Zizindikiro za anesthesia ya msana ndizochuluka kwambiri, malinga ngati nthawi ya opaleshoniyo sidutsa mphindi 180.

Popeza imatha kuphatikizira kumunsi kwa thunthu ndi miyendo yakumunsi, imagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachitsanzo:

• opaleshoni ya mafupa a m'munsi miyendo
• chigawo chadzidzidzi kapena chokonzekera opaleshoni
• maopaleshoni am'mimba (hysterectomy, ovarian cysts, etc.)
• opaleshoni ya visceral (kwa ziwalo za m'munsi pamimba, monga m'matumbo)
• ndi Copaleshoni mkodzo wotsika (prostate, chikhodzodzo, m'munsi ureter)

Poyerekeza ndi epidural anesthesia, anesthesia ya msana imakhala ndi ubwino wogwiritsidwa ntchito ndikuchita mofulumira komanso yokhudzana ndi kuchepa kwa zolephera kapena zosakwanira za anesthesia. Zimayambitsa kukomoka kotheratu ndipo mlingo wa mankhwala ochititsa dzanzi m'deralo ndiwosafunika kwenikweni.

Komabe, pa epidural anesthesia, kuyika catheter kumapereka mwayi wotalikitsa nthawi ya anesthesia (poperekanso mankhwalawo ngati pakufunika).

Wodwala akhoza kukhala pansi (zotsogola zikukhazikika pa ntchafu) kapena kugona pambali pawo, kuchita "zozungulira".

Pambuyo pothira tizilombo toyambitsa matenda pakhungu lakumbuyo (ndi mowa wa iodized kapena betadine), ogonetsa amagwiritsira ntchito mankhwala ochititsa dzanzi kuti khungu ligone. Kenako amaika singano yopyapyala yopyapyala (0,5 mm m'mimba mwake) pakati pa minyewa iwiri ya m'chiuno, pansi pa msana: uku ndi kuphulika kwa lumbar. Mankhwala oletsa kupweteka akumaloko amalowetsedwa pang'onopang'ono mu CSF, ndiye wodwalayo amagona chagada ndikukweza mutu.

Pa opaleshoni, wodwalayo amakhalabe chidziwitso, ndipo zizindikiro zake zofunika zimafufuzidwa nthawi zonse (kugunda, kuthamanga kwa magazi, kupuma).

Opaleshoni ya msana imapereka opaleshoni yofulumira komanso yathunthu yam'munsi (pafupifupi mphindi 10).

Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, zotsatira zina zimatha kumveka, monga mutu, kusunga mkodzo, kumverera kwachilendo m'miyendo. Zotsatirazi zimakhala zakanthawi kochepa ndipo zimatha kuchepetsedwa pomwa mankhwala opha ululu.