Kayla, wazaka za 2019 wakupha chinsomba, adamwalira ku Florida mu Januwale 30. Akanakhala kutchire, mwina akanakhala ndi zaka 50, mwina 80. Komabe, Kayla wakhala nthawi yaitali kuposa namgumi wakupha aliyense wobadwira ku ukapolo. .
Kaya ndi chifundo kusunga anamgumi ophera anthu m’ndende ndi funso limene layambitsa mkangano waukulu kwa nthaŵi yaitali. Izi ndi nyama zanzeru kwambiri, zokhala ndi anthu zomwe zimapangidwira kuti zikhale ndi moyo, kusamuka, ndi kudya m'nyanja m'madera akuluakulu. Malinga ndi a Naomi Rose, amene amaphunzira za nyama zam’madzi ku Institute for Animal Welfare ku Washington, anamgumi onse akuthengo ndi oŵetedwa ndi anthu sangakhale nthaŵi yaitali ali m’ndende.
Mbalame zakupha ndi nyama zazikulu zomwe zimasambira mtunda wautali kuthengo (pafupifupi makilomita 40 patsiku) osati chifukwa chakuti zimatha, komanso chifukwa zimafunika kudya chakudya chawo komanso kusuntha kwambiri. Amamira pansi mpaka pansi pa 100 mpaka 500 mapazi kangapo patsiku.
Rose anati: “Zimenezi ndi biology basi. “Nangumi wobadwa m’ndende yemwe sanakhalepo m’nyanja ali ndi chibadwa chofananacho. Amasinthidwa kuchokera pa kubadwa kuti aziyenda maulendo ataliatali kufunafuna chakudya ndi achibale awo. Akagwidwa, anamgumi opha nyama amamva ngati atsekeredwa m’bokosi.”
Zizindikiro za kuvutika
Ndizovuta kudziwa chomwe chifupikitsa moyo wa orcas ali mu ukapolo, akatswiri a zaumoyo amati, koma zikuwonekeratu kuti thanzi lawo liri pachiwopsezo pamikhalidwe yotere. Izi zitha kuwoneka mu gawo lofunika kwambiri la thupi la anamgumi akupha: mano awo. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti ku US, gawo limodzi mwa magawo anayi a anamgumi onse ogwidwa ali ndi kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa mano, ndipo 70% ali ndi zowonongeka. Ena mwa anamgumi akupha kuthengo amakhalanso ndi vuto la mano, koma zimachitika pakapita nthawi - mosiyana ndi kuwonongeka koopsa komanso kwadzidzidzi komwe kumawonedwa mu anamgumi ogwidwa.
Malinga ndi kafukufukuyu, kuwonongeka kumeneku kumachitika makamaka chifukwa cha anamgumi omwe amaphedwa nthawi zonse amakukuta mano m'mbali mwa thanki, nthawi zambiri mpaka pomwe mitsempha imawonekera. Madera omwe akhudzidwa amakhala otengeka kwambiri ndi matenda, ngakhale owasamalira amawatsuka ndi madzi aukhondo pafupipafupi.
Khalidwe lopangitsa kupsinjika uku lalembedwa m'maphunziro asayansi kuyambira kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1980. Kachitidwe kobwerezabwereza kotereku kopanda cholinga kalikonse kamakhala ngati nyama zogwidwa.
Anangumi opha, monga anthu, ali ndi ubongo wotukuka kwambiri m'madera a nzeru za anthu, chinenero, ndi kudzidziwitsa. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti m’tchire anamgumi akupha amakhala m’magulu ogwirizana kwambiri a mabanja omwe ali ndi chikhalidwe chovuta, chapadera chimene chimaperekedwa ku mibadwomibadwo.
Mu ukapolo, anamgumi akupha amasungidwa m'magulu ochita kupanga kapena okha. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, anamgumi ophedwa ali ogwidwa kaŵirikaŵiri amasiyana ndi amayi awo ali aang’ono kwambiri kuposa mmene amachitira kuthengo. Komanso m’ndende, anamgumi opha nyama amalephera kupeŵa mikangano ndi anamgumi ena akupha.
Mu 2013, zolemba za Black Fish zidatulutsidwa, zomwe zidafotokoza nkhani ya chinsomba chopha nyama zakutchire dzina lake Tilikum yemwe adapha mphunzitsi. Firimuyi inaphatikizapo maumboni ochokera kwa aphunzitsi ena ndi akatswiri a cetacean omwe adanena kuti kupsinjika maganizo kwa Tilikum kunamupangitsa kukhala wankhanza kwa anthu. Ndipo izi siziri choncho pamene anangumi akupha anachita zinthu mwaukali.
Blackfish idaphatikizansopo kuyankhulana ndi yemwe kale anali mlenje wa whale wamtchire John Crow, yemwe adafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane njira yogwira anangumi achichepere kuthengo: kulira kwa anamgumi ang'onoang'ono omwe adagwidwa muukonde, ndi chisoni cha makolo awo, omwe adathamangira ndikutha. osati thandizo.
kusintha
Zomwe anthu amachitira Blackfish zinali zofulumira komanso zokwiya. Mazana a zikwizikwi owonerera okwiya asayina zikalata zopempha kuti kutha kugwidwa ndi kudyera masuku pamutu anamgumi akupha.
"Zonse zidayamba ndi kampeni yosadziwika bwino, koma zidakhala zazikulu. Zachitika usiku, "atero a Rose, omwe adalimbikitsa zaubwino wa orcas ali muukapolo kuyambira m'ma 90s.
Mu 2016, zonse zinayamba kusintha. Kuweta anamgumi opha ananguwo kwakhala kosaloledwa m’chigawo cha California. SeaWorld, malo aku US theme park and aquarium chain, posakhalitsa adalengeza kuti ithetsa pulogalamu yake yoweta namgumi wakupha, ponena kuti anamgumi omwe akupha pano ndiwo adzakhala m'badwo womaliza kukhala m'mapaki ake.
Koma zinthu zikadali zosafunikira. Ngakhale kuti zikuwoneka kuti pali chiyembekezo cha tsogolo labwino la anangumi opha anthu Kumadzulo, Russia ndi China, malonda oweta nyama zam'madzi akupitiriza kukula. Posachedwapa ku Russia kunali chochitika ndi "ndende ya whale", pamene ku China pakali pano pali mapaki 76 ogwira ntchito panyanja ndi 25 ena akumangidwa. Unyinji wochuluka wa cetaceans wogwidwa adagwidwa ndikutumizidwa ku Russia ndi Japan.
Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti anamgumi akupha alibe malo ogwidwa, ndipo samathandizira ma dolphinariums ndi mapaki amutu!