Xylaria polymorpha (Xylaria polymorpha) chithunzi ndi kufotokozera

Xylaria polymorpha (Xylaria polymorpha)

:

• Xylaria multiforme
• Xylaria polymorpha
• Ma polymorphic spheres
• Hypoxylon polymorphum
• Xylosphaera polymorpha
• Hypoxylon var. polymorphum

Bowa wodabwitsawu, womwe nthawi zambiri umatchedwa "Zala za Munthu Wakufa", umapezeka kuyambira masika mpaka kumapeto kwa autumn, chifukwa umamera pang'onopang'ono. Wamng'ono - wotumbululuka, wotuwa, nthawi zambiri wokhala ndi nsonga yoyera. Chophimba chake chakunja ndi "asexual" spores, conidia, kuwonekera koyambirira kwa chitukuko. Komabe, pofika chilimwe, bowa amayamba kukhala wakuda, ndipo kumapeto kwa chilimwe kapena autumn amakhala wakuda komanso wofota. Kwinakwake pakati pa kusinthaku, Xylaria multiforme imawoneka ngati "zala za munthu wakufa" zotuluka pansi. Komabe, m'magawo omaliza, mwinamwake, amawoneka ngati "mphatso" yosiyidwa ndi mphaka wa m'nyumba.

Xylaria polymorpha ndi yodziwika kwambiri pamitundu ikuluikulu ya Xylaria, koma dzina lamtunduwu, “Zala za Munthu Wakufa”, nthawi zambiri limagwiritsidwa ntchito pophatikiza mitundu ingapo yomwe imasiyanitsidwa ndi zilembo zazing'ono.

Ecology: saprophyte pa zowonongeka zowonongeka ndi matabwa, nthawi zambiri pamunsi mwa mtengo kapena pafupi kwambiri, koma nthawi zina zimatha kukula ngati kuchokera pansi - kwenikweni, nthawi zonse pamakhala zotsalira zamatabwa pansi. Ikhoza kukula payokha, koma imapezeka kwambiri m'magulu. Zimayambitsa zofewa za nkhuni.

Chipatso thupi: 3-10 cm mulitali ndi mpaka 2,5 cm mulifupi. Wolimba, wandiweyani. Zochulukirapo kapena zochepa ngati kalabu kapena chala, koma nthawi zina zimakhala zosalala, zimatha kukhala nthambi. Kawirikawiri ndi nsonga yozungulira. Imakutidwa ndi fumbi lotuwa, lotuwa, kapena lofiirira la conidia (ma spores aasexual) akali aang'ono, kupatula nsonga yoyera, koma amakhala akuda ndi nsonga yotumbululuka akakhwima, ndipo pamapeto pake amakhala akuda. Pamwamba pamakhala woonda wouma ndi makwinya, kutsegula kumapangidwa kumtunda komwe spores okhwima amatulutsidwa.

Myakotb: yoyera, yoyera, yolimba kwambiri.

Makhalidwe a Microscopic: spores 20-31 x 5-10 µm yosalala, fusiform; zokhala ndi majeremusi owongoka kuchokera pa 1/2 mpaka 2/3 ya utali wa spores.

Kufalitsidwa kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Nthawi zambiri imamera m'magulu, imakonda kukhala pamitengo yovunda ndi zitsa za mitengo yophukira, imakonda ma oak, beeches, elms, amatha kumera pamitengo. Nthawi zina amapezeka pa mitengo ikuluikulu ya wofooka ndi kuonongeka moyo mitengo. Kuyambira masika mpaka chisanu, matupi okhwima okhwima samagwa kwa nthawi yayitali.

Zosadyedwa. Palibe deta pa kawopsedwe.

Xylaria wa miyendo yayitali (Xylaria longipes)

Ndizochepa kwambiri ndipo zimadziwika ndi matupi ochepa kwambiri, okongola kwambiri, komabe, maikulosikopu idzafunika kuti munthu adziwike komaliza.

Lili ndi mankhwala. Mu wowerengeka mankhwala m`mayiko ena ntchito ngati okodzetsa ndi monga mankhwala kuonjezera mkaka wa m`mawere.

Chithunzi: Sergey.