Panali nthawi yomwe zakudya zamasamba ndi zamasamba zinali gawo laling'ono laling'ono kumayiko akumadzulo. Ankakhulupirira kuti ili ndilo gawo la chidwi cha ma hippies ndi omenyera ufulu, osati anthu wamba.
Odya zamasamba ndi odyetserako zamasamba ankazindikiridwa ndi iwo omwe anali pafupi nawo ndi kuvomereza ndi kulolerana, kapena mwaudani. Koma tsopano zonse zikusintha. Ogula ambiri akuyamba kuzindikira zotsatira zabwino za zakudya zochokera ku zomera osati pa thanzi, komanso pazinthu zina zambiri za moyo.
Zakudya zochokera ku zomera zafala kwambiri. Odziwika bwino pagulu ndi mabungwe akulu akufuna kusintha kwa veganism. Ngakhale zokonda za Beyoncé ndi Jay-Z adalandira moyo wamasamba ndikuyika ndalama pakampani yopanga zakudya zamasamba. Ndipo kampani yaikulu yazakudya padziko lonse, Nestlé, imaneneratu kuti zakudya zochokera ku zomera zidzapitiriza kutchuka pakati pa ogula.
Kwa ena, ndi moyo. Zimachitika kuti ngakhale makampani onse amatsatira filosofi yomwe amakana kulipira chilichonse chomwe chimayambitsa kupha.
Kumvetsetsa kuti kugwiritsa ntchito nyama pakudya, zovala, kapena cholinga china chilichonse sikofunikira kuti tikhale ndi thanzi labwino komanso kukhala ndi moyo wabwino kungakhalenso maziko opangira chuma chopindulitsa cha mbewu.
Pindulani ndi thanzi
Kafukufuku wazaka makumi angapo awonetsa kuti zakudya zozikidwa ku mbewu ndi imodzi mwazabwino kwambiri padziko lapansi. Zakudya zomwe zimapezeka m'zakudya zokhala ndi zomera zimathandizira kuchepetsa kutupa m'thupi, kukonza mitsempha yamagazi, komanso kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha metabolic syndrome ndi matenda a shuga.
Akatswiri a kadyedwe kabwino amavomereza kuti zakudya zopatsa thanzi m'malo mwa mapuloteni a nyama monga mtedza, mbewu, nyemba, ndi tofu, n'zamtengo wapatali komanso zotsika mtengo zopangira mapuloteni ndi zakudya zina.
Zakudya zochokera ku zomera zimakhala zotetezeka pazigawo zonse za moyo wa munthu, kuphatikizapo mimba, ukhanda, ndi ubwana. Kafukufuku amatsimikizira mosalekeza kuti chakudya chopatsa thanzi, chochokera ku zomera chingapereke munthu ndi zakudya zonse zofunika kuti akhale ndi thanzi labwino.
Ambiri mwa omwe amadya zakudya zamasamba ndi zamasamba, malinga ndi kafukufuku, amalandila zomanga thupi tsiku lililonse. Ponena za chitsulo, chakudya chochokera ku zomera chimakhala ndi zambiri kapena zambiri kuposa chakudya chokhala ndi nyama.
Sikuti zogulitsa zanyama zokha ndizosafunikira kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino, koma kuchuluka kwa akatswiri azakudya komanso akatswiri azaumoyo akuvomereza kuti zinthu zanyama ndizowopsa.
Kafukufuku wokhudzana ndi zakudya zochokera ku zomera wasonyeza mobwerezabwereza kuti chiwerengero cha thupi ndi kunenepa kwambiri ndizochepa kwambiri mwa anthu omwe amadya zakudya zamasamba. Chakudya chopatsa thanzi chochokera ku zomera chimathandizanso kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima, sitiroko, khansa, kunenepa kwambiri, ndi matenda a shuga, zomwe zili pakati pa zomwe zimayambitsa imfa m’mayiko ambiri a Kumadzulo.
Makhalidwe
Kwa anthu ambiri m’dziko lamakonoli, kudya nyama sikulinso chinthu chofunika kwambiri kuti munthu akhale ndi moyo. Anthu amakono safunikiranso kudziteteza ku zinyama kuti akhale ndi moyo. Choncho, masiku ano, kudya zamoyo wakhala kusankha, osati kufunikira.
