Zamkatimu
- Mitundu 10 yapamwamba ya kirimu wowawasa malinga ndi KP
- Momwe mungasankhire kirimu wowawasa woyenera
- Mafunso ndi mayankho otchuka
Zakudya zachikhalidwe za Asilavo zakhala zikudziwika kuyambira nthawi ya Kievan Rus. Panthawiyo, kuti apeze kirimu wowawasa, mkaka wowawasa unkatetezedwa, pambuyo pake chotupitsa chapamwamba cha kirimu chinachotsedwa (kapena "kusesedwa") kuchokera pamenepo - choncho dzina la mankhwala odziwika bwino. Mpaka kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la XNUMX, kirimu wowawasa ankadziwika ndi anthu okhala kum'mawa kwa Europe okha. Ndipo mafunde oyambirira okha a anthu othawa kwawo adayambitsa mayiko a Kumadzulo kuzinthu zomwe alendo adakondana nazo mwamsanga.
Masiku ano timagwiritsa ntchito kirimu wowawasa kuphika, cosmetology komanso ngati mankhwala owerengeka. Mankhwalawa ali ndi mavitamini ambiri, ma micro and macroelements, calcium, magnesium, phosphorous, beta-carotene ndi folic acid. Kuphatikiza apo, kirimu wowawasa ali ndi zinc, ayodini, selenium ndi lecithin, zomwe zimalepheretsa kuyika kwa cholesterol yoyipa pamakoma a mitsempha yamagazi. The mankhwala normalizes kagayidwe, bwino chimbudzi ndi kubwezeretsa bwino madzi a thupi. Pamodzi ndi katswiri, tikuwona kuti ndi kirimu wowawasa ati omwe ayenera kukondedwa mu 2022 kuti apindule kwambiri ndi thupi.
Mitundu 10 yapamwamba ya kirimu wowawasa malinga ndi KP
1. Brest-Litovsk (20%)
Kirimu wowawasa "Brest-Litovsk" amapangidwa ku Republic of Belarus. Mankhwalawa alibe zotetezera ndi mafuta a masamba. Maphunziro a labotale atsimikizira kusakhalapo kwa maantibayotiki komanso zodetsa zoyipa zomwe zikuphatikizidwa. Kirimu wowawasa amadziwika kuti ndi apamwamba kwambiri komanso otetezeka. Alumali moyo - 1 mwezi.
Roskachestvo amayesa malonda kuti akhale asanu olimba. Ogula amaperekanso chiwerengero chapamwamba ndikuzindikira kukoma kofatsa ndi kutsekemera pang'ono, mawonekedwe a viscous ndi yunifolomu. Kirimu wowawasa "Brest-Litovsk" amapezeka m'masitolo ambiri ndi m'misika, nthawi zambiri mumatha kugula pamtengo wotsika.
Ubwino ndi zoyipa
2. Rostagroexport (20%)
Rostagroexport kirimu wowawasa amapangidwa kuchokera ku mkaka wapamwamba kwambiri wa pasteurized m'chigawo cha Moscow. Zizindikiro za Microbiological zili mkati mwanthawi zonse, maantibayotiki, mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi zitsulo zolemera sizipezeka. kirimu wowawasa ali homogeneous wandiweyani kusasinthasintha, yunifolomu woyera mtundu, glossy pamwamba ndi koyera wowawasa-mkaka fungo popanda zonyansa zakunja. Tsiku lotha ntchito - masabata a 3.
Rostagroexport imapangidwa motsatira GOST (1) ndipo ndiyopambana pa Control Purchase mu 2018. Zogulitsazo zapatsidwa Quality Mark. Ogula amavotera chinthucho pa avareji pa 4,9 points pa 5 zotheka ndikuzindikira kukoma kofewa, makulidwe ndi kuwawa kosangalatsa.
