Top 10 otchuka kwambiri komanso okongola akadali padziko lapansi

Njira zaluso zabwinozi zidadziwika m'zaka za zana la XNUMX ku Holland. N’zoona kuti amisiri ajambulapo kale zinthu zopanda moyo, koma nthawi zambiri zinali mbali ya zojambulazo.

Ku Russia, mtundu wamoyo womwe ukadalipo udadziwika pambuyo pake (m'zaka za zana la XNUMX). Kwa nthawi yayitali amawonedwa ngati otsika, amawonedwa ngati kupanga maphunziro. Komabe, ngakhale tsopano, kwa anthu ambiri, akadali moyo ndi luso lopanda tanthauzo, loletsa komanso losasangalatsa.

Ojambula amajambula zipatso, makandulo, maluwa, zakudya ndi zinthu zina, koma kodi zithunzizi sizikumveka? M'malo mwake, zimabisika mozama kotero kuti si aliyense wodziwa zaluso adzatha kuzipeza. Popanga moyo, zizindikiro ndi zithunzi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, aliyense wa iwo amadziwika ndi zochitika zosiyanasiyana za moyo ndi zochitika, malingaliro ndi malingaliro.

Kwa zaka mazana anayi, zithunzi zambiri za mtundu uwu zapangidwa, koma pakati pawo anthu otchuka kwambiri akadali amoyo amatha kusiyanitsa.

10 "Lilac", Pyotr Konchalovsky

Cipangizo "lilac" Ili ku Latvia Art Museum (Riga). Analengedwa mu 1951. Ichi si chithunzi chokha cha maluwa okongola a shrub. Pyotr Konchalovsky anali wokonda chomeracho, adatchedwanso "lilac woimba". M'moyo wake wonse, adajambula zoposa 40 zokongola akadali ndi mutu womwewo.

Mu mtundu uwu, nthambi za lilac zili mumtsuko wamba patebulo loyipa komanso loyipa. Kusiyanitsa. Ntchitoyi idapangidwa pa chiyambi cha kuponderezedwa kwa Stalinist. Konchalovsky anazindikira kuti chisalungamo analamulira dziko. Koma maluwawo adaphuka, ndipo zikuwoneka kuti nsaluyo ili ndi fungo lake - kasupe ndi chiyembekezo chabwino. Mosiyana ndi zovuta zonse.

9. "Finnish Bouquet", Boris Kustodiev

Flower akadali moyo 1917, kusungidwa mu State Museum wa mzinda wa Arkhangelsk. Boris Kustodiev anali katswiri wojambula zithunzi, ndipo "Bouquet yaku Finland" ndi ya nthawi ya Vyborg. Panthawiyi, wojambulayo anali kukonzanso pambuyo pa opaleshoni. Chithunzicho chinajambulidwa muchipatala chachipatala. Zimasonyeza zomera wamba: chamomile, nthula, fern. Chojambulacho ndi chophweka komanso chosavuta, chimakondweretsa diso. Mukawona chithunzicho, mumamvetsetsa kuti chimwemwe ndi chofala. Kukongola kuli pafupi, ndipo kuti mukhale ndi chisangalalo chenicheni mumafunikira zochepa kwambiri.

8. Curtain, Jug and Fruit Bowl wolemba Paul Cezanne

“Khatani, jug ndi mbale ya zipatso” - chimodzi mwazojambula zodziwika bwino komanso zokongola mumtundu wamtundu wamoyo. Analengedwa mu 90s mochedwa XIX atumwi. Mu 1999, idagulitsidwa pamsika pamtengo wapamwamba wa $ 60 miliyoni.

Inde, simungangodutsa chithunzichi. Zimakopa zowoneka ndi ziwalo zake zosalinganizika. Mitundu imasiyana: kuzizira kwa mtsuko ndi kutentha kwa chipatso. Chifukwa cha kusintha kosawoneka bwino kwamitundu, Cezanne anatha kuberekanso zinthu zitatu-dimensional, zitatu-dimensional.

7. "Akadali Moyo", Kazimir Malevich

Chithunzicho chinapangidwa mu 1910. Ili mu State Russian Museum. Malevich adalemba m'nthawi yakusaka. Iye ankadziona ngati munthu wofuna kusintha zinthu, wolimbana ndi zinthu zenizeni, ndipo ankaona kuti chiphunzitso cha uzimu chinali chinthu chimene chinatha ntchito. ambiri ake "Pakali moyo" zikuwoneka zachilendo: ngati ichi ndi chojambula chosadziwika cha mwana, osati wojambula wodziwa bwino.

Pakatikati pa ntchitoyi pali vase yoyera yokhala ndi zipatso, zina zomwe zili patebulo. Chithunzicho ndi chosasinthika. Ziwalo zake zimakhala za masitayelo osiyanasiyana. Ndi ntchito yokongola iyi, Malevich ankafuna kusonyeza kuti chenicheni ndi chachiwiri (mogwirizana ndi mawonekedwe chithunzi). Ngakhale pano munthu akhoza kuzindikira chinthu chodziwika bwino chomwe chili mu ntchito zambiri za Kazimir Severinovich - kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yowala, yomwe yakhala chizindikiro cha mphamvu zosasinthika za wojambula.

6. "Ndili ndi Moyo Ndi Chigaza ndi Nthenga" wolemba Pieter Claesz

“Ndidakali ndi Moyo Ndi Chigaza ndi Nthenga” Mutha kuziwona ku Metropolitan Museum of Art (New York). Idapangidwa mu 1628. Ndi ya mtundu wa vanitas (akadali moyo woperekedwa ku imfa).