Nyama ndi zolengedwa zanzeru monga ife, zili ndi zosowa zawo, zokhumba ndi zofuna zawo. Sayansi imadziŵa kuti, mofanana ndi ife, iwo angakhale ndi malingaliro ndi malingaliro osiyanasiyana, monga chimwemwe, zowawa, chisangalalo, mantha, njala, chisoni, kunyong’onyeka, kukhumudwa, kapena chikhutiro. Amadziwa dziko lowazungulira. Miyoyo yawo ndi yamtengo wapatali ndipo sizinthu zokha kapena zida zogwiritsira ntchito anthu.
Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kulikonse kwa nyama pa chakudya, zovala, zosangalatsa kapena kuyesa ndikugwiritsa ntchito nyama mosagwirizana ndi zofuna zawo, zomwe zimayambitsa kuvutika komanso, nthawi zambiri, kupha.
Kusamalira zachilengedwe
Ubwino wa thanzi ndi makhalidwe abwino ndi osatsutsika, koma kusintha zakudya zochokera ku zomera kulinso kwabwino kwa chilengedwe.
Kafukufuku watsopano akuwonetsa kuti kusintha zakudya zochokera ku zomera kungachepetse kukhudzidwa kwanu ndi chilengedwe kusiyana ndi kusinthira ku galimoto yosakanizidwa. Bungwe la Food and Agriculture Organisation la United Nations (FAO) likuyerekeza kuti pafupifupi 30% ya nthaka yomwe ilibe madzi oundana imagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachindunji kapena mwanjira ina popangira chakudya cha ziweto.
M’dera la Amazon, pafupifupi 70 peresenti ya malo ankhalango asinthidwa kukhala malo odyetserako ng’ombe. Kuweta mopitirira muyeso kwachititsa kuti mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zamoyo ndi zachilengedwe ziwonongeke, makamaka m’madera ouma.
Lipoti la magawo awiri lamutu wakuti “Livestock in a Changing Landscape” linapeza mfundo zazikuluzikulu zotsatirazi:
1. Zinyama zoposa 1,7 biliyoni zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poweta padziko lonse lapansi ndipo zimagwiritsa ntchito gawo limodzi mwa magawo anayi a dziko lapansi.
2. Kupanga chakudya cha ziweto kumatenga gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a malo olimapo padziko lapansi.
3. Makampani opanga ziweto, omwe amaphatikiza kupanga ndi kutumiza chakudya, ndiwo omwe amayang'anira pafupifupi 18% ya mpweya wotenthetsa dziko lapansi.
Malinga ndi kafukufuku waposachedwapa wokhudza mmene chilengedwe chimakhudzira nyama zolowa m’malo mwa zomera, nyama iliyonse imene imapangidwa m’malo mwa nyama imatulutsa mpweya wochepa kwambiri kusiyana ndi kupanga nyama yeniyeni.
Kuweta ziweto kumabweretsanso kugwiritsa ntchito madzi mosayenera. Makampani oweta ziweto amafuna kumwa madzi ambiri, nthawi zambiri kuwononga zinthu zakumaloko pakati pazovuta zakusintha kwanyengo komanso madzi abwino omwe akucheperachepera.
N'chifukwa chiyani amapangira chakudya?
Kuchepetsa kupanga nyama ndi nyama zina sikumangothandizira kulimbana kuti apulumutse dziko lapansi komanso kumathandizira kukhala ndi moyo wokhazikika komanso wamakhalidwe abwino.
Posiya zinthu zanyama, simungochepetsa kwambiri chilengedwe, komanso mumachita gawo lanu pakukweza miyoyo ya anthu padziko lonse lapansi.
Kuweta ziweto kumakhala ndi zotsatirapo zazikulu kwa anthu, makamaka kwa anthu osowa thandizo ndi osauka. Malinga ndi zimene bungwe la World Health Organization linanena, chaka chilichonse anthu oposa 20 miliyoni amafa chifukwa cha kupereŵera kwa zakudya m’thupi, ndipo pafupifupi anthu 1 biliyoni amakhala ndi njala nthawi zonse.
