Zoonadi, chinthu chogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri choterechi chiyenera kukhala chotetezeka, sichoncho? Koma, mwatsoka, izi siziri choncho. Mankhwala ena apulasitiki amatha kutha m'zakudya zathu, ndipo opanga sakuyenera kuulula mankhwala omwe amagwiritsa ntchito.
Pulasitiki imapangitsa moyo wathu kukhala wosavuta, koma kukoma kowawa muzakudya zomwe zasungidwa kapena zophikidwa mu pulasitiki kwa nthawi yayitali zikunena chinachake.
Kudalira kwathu pulasitiki kumabweretsa mavuto ambiri. Tikukufotokozerani zifukwa 7 zolemetsa zomwe muyenera kusiya pulasitiki, makamaka pankhani ya chakudya.
1. BFA (Bisphenol A)
Pali mitundu yambiri ya pulasitiki, ndipo iliyonse imapatsidwa nambala yeniyeni. Ogula angagwiritse ntchito manambalawa kuti adziwe ngati pulasitiki inayake ingabwerenso.
Mtundu uliwonse wa pulasitiki umapangidwa molingana ndi "maphikidwe" ena. Pulasitiki #7 ndi pulasitiki yolimba ya polycarbonate ndipo ndi mtundu uwu womwe uli ndi BPA.
Pakapita nthawi, BPA imachulukana m'thupi mwathu ndipo imathandizira kuwononga dongosolo la endocrine, komanso kumawonjezera chiopsezo chokhala ndi matenda oopsa monga khansa ndi matenda a mtima. Ana, kuphatikizapo makanda komanso ana obadwa kumene, amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi zotsatira za BPA m'zakudya zathu. Ichi ndichifukwa chake BPA sagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu monga mabotolo a ana ndi makapu.
Koma BPA imatha kubisala m’zinthu zambiri: m’zitini za supu za aluminiyamu, zitini za zipatso ndi masamba, mapepala olandirira malisiti, zitini za soda, ma DVD ndi makapu a thermos. Yesani kugula zinthu zolembedwa kuti “BPA yaulere” kuti muchepetse kuwononga kwa mankhwalawa mthupi lanu.
2. Phthalates
Mapulasitiki ofewa, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito muzoseweretsa zambiri za ana, amakhala ndi ma phthalates, omwe amapangitsa kuti zinthuzo zikhale zomveka. Zoseweretsa nthawi zambiri zimapangidwa ndi PVC, kapena #3 pulasitiki. Ma phthalates samalumikizidwa ndi PVC, chifukwa chake amalowetsedwa mosavuta pakhungu kapena chakudya chilichonse chomwe amakumana nacho.
Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti ma phthalates amawononga dongosolo la endocrine ndi zoberekera za ana omwe akukulirakulira ndipo zimatha kuonjezera chiopsezo cha khansa ya chiwindi. Ndipo fungo lochititsa mutu la PVC yatsopano limasonyeza kuti mankhwalawa ndi oopsa kwambiri.
Zingakhale zovuta kuzipewa kotheratu zinthu zimenezi. Nthawi zina amapezeka m'zinthu zosamalira anthu, choncho yang'anani chizindikiro cha "phthalate-free" pazinthu zomwe inu ndi banja lanu mumagwiritsa ntchito posamalira khungu lanu.
3. Antimony
Aliyense amadziwa kuti mabotolo amadzi apulasitiki akhala kale tsoka lachilengedwe, koma si aliyense amene amazindikira zomwe zimawopseza thanzi lathu. Pulasitiki yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mabotolowa ndi #1 PET ndipo imagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala otchedwa antimony monga chothandizira popanga. Ofufuza akuganiza kuti antimony imawonjezera chiopsezo cha khansa.
Kafukufuku wochulukirapo akufunika kuti adziwe kuopsa kwa antimoni m'madzi, koma antimoni amadziwika kale kuti amatuluka m'mabotolo ndi madzi. Zotsatira zoyipa zaumoyo zanenedwa mwa anthu omwe amagwira ntchito mwaukadaulo ndi antimoni pogwira kapena kutulutsa mankhwalawo.
