Uric acid ndi kuchuluka kwa uric acid m'magazi. Uric acid iyi imabwera chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa zinthu za nayitrogeni, kutsatira catabolism ya nucleic acid yomwe imapezeka m'thupi (DNA ndi RNA), kapena kuwonongeka kwa ma purine omwe amatengedwa ndi chakudya. Uric acid imachotsedwa makamaka kudzera mumkodzo. Kuwonjezeka kwa milingo ya uric acid, yotchedwa hyperuricaemia, kungayambitse gout kapena urolithiasis. Hypo-uricemia nthawi zina imawonedwa pambuyo pomwa mankhwala ena. Kudya zakudya zabwino kumathandiza kusunga uricemia moyenera.

Uric acid ndi kuchuluka kwa uric acid m'madzi a m'magazi. Uric acid ndi chinthu chomwe chimabwera chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa zinthu za nayitrogeni: chifukwa chake, mwina zimachokera ku catabolism ya nucleic acid yomwe imapezeka m'thupi mwa mawonekedwe a DNA ndi RNA, kapena yopangidwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa ma purines omwe amamwa chakudya. Choncho, uric acid ndi zowonongeka zomwe zimapangidwa ndi thupi, makamaka pamene, panthawi ya imfa ndi kukonzanso maselo, zimawononga mamolekyu a DNA ndi RNA (mamolekyu omwe amanyamula chidziwitso cha majini a munthu ndi kulola kumasulira kwake kukhala mapuloteni).

Uric acid imapezeka m'magazi, komwe imagawidwa pakati pa plasma ndi maselo a magazi, ndi m'magulu. Uric acid sangasinthidwe, monga mbalame, kukhala allantoin: kwenikweni, anthu alibe puloteni yomwe imatha kutulutsa uric acid ndi njira iyi ya allantoin. Chifukwa chake, mwa anthu, uric acid amatulutsidwa makamaka kudzera mumkodzo.

• Ngati magazi ali ndi uric acid wambiri, amatha kudziunjikira m'malo olumikizirana mafupa ndikuyambitsa kutupa komwe kumayambitsa matenda a gout, omwe amapweteka kwambiri.
• Ngati imasonkhanitsa m'mitsempha ya mkodzo, imatha kuyambitsa urolithiasis, komanso kukhalapo kwa miyala, kumayambitsanso ululu waukulu.

Uricaemia iyenera kuchitidwa ngati dokotala akukayikira kuwonjezeka kwa uric acid m'magazi. Kusanthula kwachilengedweku kudzachitika makamaka:

• ngati dokotala akukayikira gawo la gout, pamene wodwalayo ali ndi ululu m'mfundo;
• poyang'anira matenda ena omwe ali ndi hyperuricaemia, monga kulephera kwa impso kapena matenda ena a magazi; 
• kutsatira kumwa mankhwala ena monga okodzetsa omwe amalepheretsa kuchotsa uric acid m'mkodzo; 
• pakudya kwambiri, zomwe zingayambitsenso kuchuluka kwa uric acid; 
• kuwunika kwa hypouricemia;
• pa mimba, kudziwa zotheka hyperuricemia;
• mwa anthu omwe ali ndi impso miyala ya uric acid kapena urate;
• kuyang'anira anthu omwe akuwonetsa kale uricemia wokwera, kuti adziwe kuopsa kwa zovuta za aimpso.

Kuyeza kwa uric acid kumeneku nthawi zambiri kumaphatikizidwa ndi kafukufuku wa ntchito ya impso, poyesa kuchuluka kwa creatinine m'magazi.

Kutsimikiza kwachilengedwe kwa uric acid kumachitika ndi njira ya enzymatic, pa seramu, kutsatira kuyezetsa magazi. Magazi awa amatengedwa kuchokera kwa wodwala kusala kudya, komanso kutali ndi chakudya chamadzi. Nthawi zambiri, venipuncture imachitika pakatikati pa chigongono. Amachitidwa mu labotale yowunikira zamankhwala, nthawi zambiri mtawuni, kutsatira malangizo achipatala. Pafupifupi, zotsatira zimapezeka mkati mwa maola 24 atatoledwa.

Uric acid amayenda m'magazi mokhazikika mwa akazi pakati pa 150 ndi 360 µmol pa lita, ndipo mwa amuna pakati pa 180 ndi 420 µmol pa lita. Mulingo wabwinobwino mwa akulu, mu mg pa lita imodzi, nthawi zambiri umakhala pakati pa 25 mpaka 60 mwa akazi ndi 35 mpaka 70 mwa amuna. Kwa ana, kuyenera kukhala pakati pa 20 ndi 50 mg pa lita (ie 120 mpaka 300 µmol pa lita).

Pakakhala hyperuricemia, chifukwa chake ndi uric acid ndende yoposa 360 μmol / lita mwa akazi ndi yoposa 420 µmol / lita mwa amuna, wodwalayo amakhala pachiwopsezo cha gout kapena urolithiasis.

• Gout ndi matenda a kagayidwe kachakudya, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhudza chala chachikulu chakuphazi, koma nthawi zina amakhudzanso mfundo za akakolo ndi mawondo. Zimayamba chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa uric acid m'magazi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kuchulukirachulukira kwa makristasi a urate, komanso kutupa. Chithandizo cha kuukira koopsa nthawi zambiri kumadalira colchicine. Hyperuricemia ikhoza kulimbana ndi kuchotsa zomwe zimayambitsa hyperuricemia, ndi xanthine oxidase inhibitors (enzyme iyi imasintha molekyulu yotchedwa xanthine kukhala uric acid).

   

• Urolithiasis ndi kukhalapo kwa miyala munjira yotulutsa mkodzo, chifukwa cha mapangidwe a makristasi.

Hypo-uricemia, mwachitsanzo, kuchuluka kwa uric acid osakwana 150 μmol / lita mwa akazi ndi 180 μmol / lita mwa amuna, kumawonedwa makamaka panthawi yamankhwala ochotsa mkodzo kapena ma braking.

Kale, matenda a gout ankanenedwa chifukwa cha kudya komanso kumwa. Koma ndi m'zaka khumi zapitazi pamene kumvetsetsa kwakukulu kwa zakudya zokhudzana ndi hyperuricemia ndi gout kwadziwika. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri, kudya kwambiri kumathandizira kuwonjezeka kwa uric acid mu dongosolo la 10 mg / ml. Makamaka, mwa amuna akuluakulu omwe ali ndi uricaemia pakati pa 60 ndi 70 mg / ml, kuwonjezeka koteroko kungayambitse gout.

Kunenepa kwambiri, nyama yofiira kwambiri muzakudya ndi zakumwa zoledzeretsa zidadziwika kale ngati zoyambitsa gout, kuyambira kalekale. Kumbali ina, masamba ndi zomera zokhala ndi purines sizimakhudzidwa, monga momwe maphunziro angapo asonyezera. Kumbali ina, ziwopsezo zatsopano, zomwe zinali zisanazindikiridwe, zadziwika, kuphatikiza fructose ndi zakumwa za shuga. Pomaliza, zida zodzitchinjiriza zidanenedwanso, makamaka kumwa mkaka wosakanizidwa.

Gout sichidziwika kokha chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa uric acid, zochitika zotheka za nyamakazi ndi kuwonongeka kosatha, komanso zimatha kugwirizanitsidwa ndi zovuta zowonongeka, komanso chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha matenda a mtima. Kudya zakudya zopatsa thanzi kumathandizira kuwongolera uricemia ndikuchepetsa matenda okhudzana nawo.