Mtengo wa thanzi komanso kapangidwe ka mankhwala.
| Zakudya zabwino | kuchuluka | Zachikhalidwe ** | % yazizolowezi mu 100 g | % ya zachilendo mu 100 kcal | 100% yachibadwa |
| Mtengo wa caloric | Tsamba 335 | Tsamba 1684 | 19.9% | 5.9% | 503 ga |
| Mapuloteni | 33.8 ga | 76 ga | 44.5% | 13.3% | 225 ga |
| mafuta | 7.7 ga | 56 ga | 13.8% | 4.1% | 727 ga |
| Zakudya | 32.7 ga | 219 ga | 14.9% | 4.4% | 670 ga |
| CHIKWANGWANI chamagulu | 15.6 ga | 20 ga | 78% | 23.3% | 128 ga |
| Water | 5.9 ga | 2273 ga | 0.3% | 0.1% | 38525 ga |
| ash | 4.3 ga | ~ | |||
| mavitamini | |||||
| Vitamini A, RE | Makilogalamu 8 | Makilogalamu 900 | 0.9% | 0.3% | 11250 ga |
| beta carotenes | 0.048 mg | 5 mg | 1% | 0.3% | 10417 ga |
| Vitamini B1, thiamine | 1.6 mg | 1.5 mg | 106.7% | 31.9% | 94 ga |
| Vitamini B2, riboflavin | 0.88 mg | 1.8 mg | 48.9% | 14.6% | 205 ga |
| Vitamini E, alpha tocopherol, TE | 9.6 mg | 15 mg | 64% | 19.1% | 156 ga |
| Vitamini PP, NO | 11.4 mg | 20 mg | 57% | 17% | 175 ga |
| niacin | 4.1 mg | ~ | |||
| Ma Macronutrients | |||||
| Potaziyamu, K | 782 mg | 2500 mg | 31.3% | 9.3% | 320 ga |
| Calcium, CA | 27 mg | 1000 mg | 2.7% | 0.8% | 3704 ga |
| Mankhwala a magnesium, mg | 176 mg | 400 mg | 44% | 13.1% | 227 ga |
| Sodium, Na | 5 mg | 1300 mg | 0.4% | 0.1% | 26000 ga |
| Phosphorus, P. | 1075 mg | 800 mg | 134.4% | 40.1% | 74 ga |
| Tsatani Zinthu | |||||
| Iron, Faith | 4.3 mg | 18 mg | 23.9% | 7.1% | 419 ga |
| Zakudya zam'mimba | |||||
| Wowuma ndi dextrins | 15.5 ga | ~ | |||
| Mono- ndi disaccharides (shuga) | 17.3 ga | maulendo 100 г | |||
| Mafuta okhutira | |||||
| Mafuta okhutira | 2.7 ga | maulendo 18.7 г |
Mphamvu ndi 335 kcal.
- Galasi 250 ml = 160 gr (536 kcal)
- Galasi 200 ml = 130 gr (435.5 kcal)
- Supuni ("pamwamba" kupatula zakudya zamadzimadzi) = 25 g (83.8 kcal)
- Supuni ("pamwamba" kupatula zakudya zamadzimadzi) = 8 g (26.8 kcal)
- vitamini B1 ndi gawo la michere yofunikira kwambiri yama carbohydrate ndi mphamvu yamagetsi, yomwe imapatsa thupi mphamvu ndi zinthu zapulasitiki, komanso kagayidwe kazitsulo ka amino acid. Kuperewera kwa vitamini uyu kumabweretsa zovuta zamanjenje, kugaya chakudya komanso mtima.
- vitamini B2 amatenga nawo mbali pazokonzanso za redox, imathandizira chidwi chamitundu ya chowunikira chowonera ndikusinthasintha kwamdima. Mavitamini B2 osakwanira amaphatikizidwa ndi kuphwanya khungu, nembanemba yam'mimba, kuwonongeka kwa kuwala ndi kuwunika kwamadzulo.
- vitamini E ali ndi zida za antioxidant, ndizofunikira pakugwira ntchito kwa ma gonads, mtima waminyewa, ndikukhazikika kwazingwe zam'manja. Ndi kuchepa kwa vitamini E, hemolysis ya erythrocyte ndi matenda amitsempha amaonedwa.
- Vitamini PP amachita nawo zochita redox mphamvu kagayidwe. Kusakwanira kudya mavitamini kumatsagana ndi kusokonekera kwa khungu, m'mimba komanso m'mitsempha.
- potaziyamu ndiye ion yama cell yayikulu yomwe imagwira nawo ntchito yoyang'anira madzi, asidi ndi ma elektrolyte, amatenga nawo mbali pazokhumba zamitsempha, malamulo opanikizika.
- mankhwala enaake a amatenga nawo gawo pamagetsi amagetsi, kaphatikizidwe ka mapuloteni, ma acid a nucleic, ali ndi mphamvu zolimba pakhungu, ndikofunikira kukhalabe ndi calcium home, potaziyamu ndi sodium. Kuperewera kwa magnesium kumabweretsa hypomagnesemia, chiopsezo chowonjezeka chokhala ndi matenda oopsa, matenda amtima.
- Phosphorus amatenga nawo gawo pazinthu zambiri zakuthupi, kuphatikiza mphamvu yamagetsi, kuwongolera kuyamwa kwa asidi, ndi gawo la phospholipids, nucleotides ndi nucleic acid, ndikofunikira pakuchepetsa mafupa ndi mano. Kuperewera kumabweretsa matenda a anorexia, kuchepa magazi, ziphuphu.
- Iron ndi gawo la mapuloteni azinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza michere. Nawo nawo mayendedwe ma elekitironi, mpweya, zipangitsa njira ya redox zimachitikira ndi kutsegula kwa peroxidation. Kusakwanira kumwa kumabweretsa hypochromic magazi m'thupi, myoglobin-atony wopanda mafupa a mafupa, kuwonjezeka kutopa, myocardiopathy, atrophic gastritis.
Mtengo wamagetsi, kapena zopatsa kalori Ndi kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zomwe zimatulutsidwa m'thupi la munthu kuchokera ku chakudya panthawi ya chimbudzi. Mphamvu yamphamvu ya chinthu imayesedwa mu kilocalories (kcal) kapena kilojoules (kJ) pa 100 magalamu. mankhwala. Kilocalorie yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyeza kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya chakudya imatchedwanso "calorie yachakudya," chifukwa chake mawu oyambira pa kilo nthawi zambiri samasiyidwa akamanena zopatsa mphamvu mu (kilo) zopatsa mphamvu. Mutha kuwona matebulo atsatanetsatane amagetsi pazinthu zaku Russia.
Mtengo wa zakudya - zili ndi chakudya, mafuta ndi mapuloteni.
Chakudya chopatsa thanzi - gulu lazinthu zopangira chakudya, pamaso pazomwe thupi limakwaniritsa zosowa zamunthu ndi mphamvu.
mavitamini, zinthu zakuthupi zomwe zimafunikira pang'ono pang'ono pazakudya za anthu komanso zinyama zambiri. Mavitamini nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi zomera m'malo mwa nyama. Chosowa cha anthu tsiku ndi tsiku cha mavitamini ndi mamiligalamu ochepa kapena ma micrograms ochepa. Mosiyana ndi zinthu zopanda pake, mavitamini amawonongeka ndi kutentha kwakukulu. Mavitamini ambiri amakhala osakhazikika komanso "amatayika" pophika kapena pokonza chakudya.