4. Antibacterial zowonjezera
Mtundu wa pulasitiki zambiri zosungiramo zakudya zathu zimapangidwa kuchokera ku polypropylene (pulasitiki #5). Kwa nthawi yayitali pulasitiki #5 yakhala ikuwoneka ngati njira yabwino yosinthira pulasitiki ya BPA. Komabe, posachedwapa zapezeka kuti zowonjezera za antibacterial zimatulukamo.
Izi ndi zomwe zapezedwa posachedwa, ndipo pali kafukufuku wambiri woti adziwe zomwe pulasitiki nambala 5 ingayambitse thupi. Komabe, m'matumbo athu amayenera kukhala ndi mabakiteriya ocheperako kuti agwire bwino ntchito, ndipo kuwonjezera ma antibacterial supplements m'thupi kumatha kusokoneza izi.
5. Teflon
Teflon ndi mtundu wa pulasitiki wopanda ndodo womwe umakwirira mapoto ndi mapoto. Palibe umboni wosonyeza kuti Teflon ndi poizoni m'thupi mwachibadwa, koma imatha kutulutsa mankhwala oopsa pa kutentha kwambiri (kupitirira madigiri 500). Teflon imatulutsanso mankhwala owopsa popanga ndi kutaya.
Pofuna kupewa kukhudzana ndi chinthu ichi, sankhani mbale zopangidwa kuchokera ku zipangizo zotetezeka. Chosankha chabwino chingakhale chitsulo choponyedwa ndi ceramic cookware.
6. Kulowetsedwa kosapeweka
Makampani opanga mankhwala amavomereza kuti palibe njira yopezera pulasitiki yaing'ono m'zakudya, koma imatsindika kuti chiwerengero cha zinthu zoterezi ndi chochepa kwambiri. Chomwe chimanyalanyazidwa ndi chakuti ambiri mwa mankhwalawa sangathe kukonzedwa ndi thupi, koma m'malo mwake amakhala m'matumbo athu amafuta ndikupitiriza kudziunjikira kumeneko kwa zaka zambiri.
Ngati simunakonzekere kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito pulasitiki, pali njira zingapo zochepetsera kuwonekera kwanu. Mwachitsanzo, musamatenthetse chakudya mu pulasitiki, chifukwa izi zimawonjezera kuchuluka kwa pulasitiki. Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito zoyikapo za pulasitiki kuphimba chakudya, onetsetsani kuti pulasitikiyo sichikukhudzana ndi chakudya.
7. Kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe ndi kusokonezeka kwa chakudya
Palibe nkhani kuti pulasitiki imatenga nthawi yayitali kuti iwonongeke ndikuunjikana m'malo otayirako pamlingo wowopsa. Choipa kwambiri, chimathera mu mitsinje ndi nyanja zathu. Chitsanzo chabwino kwambiri ndi Great Pacific Garbage Patch, mulu waukulu wa pulasitiki woyandama umene uli chabe chimodzi mwa “zisumbu” zambiri za zinyalala zimene zapangika m’madzi a dziko lapansi.
Pulasitiki sichiwola, koma chifukwa cha dzuwa ndi madzi, imasweka kukhala tinthu tating'onoting'ono. Tinthu tating’ono ting’onoting’ono timeneti timadyedwa ndi nsomba ndi mbalame, motero zimaloŵa m’njira ya chakudya. Zoonadi, kudya zinthu zapoizoni zochuluka chotere kumawononganso kuchuluka kwa nyama zimenezi, kuchepetsa chiŵerengero chawo ndi kuopseza kutha kwa zamoyo zina.
Sikophweka kuthetsa pulasitiki kwathunthu chifukwa cha kupezeka kwake muzakudya zathu. Komabe, pali njira zingapo zosavuta zomwe mungatenge kuti muchepetse kukhudzidwa.
Kuti muyambe, sinthani ku zotengera zamagalasi, zotengera zakumwa, ndi mabotolo a ana. Gwiritsani ntchito thaulo la pepala mu microwave kuti mutenge splatter, osati pulasitiki. Ndibwinonso kuchapa m'manja zotengera zapulasitiki m'malo moziyika mu chotsukira mbale, ndikutaya pulasitiki iliyonse yomwe yakanda kapena yopindika.
Pochepetsa pang'onopang'ono kudalira kwathu pulasitiki, tidzaonetsetsa kuti thanzi la Dziko Lapansi ndi onse okhalamo likuyenda bwino kwambiri.