Zamkatimu
Mzinda wachiwiri uliwonse ku Ulaya umamangidwa pafupi ndi mtsinje. Ndipo izi sizongochitika mwangozi, chifukwa nthawi zonse zakhala chinthu chachikulu pakukula kwa agglomeration. Timakonda kuthera tchuthi chathu m'mphepete mwa mtsinje wamadzi, ndikusilira kukongola kwa malo ozungulira. Koma sitiganizira n’komwe za kutalika kwake. Ndi nthawi yotseka kusiyana kwa chidziwitso: m'nkhaniyi mudzapeza kuti mitsinje yayitali kwambiri ku Ulaya.
10 Vyatka (1314 km)
Vyatka, kutsegula mlingo wautali kwambiri ku Ulaya, uli ndi kutalika kwa 1314 km, umachokera ku Verkhnekamsk Upland, yomwe ili ku Republic of Udmurtia. M'kamwa mumalowa mu Kama, mtsinje wachisanu wautali kwambiri ku Ulaya (koma tidzafika mtsogolo). Ili ndi malo osambira a 129 sq. kilomita.
Vyatka amaonedwa kuti ndi mtsinje wa East European Plain ndi sinuosity kwambiri. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito potumiza ndi ma alloys. Koma njira za mtsinje zimangopita ku mzinda wa Kirov (700 km kuchokera pakamwa).
Mtsinjewu uli ndi nsomba zambiri: Anthu okhala m'derali nthawi zonse amagwira pike, perch, roach, zander, etc.
M'mphepete mwa Vyatka ndi mizinda ya Kirov, Sosnovka, Orlov.
- Mayiko omwe adutsamo: Russia.
9. Dniester (1352 km)
Gwero la mtsinje, 1352 km kutalika, lili m'mudzi wa Volchie, Lviv dera. Dniester imapita ku Black Sea. Mtsinjewu umadutsa m’madera a our country ndi Moldova. Malire a mayikowa m’mbali ina amadutsa ndendende m’mphepete mwa mtsinje wa Dniester. Mizinda ya Rybnitsa, Tiraspol, Bendery inakhazikitsidwa pamtsinje. Malo a dziwe ndi 72 sq. kilomita.
Pambuyo pa kugwa kwa USSR, kuyenda pa Dniester kunachepa, ndipo m'zaka khumi zapitazi zakhala zikusowa. Tsopano mabwato ang'onoang'ono okha ndi mabwato okaona malo amapita m'mphepete mwa mtsinjewu, womwe uli pamndandanda waatali kwambiri ku Europe.
- Mayiko omwe adutsamo: our country, Moldova.
8. Oka (1498 km)
Chabwino Amaonedwa kuti ndi mtsinje woyenerera wa Volga, womwe ndi pakamwa pake. Gwero lili mu kasupe wamba yomwe ili m'mudzi wa Aleksandrovka, m'chigawo cha Oryol. Kutalika kwa mtsinjewu ndi 1498 km.
Mizinda: Kaluga, Ryazan, Nizhny Novgorod, Murom imayima pa Oka. Pa mtsinje, umene uli m'gulu mlingo wa yaitali mu Europe, mzinda wakale wa Divyagorsk inamangidwa kamodzi. Tsopano Oka, malo beseni ndi 245 lalikulu mamita. makilomita, anakokoloka ndi pafupifupi 000%.
Kuyenda pamtsinje, chifukwa cha kugwa kwake pang'onopang'ono, sikukhazikika. Idayimitsidwa mu 2007, 2014, 2015. Izi zinakhudzanso chiwerengero cha nsomba mumtsinje: kuchepa kwake pang'onopang'ono kunayamba.
- Mayiko omwe adutsamo: Russia.
7. Phanga (1809 km)
Pechora Kutalika kwa 1809 km, kumadutsa ku Komi Republic ndi Nenets Autonomous Okrug, kumayenda mu Nyanja ya Barents. Pechora amachokera kumpoto kwa Urals. Pafupi ndi mtsinjewo, anamanga mizinda monga Pechora ndi Naryan-Mar.
Mtsinjewu ndi wosavuta kuyendamo, koma njira za mitsinje zimangopita ku mzinda wa Troitsko-Pechorsk. Usodzi umapangidwa: amagwira nsomba, whitefish, vendace.
Pechora, yomwe ili pachisanu ndi chiwiri mu kusanja kwakutali kwambiri ku Europe, imadziwika kuti mu beseni lake, yomwe ili ndi malo a 322 sq. makilomita, pali madipoziti mafuta ndi gasi, komanso malasha.
- Mayiko omwe adutsamo: Russia.
6. Don (1870 km)
Kuyambira ku Central Russian Upland, Don akuyenda mu Nyanja ya Azov. Ambiri amakhulupirira kuti gwero la Don lili mu nkhokwe Shatsky. Koma sichoncho. Mtsinjewo umayambira ku mtsinje wa Urvanka, womwe uli mumzinda wa Novomoskovsk.
Don ndi mtsinje woyenda panyanja wokhala ndi beseni la 422 sq. kilomita. Mukhoza kuyenda panyanja kuyambira pachiyambi pakamwa (Nyanja ya u000bu1870bAzov) kupita ku mzinda wa Liski. Pamtsinje, womwe umaphatikizidwa ndi kutalika kwambiri (makilomita XNUMX), mizinda monga Rostov-on-Don, Azov, Voronezh idakhazikitsidwa.
Kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa mtsinjewu kwapangitsa kuti nsomba zichepe. Koma palinso zokwanira: pafupifupi mitundu 67 ya nsomba imakhala mu Don. Perch, rudd, pike, bream ndi roach amaonedwa kuti ndi omwe amagwidwa kwambiri.
- Mayiko omwe adutsamo: Russia.
5. Kama (1880 km)
Mtsinje uwu, wautali makilomita 1880, ndi waukulu kwambiri ku Western Urals. Gwero Makamera chimachokera pafupi ndi mudzi wa Karpushata, umene uli ku Verkhnekaemskaya Upland. Mtsinje umadutsa mumtsinje wa Kuibyshev, kumene Volga umayenda - mtsinje wautali kwambiri ku Ulaya.
Ndikoyenera kuzindikirakuti mitsinje 74 ili mu beseni la Kama, lomwe lili 718 sq. makilomita. Opitilira 507% aiwo ali ndi kutalika kopitilira 000 km.
Anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti Kama ndi Volga ndi amodzi. Ichi ndi chiweruzo cholakwika: Kama ndi wamkulu kuposa Volga. Pamaso pa Ice Age, pakamwa pa mtsinjewu analowa Nyanja ya Caspian, ndipo Volga anali tributary wa Don River. Chivundikiro cha ayezi chasintha chilichonse: tsopano Volga yakhala gawo lalikulu la Kama.
- Mayiko omwe adutsamo: Russia.
4. Dnipro (2201 km)
Mtsinje uwu umatengedwa kuti ndi wautali kwambiri ku our country ndi wachinayi ku Russia (2201 km). Kuphatikiza pa Independent, Zowawa zimakhudza madera a Russia ndi Belarus. Gwero lili pa Valdai Upland. Dnieper akuyenda mu Black Sea. Mizinda ya Miliyoni monga Dnepropetrovsk ndi Kyiv inakhazikitsidwa pamtsinje.
Amakhulupirira kuti Dnieper ali ndi mafunde odekha komanso odekha. Dera la dziwe ndi 504 sq. kilomita. Mitundu yoposa 000 ya nsomba imakhala mumtsinjewu. Anthu amasaka carp, hering'i, sturgeon. Komanso, Dnieper ili ndi mitundu yambiri ya algae. Ambiri ndi obiriwira. Koma ma diatoms, golide, ma cryptophyte nawonso amatsogolera.
- Mayiko omwe adutsamo: our country, Russia, Belarus.
3. Ural (2420 km)
Maphunziro anu Urals (otchulidwa pambuyo pa dera la dzina lomwelo), amachokera pamwamba pa Kruglaya Sopka ku Bashkortostan. Amadutsa m'dera la Russia, Kazakhstan ndikuyenda mu Nyanja ya Caspian. Kutalika kwake ndi 2420 km.
Amakhulupirira kuti Urals imalekanitsa madera aku Asia ndi Europe. Koma izi sizowona kwathunthu: kumtunda kokha kwa mtsinjewu ndi mzere wogawa Eurasia. Mizinda monga Orenburg ndi Magnitogorsk inamangidwa ku Urals.
Mtsinje, womwe unalandira chizindikiro cha "mkuwa" wa mitsinje yaitali kwambiri ku Ulaya, uli ndi mabwato ochepa. Amapita makamaka kukapha nsomba, chifukwa ma Urals ndi otchuka chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa nsomba. Sturgeon, catfish, zander, stellate sturgeon amagwidwa pano. Dera la mtsinjewo ndi 231 sq. kilomita.
- Mayiko omwe adutsamo: Russia, Kazakhstan.
2. Danube (2950 km)
Danube - woyamba m'litali ku Western gawo la Old World (kuposa 2950 Km). Koma akadali otsika kwa Volga wathu, kutenga malo achiwiri mu kusanja kwa mitsinje yaitali mu Europe.
Gwero la Danube lili kumapiri a Black Forest, omwe ali ku Germany. Imayenderera ku Black Sea. Mizinda yodziwika bwino ku Europe: Vienna, Belgrade, Bratislava ndi Budapest adamangidwa pafupi ndi mtsinjewu. Ikuphatikizidwa pamndandanda wa UNESCO ngati malo otetezedwa. Ili ndi malo osambira a 817 sq. kilomita.
- Mayiko omwe adutsamo: Germany, Austria, Croatia, Serbia, Hungary, Romania, Slovakia, Bulgaria, our country.
1. Volga (3530 km)
Pafupifupi aliyense m’dziko lathu amadziŵa zimenezo volga ndi mtsinje wautali kwambiri ku Russia. Koma ndi anthu ochepa okha amene amazindikira kuti ku Ulaya kulinso koyambirira. Mtsinje, umene uli ndi kutalika kwa makilomita 3530, umayamba ku Valdai Upland, ndipo umatha ndi kutali Caspian Sea. Mizinda yowonjezereka monga Nizhny Novgorod, Volgograd, Kazan inamangidwa pa Volga. Dera la mtsinje (1 kilomita lalikulu) ndi pafupifupi wofanana ndi 361% ya gawo European dziko lathu. Volga amadutsa maphunziro 000 ku Russia. Kumakhala mitundu yopitilira 30 ya nsomba, yomwe 15 yake ndi yoyenera kusodza.
- Mayiko omwe adutsamo: Russia.