Chakudya chochuluka choperekedwa kwa nyama masiku ano chingagwiritsidwe ntchito kudyetsa anjala padziko lonse lapansi. Koma m’malo mopereka tirigu kwa anthu amene akufunika thandizo komanso amene akukhudzidwa ndi vuto la chakudya padziko lonse, mbewuzi zikungoperekedwa kwa ziweto.
Pamafunika avareji ya makilogalamu anayi a tirigu ndi mapuloteni ena a masamba kuti atulutse theka la kilogalamu yokha ya nyama ya ng’ombe!
Phindu lazachuma
Dongosolo laulimi wopangidwa ndi zomera limabweretsa osati zopindulitsa zachilengedwe komanso zothandiza anthu, komanso zachuma. Chakudya chowonjezera chomwe chitha kupangidwa ngati anthu aku US atasinthiratu zakudya zamasamba zitha kudyetsa anthu opitilira 350 miliyoni.
Chakudya chochulukachi chikhoza kubweza zonse zomwe zatayika chifukwa chochepetsa ulimi wa ziweto. Kafukufuku wazachuma akuwonetsa kuti zoweta m'maiko ambiri akumadzulo zimapanga zosakwana 2% ya GDP. Kafukufuku wina ku US akuwonetsa kuchepetsedwa kwa GDP pafupifupi 1% chifukwa cha kusintha kwa dzikolo kupita ku veganism, koma izi zidzathetsedwa ndi kukula kwa misika yazomera.
Malinga ndi kafukufuku wofalitsidwa m’nyuzipepala ya ku America yotchedwa Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), ngati anthu apitirizabe kudya nyama, m’malo mosinthana ndi zakudya zopatsa thanzi, izi zikhoza kuwononga dziko la United States kuchokera pa 197 mpaka 289 biliyoni. madola pachaka, ndipo Chuma chapadziko lonse lapansi chikhoza kutaya mpaka $2050 thililiyoni ndi 1,6.
US ikhoza kusunga ndalama zambiri kuposa dziko lina lililonse posinthira chuma chochokera ku zomera chifukwa cha kukwera mtengo kwaumoyo wa anthu. Malinga ndi kafukufuku wa PNAS, ngati Achimereka amangotsatira malangizo a zakudya zabwino, a US akhoza kusunga $ 180 biliyoni mu ndalama zothandizira zaumoyo ndi $ 250 biliyoni ngati atasinthira ku chuma cha zomera. Izi ndi ziwerengero zandalama zokha ndipo sizimaganizira n’komwe kuti anthu pafupifupi 320 amapulumutsidwa chaka chilichonse pochepetsa matenda aakulu komanso kunenepa kwambiri.
Malinga ndi kafukufuku wina wa bungwe la Plant Foods Association, ntchito zachuma m’makampani a chakudya cha zomera ku United States okha ndi pafupifupi $13,7 biliyoni pachaka. Pakuchulukirachulukira kwachuma, makampani azakudya akuyembekezeka kupanga $10 biliyoni pamisonkho pazaka 13,3 zikubwerazi. Malonda a mankhwala azitsamba ku US akukula pafupifupi 8% pachaka.
Zonsezi ndi nkhani zolimbikitsa kwa olimbikitsa moyo wa zomera, ndipo maphunziro atsopano akuwonekera akuwonetsa ubwino wambiri wopewa nyama.
Kafukufuku amatsimikizira kuti, pazigawo zambiri, chuma chochokera ku zomera chidzapititsa patsogolo thanzi labwino ndi moyo wa anthu padziko lonse lapansi pochepetsa njala m'mayiko omwe akutukuka kumene komanso kuchepetsa matenda aakulu kumadzulo. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, dziko lathu lapansi lidzapuma pang'ono kuchokera ku zowonongeka zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kupanga nyama.
Pambuyo pake, ngakhale makhalidwe abwino ndi makhalidwe sali okwanira kukhulupirira phindu la moyo wa zomera, osachepera mphamvu ya dola yamphamvuyonse iyenera kutsimikizira anthu.