Ubongo umalekanitsidwa ndi thupi lonse ndi chotchinga cha magazi-ubongo. Kodi ma virus amawoloka bwanji chotchinga chamagazi-muubongo kuti alowe m'katikati mwa minyewa? Kodi chotchinga muubongo wamagazi chimagwira ntchito bwanji?

Chotchinga cha magazi-ubongo ndi chotchinga chosankha kwambiri chomwe ntchito yake yayikulu ndikulekanitsa dongosolo lapakati lamanjenje (CNS) ndi magazi. Kachitidwe kake kamapangitsa kuti athe kuwongolera mosamalitsa kusinthana pakati pa magazi ndi gawo laubongo. Chotchinga cha magazi-ubongo motero chimalekanitsa ubongo kuchokera ku thupi lonse ndikuupatsa malo enieni, osiyana ndi malo amkati mwa thupi lonse.

Chotchinga chamagazi-muubongo chimakhala ndi zosefera zapadera zomwe zimalola kuti zinthu zomwe zitha kukhala poizoni zilowe muubongo ndi msana.

Chotchinga cha hemoencephalic ichi, chifukwa cha fyuluta yake yosankha kwambiri, imatha kuloleza madzi, mpweya wina ndi ma molekyulu a liposoluble mwa kufalikira, komanso kusamutsa kosankha kwa mamolekyu monga shuga ndi ma amino acid omwe amagwira nawo ntchito. Chofunika kwambiri pakugwira ntchito kwa neuronal ndikuletsa kulowa kwa ma lipophilic neurotoxins, pogwiritsa ntchito njira yoyendera yolumikizana ndi glycoprotein.

Astrocyte (amathandiza kusunga chilengedwe cha mankhwala ndi magetsi popereka zakudya zofunikira ku ubongo ndi kutaya zinyalala zawo) ndizofunikira pakupanga chotchinga ichi.

Chotchinga chamagazi ndi ubongo chimateteza ubongo ku poizoni ndi ma messenger omwe amazungulira m'magazi.

Kuphatikiza apo, ntchitoyi ndi yapawiri, chifukwa imalepheretsanso kulowa kwa mamolekyu pofuna kuchiza.

Ma virus ena amatha kudutsa chotchinga ichi kudzera m'magazi kapena kudzera mumayendedwe a "retrograde axonal". Kusokonezeka kwa magazi-ubongo chotchinga amayamba chifukwa cha matenda osiyanasiyana.

Matenda osokoneza bongo

Chifukwa cha ntchito yake yofunikira pakusunga cerebral homeostasis, chotchinga chamagazi ndi ubongo chingakhalenso chiyambi cha matenda ena amitsempha monga matenda a neurodegenerative ndi zotupa muubongo monga matenda a Alzheimer's (AD) koma omwe amakhala osowa kwambiri. .

Matenda a shuga

Matenda ena, monga shuga mellitus, amakhalanso ndi zotsatira zoyipa pakukonza chotchinga chamagazi muubongo.

Matenda ena

Matenda ena, kumbali inayo, amasokoneza ntchito ya endothelium kuchokera mkati, ndiko kuti, chotchinga chonse cha ubongo cha magazi chimawonongeka ndi zochita zochokera ku matrix a extracellular.

Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, matenda angapo a muubongo amasonyezedwa ndi mfundo yakuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tingawoloke chotchinga cha magazi ndi ubongo zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a muubongo omwe ndi matenda owopsa omwe amatsatiridwa ndi kufa kwakukulu kapena opulumuka ku zotsatira zoyipa zaubongo. Izi zikuphatikizapo, mwachitsanzo, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, mabakiteriya, bowa, kachilombo ka HIV, kachilombo ka T-lymphotropic 1, kachilombo ka West Nile ndi mabakiteriya, monga Neisseria meningitidis kapena Vibrio cholerae.

Mu multiple sclerosis, "tizilombo toyambitsa matenda" ndi maselo a chitetezo cha mthupi omwe amadutsa chotchinga cha magazi ndi ubongo.

Maselo a metastatic amatha kudutsa chotchinga chamagazi-muubongo mu zotupa zina zomwe si zaubongo ndipo zimatha kuyambitsa metastases muubongo (glioblastoma).

Kupereka chithandizo ku ubongo mwa kudutsa chotchinga cha magazi-ubongo ndi ulendo weniweni chifukwa kumalepheretsanso kupeza mankhwala osokoneza bongo, makamaka omwe ali ndi dongosolo lalikulu la maselo, kupita kumalo omwe amafunika kuthandizidwa.

Mankhwala ena monga Temozolomide, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito polimbana ndi glioblastoma ali ndi mankhwala komanso thupi lomwe limalola kuti lidutse chotchingacho ndikufika ku chotupacho.

Chimodzi mwa zotheka zomwe zafufuzidwa poyesa kuthetsa vutoli ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira zomwe zingathe kudutsa mumtsinje wamagazi ndi ubongo.

Chotchinga cha magazi ndi ubongo ndicholepheretsa kwambiri chithandizo, koma kafukufuku akuchitika.

Chinthu choyamba chosiyanitsa chomwe chinapangidwira MRI chinali gadolinium (Gd) kenako Gd-DTPA77, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti apeze ma MRIs apamwamba kwambiri kuti azindikire zilonda zam'deralo za chotchinga cha magazi ndi ubongo. Molekyu ya Gd-DTPA ndi yosalowetsedwa kwambiri kuti idutse chotchinga chabwino chamagazi ndi ubongo.

Njira zina zojambulira

Kugwiritsa ntchito "single-photon emission tomography" kapena "positron emission tomography".

Kuwonongeka kwa chotchinga chamagazi muubongo kumatha kuwunikidwanso pofalitsa ma media oyenera osiyanitsa pogwiritsa ntchito computed tomography.