Chithunzicho ndi chokongola, koma chowopsya. Chigaza, galasi logubuduzika, nyali yamafuta yozimitsa - zonsezi ndizizindikiro za kusakhalitsa kwa moyo. Kusiyana kochititsa chidwi pakati pa utoto uwu ndi zina zambiri zopangidwa mumtundu wofananira ndi utoto wocheperako. Ma Claes amagwiritsa ntchito mitundu ingapo ndi mithunzi yake, yomwe imagogomezera kuzama ndi mdima wa zolembazo. Aliyense wolingalira pa chithunzichi amamvetsetsa kuti moyo udzatha tsiku lina, chidziwitso ndi vinyo zilibe mphamvu - palibe chomwe chingathandize munthu kupeza muyaya ...

5. "Vase of Flowers", Pierre-Auguste Renoir

Chojambulacho chimasungidwa mumsewu wotchuka wa Cambridge Museum of Art. Renoir apadera pazithunzi ndi mitundu yamitundu. Maluwa anali kwa iye zosangalatsa, zosangalatsa. Pali mtundu womwe wojambulayo adapanga zojambula zotere kuti apeze ndalama, popeza adagulitsa bwino.

"Vase yokhala ndi maluwa" lolembedwa mu 1866. mwachizolowezi munda maluwa, amene anaphatikizapo wamba zomera. Mitundu ndi yowala. Kuphulika kwamitundu kumakhala chikumbutso cha kukongola ndi kuchuluka kwa chilengedwe. Kuphatikizika kwa mitundu ndikwapamwamba, kolondola. Chigwirizano ndi mtendere ndi uthenga waukulu wa chithunzichi.

4. "Maapulo ndi Masamba", Ilya Repin

Chinsalu “Maapulo ndi Masamba” yomwe ili ku Russian Museum (St. Petersburg). Ilya Efimovich adalenga mu 1879. Poyang'ana koyamba, chithunzicho chikhoza kuwoneka chophweka komanso chosavuta: maapulo kumbuyo kwa masamba. Ndiko kungopangako kumapangidwa mwaluso kwambiri kotero kuti pamakhala kumverera kwa zenizeni. Chithunzicho ndi chochuluka ndipo ngati kuti chadzazidwa ndi mpweya, tinthu tating'ono kwambiri timajambula bwino. Iye ndi wowala komanso wofotokozera.

Ntchito inalengedwa Repin pachimake cha kutchuka kwake. Panthawi imeneyo m'moyo wake, anali kuchita bwino pa ntchito yake komanso m'moyo wake. Zinthu zotere sizikanatha koma zimakhudza momwe wojambulayo amamvera. N'zosadabwitsa kuti poganizira za chinsalu, malingaliro abwino ndi malingaliro amatuluka.

3. Zipatso Basket ndi Michelangelo Caravaggio

"Fruit basket" Adapangidwa mu 1596, kusungidwa mu Ambrosian Library (Milan). Akatswiri ena a mbiri yakale amakhulupirira Michelangelo woyambitsa wa mtundu wa still life.

Chithunzicho ndi chachilengedwe momwe zingathere: dengu liri pamphepete mwa tebulo, limadzazidwa ndi zipatso. Zipatso zazulidwa pamodzi ndi masamba, ndipo zizindikiro zoyamba za kufota zikuwonekera kale. Kupanda moyo kwa kapangidwe kameneka kumatsindika kamvekedwe - zochepa zatsatanetsatane.

Ndi chithunzichi, Caravaggio ankafuna kusonyeza kupita kwa nthawi. Kuwala konyezimira kumasinthidwa ndi kuvunda ndi kufa, kusapeŵeka.

2. Chitumbuwa cha mbalame mu galasi, Kuzma Petrov-Vodkin

Chimodzi mwazojambula zodziwika bwino ndi wojambula waku Soviet. Inakhazikitsidwa mu 1932. "Mbalame chitumbuwa mu galasi" yomwe ili ku State Russian Museum ku St.

Nthambi ya chitumbuwa ya mbalame imazunguliridwa ndi zinthu zobalalika mwachisawawa. Zinthu zilibe kulumikizana kowoneka ndi mnzake, koma chithunzicho chikuwoneka chogwirizana. Pali Baibulo limene wodzichepetsa seti ya zinthu munthu kuuma kwa nthawi ya mbiri imene chithunzi anajambula. Petrov-Vodkin.

1. Mpendadzuwa mu Vase Yellow, Van Gogh

Van Gogh amaonedwa ngati mbuye wa moyo. Wojambulayo adapanga zojambula zonse zoperekedwa kwa mpendadzuwa. Chinsalu chomwe chimatisangalatsa chinapangidwa mu 1888. Ili ku London National Gallery.

Pa chithunzi "Mpendadzuwa mu vase yachikasu" vase wovuta kwambiri akuwonetsedwa. Ndi yaying'ono kukula kwake, ndipo palibe malo okwanira a mpendadzuwa, koma osati mu vase yokha, mumlengalenga. Palibe chachilendo: kukongola kwachilengedwe kwa mitundu ndi kuwala kwa mitundu. Kwa Van Gogh, chikasu chinagwirizanitsidwa ndi chiyembekezo ndi ubwenzi, ndipo mpendadzuwa unali chizindikiro cha kuyamikira kwa iye.

Kodi chithunzichi ndi chiyani? Za moyo wokongola komanso womvetsa chisoni. Maluwa, nyama, anthu - zamoyo zonse zimatha tsiku lina. Kodi ndiyenera kukhumudwa ndi izi? Munthu aliyense ali ndi yankho lake ku funso ili, koma palibe chifukwa chothera mphindi zamtengo wapatali ndi maola pa nkhawa. Palibe komanso palibe chomwe chingaimitse nthawi.