Valavu ya tricuspid (yochokera ku Latin cusp kutanthauza mkondo, kapena valavu yoloza katatu) ndi valavu yomwe ili pamlingo wamtima, kulekanitsa atrium yoyenera ndi mpweya wabwino.

malo. Valavu ya tricuspid ili pamlingo wamtima. Otsatirawa adagawika magawo awiri, kumanzere ndi kumanja, iliyonse ili ndi ventricle ndi atrium. Valavu ya tricuspid imasiyanitsa atrium yoyenera ndi ventricle yoyenera (1).

kapangidwe. Valavu ya tricuspid imatha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri (2):

• Zipangizo za valavu, zopangidwa ndi mphete yoluka mozungulira valavu ndi timapepala ta ma valavu, zoyambira pamlingo wa mphete yolumikizira yopangidwa ndi zotsekera za endocardium (mkatikati mwa mtima) (1).
• Makina osakanikirana, opangidwa ndi zingwe zamtundu ndi mizati yotchedwa papillary minofu

Njira yamagazi. Magazi amayenda mbali imodzi kudutsa mumtima komanso m'magazi. Atrium yolondola imalandira magazi owopsa, ndiko kunena kuti mpweya wopanda mphamvu ndipo umachokera kumtunda ndi kumtunda kwa vena cava. Mwazi uwu umadutsa mu valavu ya tricuspid kuti ufike ku ventricle yoyenera. Mkati mwa omalizirayo, magazi amatuluka mu valavu yamapapo kuti akafike pamtengo wamapapo. Otsatirawa adzagawika m'mitsempha yam'mapapo yamanja kumanja ndi kumanzere kuti alumikizane ndi mapapo (1).

Kutsegula / kutseka kwa valavu. Valavu ya tricuspid imatsegulidwa ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi pamlingo wa atrium yoyenera. Wotsirizira amalumikizana ndipo amalola magazi kudutsa pa valavu ya tricuspid kupita ku ventricle yoyenera (1). Ventricle yoyenera ikadzaza komanso kupanikizika ukuwonjezeka, ventricle imalumikizana ndikupangitsa valavu ya tricuspid kutseka. Izi zimasungidwa makamaka chifukwa cha minofu ya papillary.

Anti-Reflux yamagazi. Pochita gawo lofunikira pakudutsa magazi, valavu ya tricuspid imalepheretsanso kubwerera kwamagazi kuchokera ku ventricle yolondola kupita ku atrium yoyenera (1).

Matenda a mtima wa Valvular amatanthauza zovuta zonse zomwe zimakhudza ma valve amtima. Kusintha kwa matendawa kumatha kubweretsa kusintha kwa kapangidwe ka mtima ndikutulutsa kwa atrium kapena ventricle. Zizindikiro za matendawa makamaka zimatha kung'ung'udza mumtima, kupindika, kapena kusapeza bwino (3).

• Kulephera kwa Tricuspid. Matendawa amalumikizidwa ndikutseka kovutikira kwa valavu komwe kumabweretsa magazi kubwerera ku atrium. Zomwe zimayambitsa vutoli ndizosiyanasiyana ndipo zimatha kulumikizidwa makamaka ndi nyamakazi ya nyamakazi, matenda opatsirana kapena obadwa nawo, kapena matenda. Nkhani yomalizayi imagwirizana ndi endocarditis.
• Kuchepetsa Tricuspid. Kawirikawiri, matenda a valavuwa amafanana ndi kutseguka kokwanira kwa valavu komwe kumalepheretsa magazi kuyenda bwino. Zomwe zimayambitsa ndizosiyanasiyana ndipo makamaka zimakhudzana ndi rheumatic fever, matenda kapena endocarditis.

Chithandizo cha mankhwala. Kutengera matenda a valavu ndi momwe amakulira, mankhwala ena amatha kuperekedwa mwachitsanzo kupewa matenda ena monga infective endocarditis. Mankhwalawa amathanso kukhala achindunji komanso opangira matenda omwe amagwirizana nawo (4) (5).

Chithandizo cha opaleshoni. Pazochitika zapamwamba kwambiri za matenda a valve, opaleshoni imachitika kawirikawiri. Ntchitoyi imakhala ndi kukonzanso valavu kapena kusinthira valavu ndikuyika makina opanga ma bioloji (bio-prosthesis) (3).

Kufufuza mwakuthupi. Choyamba, amafufuza kuti adziwe momwe mtima umagwirira ntchito makamaka ndikuwunika zomwe wodwala akuwona monga kupuma movutikira kapena kugundana.

Kuyesa kuyerekezera kwachipatala. Pofuna kukhazikitsa kapena kutsimikizira matenda, mtima wa ultrasound, kapena ngakhale doppler ultrasound itha kuchitidwa. Amatha kuwonjezeredwa ndi coronary angiography, CT scan, kapena MRI.

Electrocardiogramme d'effort. Mayesowa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofufuza momwe magetsi amagwirira ntchito pamasewera olimbikira.

Vuto lopangira mtima. Charles A. Hufnagel, dotolo wa ku America wazaka za m'ma 20, anali woyamba kupanga valavu yopangira mtima. Mu 1952, adakhazikika, mwa wodwala wovutika ndi aortic, valavu yokumba yopangidwa ndi khola lachitsulo lokhala ndi mpira wa silicone woyikidwa pakati pake (6).