Ubwino ndi zoyipa
3. B.Yu.Aleksandrov (20%)
Kirimu wowawasa "B.Yu. Alexandrov" ali ndi katundu wabwino kwambiri wa organoleptic, kusinthasintha kwake ndi kolimba komanso kofanana, popanda zotupa. Mankhwalawa amapangidwa kuchokera ku mkaka wabwino, wopanda mankhwala ophera tizilombo, maantibayotiki ndi mafuta osakhala amkaka. Mtengo wa zakudya ndi kulemera kwake kwa mankhwalawa zimagwirizana ndi zomwe zalembedwa pa phukusi. Kirimu wowawasa amapangidwa molingana ndi GOST (1), ndipo Roskontrol amapereka chiwongolero chapamwamba pazizindikiro zonse. Alumali moyo wa mankhwala ndi 3 milungu.
Zoyipa zake zimaphatikizapo kukwera mtengo. Kuphatikiza apo, mtundu uwu siwosavuta kupeza pamashelefu ogulitsa.
Ubwino ndi zoyipa
4. VkusVill (20%)
Musanayambe kuwunika kirimu wowawasa pansi pa chizindikiro cha VkusVill, ziyenera kunenedwa kuti zogulitsa zawo zimapangidwa ndi ogulitsa osiyanasiyana. Pachifukwa ichi, kukoma kogula kugula kungakhale kosiyana kwambiri. Ogula makamaka amawunikira kirimu wowawasa kuchokera kwa opanga otsatirawa: NIKON LLC, Lebedyanmoloko LLC, Bryansk Dairy Plant OJSC.
Malingana ndi kafukufuku wa Roskontrol, kirimu wowawasa wa VkusVill amakwaniritsa zofunikira za microbiological ndi physico-chemical parameters, ilibe mafuta owuma ndi osakhala mkaka. Kuphatikiza apo, mtundu womwewo umanena kuti zinthu zonse zimapatsidwa chiphaso chovomerezeka m'ma laboratories awo, pomwe zizindikiro za organoleptic, microbiological ndi thupi ndiukadaulo zimawunikidwanso. Ndipo asanamalize mgwirizano ndi wogulitsa, sitoloyo imapempha zikalata zonse zofunika zotsimikizira ubwino wa mankhwalawo. Chifukwa cha kulamulira mosamala koteroko, pali zifukwa zomveka zokhulupirira kuti katundu wapamwamba kwambiri adzakhala pa mashelufu.
Kirimu wowawasa "VkusVill" - imodzi yokha ya mlingo wonse - imasungidwa kwa masiku osapitirira 7. Ilibe chilichonse chowonjezera mu kapangidwe kake, koyenera kuphika komanso kuphika maphunziro achiwiri. Ogula amaona kuti mankhwalawa ndi apamwamba kwambiri.
Mwa minuses - kulembedwa kwa zakudya zopatsa thanzi sikunali kodalirika kotheratu.
Ubwino ndi zoyipa
5. Bezhin Meadow (20%)
Kirimu wowawasa "Bezhin Lug" amapangidwa ku Tula mogwirizana ndi zofunikira zonse zachitetezo. Lilibe zitsulo zolemera, yisiti, nkhungu kapena zotetezera. Mankhwalawa amapangidwa kuchokera ku zipangizo zapamwamba kwambiri malinga ndi GOST (1) popanda kuwonjezera maantibayotiki ndi mafuta a masamba. Mtengo wazakudya umagwirizana ndi zomwe zalembedwa.
Bezhin Lug anapatsidwa Quality Mark. Ogula amapereka chiwongola dzanja chachikulu ndipo makamaka amawunikira kusasinthasintha kwa "kirimu wowawasa" - kusowa kwamadzi ochulukirapo ndi zotupa, zomwe, zikuwonetsa kusakhalapo kwa wowuma.
Roskontrol, komabe, adawulula kuti gawo lalikulu la mapuloteni ndi lochepa, ndipo katundu wa organoleptic sagwirizana kwenikweni ndi chizolowezi - fungo lofooka la "yisiti" limagwidwa.
