigawo chachikulu cha nyambo zotere ndi nsomba, zoviikidwa mu mafuta a nsomba ndi amino acid. Mbalameyi imayankhidwa bwino ndi nyambo zotere ndipo imayandikira pafupi ndi malo osodza. Monga zigawo za nyama, mphutsi zodulidwa kapena nyama yodulidwa ya bivalve mollusks ikhoza kuwonjezeredwa ku nyambo.

Kusankhidwa kwa nyambo kumakhudza ubwino wa nsomba zam'madzi ndi zotsatira zomaliza za nsomba zonse. Kuyesera kosalekeza ndi nyambo kumapangitsa wowotchera kuwerengera kuti agwire bwino.

Kugwiritsa ntchito nyambo

Monga nyambo yamoyo, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito nsomba za carp. Roach yolemera magalamu 100-300 ndi yoyenera kupha nsomba pansi. Mukawedza kok, zokonda ziyenera kuperekedwa kwa asp kapena sabrefish. Nyambo yamoyo imachita bwino ngati itabzalidwa pansi pa zipsepse zakumtunda. Nyambo yamoyo imatengedwa ngati nyambo yabwino kwambiri yochitira nsomba zam'madzi.

Chiwindi cha nkhuku

Chiwindi cha nkhuku chokonzekera bwino chimatha kuluma ngakhale nyama yolusa. Chinsinsi cha kugwidwa kwa nyamboyi chagona mu fungo lake lapadera, lomwe limapezeka nkhuku giblets itagona padzuwa kwa maola angapo.

Pa chule kapena khansa

Rak iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati nyambo popha nsomba pansi pamadzi. Nyamakazi imeneyi ndi chakudya chofala cha nsomba zam'madzi, makamaka panthawi ya molting. Pa mbedza, mutha kuyika nkhanu zonse ndi khosi la nkhanu.

Chule ndi nyambo yosunthika yomwe imagwira ntchito bwino m'chilimwe chonse. Ndikwabwino kugwiritsa ntchito amphibian awa popha nsomba m'madzi am'mphepete mwa nyanja komanso kumadzi akumbuyo. Chule amaikidwa pa mbedza ndi mlomo wapamwamba.

Kusamala popha nsomba zazikulu

Nsomba yaikulu yogwidwa pa mbedza, ngati itagwiridwa mosayenera, ikhoza kuvulaza kwambiri msodziyo. Kuti mupewe zinthu zosasangalatsa komanso kukhala ndi thanzi labwino, muyenera kudziwa malamulo angapo oteteza nsomba:

• musamayendetse chingwe chophera nsomba kapena chingwe kuzungulira dzanja lanu, chifukwa mukaluma nsomba yayikulu, chilichonse chikhoza kutha ndikudula kwambiri mwendo kapena kufa kwa wopha nsomba;
• nsomba yaikulu yomwe imatengedwa pansi pa nsagwada za m'munsi imatha kusokoneza dzanja la msodzi mosavuta, choncho nsombayo iyenera kuyamba kudabwa ndi chibonga, kenako imakokera m'ngalawamo.
• Nsomba zolemera makilogalamu 70 ziyenera kukokedwa kumtunda popanda kuzichotsa m'madzi, chifukwa zili ndi mphamvu zambiri, ndipo zikakokera m'ngalawa zimatha kuvulaza kwambiri msodzi.

Kutsatira malamulo osavutawa kudzateteza kuvulala komwe kungachitike. Ndi bwino kupita kukapha nsomba zazikuluzikulu pamodzi ndi bwenzi lodalirika.

Malangizo ochokera kwa asodzi odziwa zambiri kuti muwonjezere nsomba zanu

Asodzi odziwa bwino nthawi zonse amatha kupereka upangiri wothandiza kwa mnzawo watsopano. Mukamagwira catfish, muyenera kutsatira malangizo awa:

• msodzi ayenera nthawi zonse kunyamula mitundu ingapo ya nozzles;
• powedza, muyenera kuyang'anira nthawi zonse ubwino wa nyambo pa mbedza;
• kudziwa bwino mpumulo wapansi wa posungira kudzakuthandizani kuwerengera nsomba zolemera;
• nyamboyo iyenera kukhala ndi zigawo zofanana za nyama zomwe zimamangiriridwa ku mbedza;
• musanayambe kusodza nsomba zam'madzi, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana mosamala zida zamphamvu za mfundo ndi kulumikizana kwina.

Zida zosonkhanitsidwa bwino zogwirira nsomba zam'madzi zimakupatsani mwayi wothana ndi zikho zolemera ma kilogalamu angapo ndipo zimapatsa wowotchera chisangalalo chenicheni polimbana ndi nsomba zazikulu.