Ubwino ndi zoyipa
6. Makapu Aakulu (20%)
Palibe zitsulo zolemera, ma radionuclides ndi nkhungu zomwe zinapezeka mu Big Mug wowawasa kirimu. Mankhwalawa amapangidwa kuchokera ku zipangizo zamtengo wapatali, zomwe zilibe maantibayotiki ndi ma GMO. Maphunziro a labotale atsimikizira chitetezo cha kirimu wowawasa komanso kutsata zofunikira zonse zamalamulo komanso muyezo wapamwamba wa Roskachestvo.
Ogula amapereka mlingo wapamwamba, zindikirani kukoma kokoma ndi maonekedwe, kuwonetsa mtengo wotsika. Kirimu wowawasa wapatsidwa Quality Mark.
Ubwino ndi zoyipa
7. Prostokvashino (20%)
Prostokvashino kirimu wowawasa ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zomwe zimagulidwa kawirikawiri mu gawo ili. Ndizotetezeka, zopangidwa popanda zowonjezera zosafunikira ndipo zilibe zonyansa zowononga thupi. Microbiological ndi organoleptic katundu ali mkati mwanthawi zonse. The zikuchokera alibe zoteteza, wowuma ndi masamba mafuta. Mtundu wa kirimu wowawasa ndi woyera ndi yunifolomu, pamwamba ndi glossy, kukoma ndi fungo ndi mkaka wowawasa. Nthawi ya alumali ya kirimu wowawasa ndi mwezi umodzi. Mutha kugula malonda pafupifupi sitolo iliyonse komanso m'misika; nthawi zambiri pamakhala kukwezedwa kwa izo.
Ogula zindikirani wandiweyani ndi homogeneous dongosolo, wosakhwima kukoma. Roskachestvo mitengo wowawasa kirimu pa olimba asanu. Roskontrol amaperekanso mlingo wapamwamba, koma amalozera ku chidziwitso chosadalirika cha zakudya ndikuwona kupezeka kwa phosphates.
Ubwino ndi zoyipa
8. Ruza kirimu wowawasa (20%)
Kirimu wowawasa wochokera ku Ruzskoye Moloko ndi wotetezeka kwambiri ndipo alibe maantibayotiki, wowuma kapena zoteteza. Gawo lalikulu la mafuta acids ndi lachilendo, palibe zonyansa zowononga ndi zitsulo zolemera zomwe zinapezeka. Zolemba pamapaketi ndizolondola. Tsiku lotha ntchito - masiku 14.
Kirimu wowawasa adapatsidwa Quality Mark. Roskontrol adazindikira kuti mankhwalawa ali ndi mawonekedwe abwino a organoleptic komanso kuchuluka kwa zamoyo za lactic acid, komabe, mayeso a labotale adawulula zotheka kuwonjezera mafuta ochepa osakhala amkaka ndi ma phosphates.
Ubwino ndi zoyipa
9. Korovka kuchokera ku Korenovka (20%)
Kirimu wowawasa "Korovka wochokera ku Korenovka" amapangidwa ku Krasnodar Territory motsatira GOST kuchokera kuzinthu zachilengedwe zapamwamba kwambiri. Maphunziro a labotale atsimikizira chitetezo cha mankhwalawa komanso kusakhalapo kwa zonyansa zovulaza mmenemo. Kulemba papaketi kumagwirizana ndi zizindikiro zenizeni. Alumali moyo ndi zosakwana 3 milungu, zomwe zimasonyeza kuti palibe zoteteza ndi mankhwala zikuchokera. Kusakanikirana kwa kirimu wowawasa ndi wofewa komanso wochuluka kwambiri, mtundu wake ndi woyera, pamwamba ndi glossy. Kukoma kwake n’kosangalatsa, koma ena kumawawasa pang’ono. Kununkhira kumakhala kokwanira, komwe kumatha kusangalatsa ndikuthamangitsa wogula.
Roskachestvo adapereka chidacho ndi Quality Mark. Pafupifupi, ogula amayesa kirimu wowawasa pa 4,9 points pa 5, osati pa katundu wa organoleptic, komanso pamtengo wabwino. Komabe, kupeza katundu m'masitolo sikophweka - ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito kutumiza kuchokera kumsika.
Ubwino ndi zoyipa
10. Abale a Cheburashkin (20%)
Cheburashkin Brothers kirimu wowawasa analibe zoteteza, zitsulo zolemera kapena zonyansa zovulaza. Kulemba pamapaketi kumafanana ndi zizindikiro zenizeni, katundu wa organoleptic ali mkati mwazonse. Kirimu wowawasa amapangidwa motsatira GOST, alibe mafuta osakhala mkaka. Kusasinthika kwa mankhwalawa ndi kwakuda, mtundu wake ndi woyera, pamwamba pake ndi glossy popanda madzi owonjezera pamwamba, kukoma kwake kumakhala kokoma. Tsiku lotha ntchito - masabata a 3.
Roskachestvo amapereka zigoli zapamwamba pazizindikiro zonse. Makasitomala amawerengera kwambiri katunduyo, koma amadandaula za kuchuluka kwamitengo.
Ubwino ndi zoyipa
Momwe mungasankhire kirimu wowawasa woyenera
Momwe mungasankhire zonona zabwino zowawasa zimatiuza Catherine Kurbatova, wamkulu wa CA Rostest Ural.
- Kuti mumvetse ngati chinthu chabwino chili patsogolo panu, muyenera kuchiyesa ndi diso ndikuchilawa. Simungathe kuchita izi m'sitolo, chifukwa chake ndikupatsani malangizo angapo okuthandizani kuti muyende:
- nthawi zonse tcherani khutu kuzinthu zosungiramo katundu ndi kukhulupirika kwa ma CD;
- fufuzani mosamala tsiku lotha ntchito ndi tsiku la kupanga;
- fufuzani kapangidwe ka kirimu wowawasa - sikuloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito stabilizers, thickeners, etc. popanga mankhwala.
Ngati mumakhulupirira wopanga zinthu, kumbukirani njira zosavuta izi. Komanso, ngati fungo losasangalatsa, heterogeneity ya kusasinthasintha, mtundu wokayikitsa kapena kuphwanya ma CD kunapezeka pakutsegulidwa kwa mankhwalawa, ndiye kuti kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake kuyenera kutayidwa.
Zomwe zili mu mabakiteriya a lactic acid ziyenera kukhala zosachepera 10 miliyoni CFU / g (CFU ndi chizindikiro cha chiwerengero cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda pa voliyumu ya unit). Mwa njira, sizili bwino nthawi zonse pamene supuni ikuyimira. Mukayambitsa kirimu wowawasa kwa mphindi zingapo, iyenera kukhala yamadzimadzi. Kodi kusasinthasintha kwasintha? Ndizotsimikizika kuti ma stabilizer amawonjezeredwa ku kirimu wowawasa.
Mafunso ndi mayankho otchuka
Momwe mungasungire kirimu wowawasa?
Kirimu wowawasa ndi kuchuluka kwamafuta oti musankhe?
Ndani Ayenera Kuchepetsa Kirimu Wowawasa?
- Zachidziwikire, monga kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala aliwonse, kirimu wowawasa ali ndi zoletsa zingapo komanso zotsutsana, makamaka kwa anthu:
• ndi zilonda zam'mimba;
• ndi cholesterol yambiri;
• ndi gastritis.
Kukhalapo kwa matenda omwe ali pamwambawa sikukutanthauza kutsutsa kwathunthu kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, koma kumafuna uphungu wa akatswiri kuti azindikire malipiro otetezeka a tsiku ndi tsiku, kuchuluka kwa mafuta ndi kuphatikiza ndi mankhwala ena.
Magwero a
- Kirimu wowawasa. Zofotokozera. Interstate muyezo. GOST 31452-2012. URL: https://docs.cntd.ru/document/1200098818